本文選題：泥漿密度　切入點：動態(tài)稱重　出處：《沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在利用泥水盾構(gòu)設(shè)備進行地下施工工程和石油鉆井工程中,泥漿密度的作用非常重要,是隧道挖掘和發(fā)現(xiàn)新的石油層的一個非常重要的數(shù)據(jù)指標(biāo)。泥水盾構(gòu)機是利用進出口泥漿密度的動態(tài)平衡來保證挖掘進度,石油鉆井主要是根據(jù)出漿密度判斷地下是否存在石油層。研究實時的泥漿密度檢測系統(tǒng)對地下工程是非常有意義的。對于泥漿密度檢測的問題,本文研究一種利用動態(tài)稱重的原理在線檢測泥漿密度的方法,利用已知體積的輸流管道作為測量管道,并使用稱重傳感器對流入該管道的泥漿進行瞬時的重量及流過管道的時間進行測量,根據(jù)體積、質(zhì)量流量和密度的關(guān)系,得到測量管道中漿體的瞬時平均密度。本課題主要從理論研究、仿真分析、實驗平臺搭建、實驗數(shù)據(jù)處理及結(jié)果分析四個部分對動態(tài)稱重法的泥漿密度檢測系統(tǒng)進行研究。首先對稱重理論和泥漿的流體力學(xué)特性進行研究,得出泥漿作為一種不可壓縮的非牛頓流體,在流動過程中會有一定沉積;理論分析泥漿的粒子直徑,流速和體積分數(shù)對泥漿在輸流管道中流動情況及瞬時稱重結(jié)果的影響,為實驗結(jié)果分析提供理論依據(jù);本課題研究相關(guān)性法測量流體流動時間的理論,通過動態(tài)稱重得到的質(zhì)量流量及計算出的流動時間得出泥漿密度。其次應(yīng)用ANSYS有限元分析軟件對泥漿的流動情況、傳感器受力過程、實驗系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和振動進行仿真。分析在不同流速、粒徑和體積分數(shù)時,泥漿在水平管道中的流動情況,找出流速、體積分數(shù)與出入口質(zhì)量差之間的關(guān)系;仿真?zhèn)鞲衅魇芰^程,驗證該儀器的線性度;對實驗系統(tǒng)的振動情況及模態(tài)進行仿真,找到一種較穩(wěn)定的約束方式,得到管道的前六階振型,提高實驗裝置的穩(wěn)定性。最后在實驗過程中,利用工業(yè)廢土和渣石與清水按一定比例混合作為待測流體,通過采集卡和LabVIEW軟件采集數(shù)據(jù),使用MATLAB軟件預(yù)處理后利用相關(guān)性法求出出入口兩個傳感器測得的數(shù)據(jù)的相關(guān)性,計算出時間差,再通過離散積分取均值的方法得到當(dāng)前管道中的泥漿重量,利用已知測量管道的體積計算出泥漿實時密度。實驗結(jié)果證明:利用相關(guān)性法和積分的方法得到的泥漿質(zhì)量和密度與實驗所用兩相流密度基本一致,證明利用動態(tài)稱重的測量方法間接得到泥漿密度的可行性。本課題研究的動態(tài)稱重方法測量泥漿密度的系統(tǒng)適用于鉆井及盾構(gòu)等地下工程。
[Abstract]:Mud density plays a very important role in underground construction and oil drilling by using mud shield equipment. Is a very important data index for tunnel excavation and discovery of new oil layers. The mud shield machine uses the dynamic balance of the density of the inlet and outlet mud to ensure the progress of the excavation. Oil drilling is mainly based on the slurry density to determine the existence of oil layers underground. It is very meaningful to study the real time mud density detection system for underground engineering. In this paper, a method of on-line measuring mud density using the principle of dynamic weighing is studied. The flow pipeline with known volume is used as the measuring pipe. The instantaneous weight of the mud flowing into the pipeline and the time of passing through the pipeline are measured by using a weighing sensor, according to the relationship between volume, mass flow rate and density. The instantaneous average density of slurry in pipeline is obtained. Four parts of the experiment data processing and result analysis are used to study the mud density measurement system of dynamic weighing method. Firstly, the symmetrical weight theory and the fluid dynamics characteristics of the mud are studied, and it is concluded that the mud is an incompressible non-Newtonian fluid. The influence of particle diameter, velocity and volume fraction of mud on the flow and instantaneous weighing results of slurry in the pipeline is analyzed theoretically, which provides a theoretical basis for the analysis of experimental results. In this paper, the theory of measuring fluid flow time by correlation method is studied, and the mud density is obtained by the mass flow rate obtained by dynamic weighing and the calculated flow time. Secondly, the flow of mud is analyzed by ANSYS finite element analysis software. The stability and vibration of the experimental system are simulated. The flow of mud in horizontal pipeline is analyzed at different velocity, particle size and volume fraction, and the relationship between velocity, volume fraction and mass difference between inlet and outlet is found out. The linearity of the instrument is verified by simulating the force process of the sensor, and the vibration and mode of the experimental system are simulated, a more stable constraint mode is found, and the first six modes of the pipeline are obtained. Finally, in the process of the experiment, the industrial waste soil and slag stone are mixed with clear water in a certain proportion as the fluid to be tested, and the data are collected by the acquisition card and LabVIEW software. After preprocessing with MATLAB software, the correlation method is used to calculate the correlation of the data measured by the two sensors at the inlet and outlet, and the time difference is calculated, and then the mud weight in the current pipeline is obtained by the method of taking the mean value of the discrete integral. The real time density of mud is calculated by measuring the volume of pipeline. The experimental results show that the mud quality and density obtained by the method of correlation and integration are basically consistent with the density of two-phase flow used in the experiment. It is proved that it is feasible to obtain mud density indirectly by using dynamic weighing method. The system of measuring mud density by dynamic weighing method studied in this paper is suitable for underground engineering such as drilling and shield tunneling.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE311

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