本文選題：腐蝕　切入點(diǎn)：超聲波　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：石油化工行業(yè)常因腐蝕問題致使工藝管道均勻減薄或腐蝕穿孔,由于很多管道內(nèi)介質(zhì)為高溫、高壓、易燃易爆的危險(xiǎn)品,管道的破損會(huì)使物料泄漏發(fā)生火災(zāi)和爆炸,因此對管道壁厚的監(jiān)檢測尤為重要。本文研發(fā)了一套高溫管道超聲波在線測厚設(shè)備,用于實(shí)時(shí)在線定點(diǎn)監(jiān)測管壁厚度,本文的研究內(nèi)容主要包括：(1)了解國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有的腐蝕監(jiān)檢測手段,研究了腐蝕探針、腐蝕掛片、pH值探針等的工作原理；(2)深入研究了超聲波的物理特性,給出聲壓、聲強(qiáng)、折射率、反射率等的定義和計(jì)算公式,研究了利用逆壓電效應(yīng)激勵(lì)壓電晶片產(chǎn)生超聲波的機(jī)理；(3)研發(fā)了一套基于MAXQ7667的硬件部分,其中該硬件包括：超聲波發(fā)射電路、超聲波接收電路、無線發(fā)射接口、溫度補(bǔ)償處理電路。(4)為了滿足在線測量的目的,設(shè)計(jì)了一根導(dǎo)波桿和一套固定裝置,設(shè)計(jì)完成后在國內(nèi)某石化對固定裝置的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場測試,證明其滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求。用ANSYS軟件模擬導(dǎo)波桿一端接觸320℃管道的溫度分布,為減小溫度對導(dǎo)波桿的影響,研究了熱電偶的原理及其應(yīng)用,將熱電偶測溫模塊添加到整體設(shè)計(jì)中,選擇MAX6675模塊對K型熱電偶數(shù)據(jù)處理和冷端補(bǔ)償；(5)為實(shí)現(xiàn)無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸功能,研究了國內(nèi)外無線傳輸?shù)默F(xiàn)狀,選擇基于IEEE 802.15.4標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的Wireless HART協(xié)議作為無線傳輸協(xié)議。
[Abstract]:The petrochemical industry often causes even thinning or corrosion perforation of the process pipeline due to corrosion problems. Because the medium in many pipelines is dangerous goods with high temperature, high pressure, flammable and explosive, the damage of pipeline will lead to fire and explosion of material leakage. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the wall thickness of pipeline. In this paper, a set of ultrasonic on-line thickness measuring equipment for high temperature pipeline is developed, which can be used to monitor the thickness of pipe wall at fixed spot in real time. The main contents of this paper include: (1) to understand the existing corrosion monitoring methods at home and abroad, and to study the working principle of corrosion probe, pH probe, etc.) the physical characteristics of ultrasonic wave are studied in depth, and the sound pressure, sound intensity, refractive index are given. Based on the definition and calculation formula of reflectivity, a set of hardware based on MAXQ7667 is developed, which includes ultrasonic transmitting circuit, ultrasonic receiving circuit, ultrasonic receiving circuit, ultrasonic transmitting circuit and ultrasonic receiving circuit, which is based on the principle of using inverse piezoelectric effect to excite piezoelectric wafer to produce ultrasonic wave. In order to meet the purpose of on-line measurement, a guided wave rod and a set of fixing device are designed. After the design is completed, the stability of the fixed device is tested in a petrochemical plant in China. It is proved that it meets the design requirements. In order to reduce the influence of temperature on the guide rod, the principle and application of the thermocouple are studied by using ANSYS software to simulate the temperature distribution of the tube at 320 鈩，

本文編號：1617824