本文選題：含油污水　切入點(diǎn)：PLC　出處：《東北石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水是非常珍貴的,是生命體賴以生存,不能缺少的。而水的污染日趨嚴(yán)重,如開(kāi)采油田的時(shí)候會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的含油污水,如果處理不當(dāng),超標(biāo)回注會(huì)影響油田的采收率,同時(shí),這種不合理的肆意排放在造成浪費(fèi)的同時(shí),也會(huì)污染環(huán)境。因此針對(duì)含油污水的處理應(yīng)該引起社會(huì)的重視,如何恰到好處的進(jìn)行含油污水的處理并且既能二次利用又能保護(hù)環(huán)境是刻不容緩的。針對(duì)如何處理含油污水,傳統(tǒng)工藝首先是通過(guò)自然沉降的辦法來(lái)將含油污水中的油質(zhì)、懸浮物除去,接著利用化學(xué)方法,通過(guò)加入化學(xué)制劑來(lái)處理含油污水中的油,但又會(huì)導(dǎo)致水中含有大量化學(xué)物質(zhì),這樣容易造成二次污染。因此,在污水處理方法中,通過(guò)自然沉降方法外,本文提出在含油污水中加入微生物的方法,經(jīng)過(guò)這樣處理后的含油污水基本無(wú)二次污染,該方案屬于新興工藝與傳統(tǒng)方法的結(jié)合。除了引進(jìn)新型工藝-加入微生物處理含油污水的方法,本文還結(jié)合了PLC控制系統(tǒng)對(duì)站內(nèi)設(shè)施進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和對(duì)各項(xiàng)參數(shù)(如溫度,壓力,液位等)的調(diào)整。本文首先對(duì)Siemens S7-300的PLC控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行的理論介紹,在這基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行深層次的探討和研究,然后通過(guò)國(guó)內(nèi)老污水處理方法以及全自動(dòng)控制含油污水站相結(jié)合的模式,利用自動(dòng)化控制系統(tǒng),節(jié)省人力物力,全面而且開(kāi)放性好,提出了由Siemens PLC可編程序控制系統(tǒng)處理含油污水的方案。根據(jù)大慶市含油污水處理站,本文設(shè)計(jì)了基于Siemens PLC的氣浮方法與微生物方法相結(jié)合的新型污水處理控制系統(tǒng),該新型系統(tǒng)主要包括現(xiàn)場(chǎng)西門子PLC自動(dòng)程序控制系統(tǒng)、以太網(wǎng)總線、上位機(jī)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行聯(lián)合通訊。其中PLC自動(dòng)程序控制系統(tǒng)采用德國(guó)西門子公司S7-300的PLC作為主站,采集氣浮設(shè)備的、微生物池設(shè)備以及固液設(shè)備的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)狀態(tài)的各項(xiàng)參數(shù),利用分布式I/O作為從站,通過(guò)信號(hào)采集來(lái)控制現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備的運(yùn)行狀態(tài),最后通過(guò)以太網(wǎng)總線上傳至WinCC,WinCC讀取PLC傳遞的數(shù)據(jù),通過(guò)獲取的采集量信息來(lái)進(jìn)行設(shè)備運(yùn)行的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)控制。接著選用WinCC組態(tài)軟件對(duì)上位機(jī)進(jìn)行組態(tài),通過(guò)組態(tài)研究了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工藝流程、報(bào)警、參數(shù)設(shè)定、刮渣機(jī)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)、自動(dòng)排泥系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)等操作界面,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控。選用的上位機(jī)不僅抗干擾性好而且穩(wěn)定性強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:Water is very precious, it is vital for life to survive, and the pollution of water is becoming more and more serious. For example, when oil fields are exploited, a large amount of oily sewage will be produced. If the treatment is not properly treated, over-standard backfilling will affect oil recovery, and at the same time, This unreasonable and wanton discharge will not only cause waste, but also pollute the environment. Therefore, the treatment of oily sewage should be taken seriously by the society. It is urgent to treat the oily sewage properly and to protect the environment as well as to reuse it again. In view of how to treat the oily sewage, the traditional process is to use the method of natural settlement to treat the oil quality in the oily sewage. The suspended matter is removed, and then the oil in the oily sewage is treated by chemical method by adding a chemical agent, but it can lead to a large amount of chemical substances in the water, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. Therefore, in the sewage treatment method, In addition to the natural settlement method, this paper puts forward the method of adding microorganism to the oily sewage. The oily sewage treated in this way basically has no secondary pollution. This scheme is a combination of new process and traditional methods. In addition to the introduction of a new process-microorganism treatment of oily sewage, this paper also combines the PLC control system to real-time monitor the station facilities and parameters (such as temperature, temperature, etc.). This paper first introduces the theory of Siemens S7-300 's PLC control system, on the basis of which the deep discussion and research are carried out. Then, through the combination of domestic old sewage treatment methods and fully automatic control of oil-bearing sewage stations and the use of automatic control systems, it saves manpower and material resources, is comprehensive and open. The scheme of treating oily sewage by Siemens PLC programmable control system is put forward. According to Daqing oil sewage treatment station, a new sewage treatment control system based on Siemens PLC and microbial method is designed in this paper. The new system mainly includes Siemens PLC automatic program control system, Ethernet bus and host computer monitoring system for joint communication. The PLC automatic program control system uses the PLC of Siemens S7-300 as the main station. Collecting the parameters of the field state of the microbial pool equipment and the solid liquid equipment, using distributed I / O as the slave station to control the running state of the field equipment through signal acquisition. Finally, the data transmitted by PLC is uploaded to WinCC by Ethernet bus, and the data is collected to control the operation of the equipment. Then, the WinCC configuration software is used to configure the host computer, and the field process is studied by configuration. The operation interface such as alarm, parameter setting, operation state of slag scraping machine and automatic mud discharging system can realize the real-time monitoring of field equipment. The selected upper computer not only has good anti-interference ability but also has strong stability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X741;X172

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本文編號(hào)：1615613