本文選題：頁(yè)巖氣儲(chǔ)層　切入點(diǎn)：感應(yīng)測(cè)井　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：伴隨著石油天然氣資源勘探開(kāi)發(fā)的深入,常規(guī)油氣資源逐漸出現(xiàn)供給問(wèn)題,而頁(yè)巖氣等非常規(guī)油氣資源逐漸成為能源勘探的熱點(diǎn)。然而,由于頁(yè)巖既是生烴巖,又是儲(chǔ)集層,其儲(chǔ)層的地球物理測(cè)井評(píng)價(jià)差異于常規(guī)儲(chǔ)層。建立專門針對(duì)頁(yè)巖氣儲(chǔ)層的巖石物理模型,并利用計(jì)算機(jī)模擬技術(shù)來(lái)分析相應(yīng)的地球物理響應(yīng)特征是突破非常規(guī)油氣勘探難題的有效途徑。本文通過(guò)運(yùn)用感應(yīng)測(cè)井的數(shù)值模擬方法,基于實(shí)際的頁(yè)巖氣儲(chǔ)層資料建構(gòu)地質(zhì)地球物理模型,研究了模型的電阻率參數(shù)特征及其規(guī)律。論文通過(guò)對(duì)頁(yè)巖氣儲(chǔ)層的基本特征進(jìn)行分析,選取儲(chǔ)層的電性參數(shù)作為研究變量,闡述其相應(yīng)的影響因素,并且結(jié)合感應(yīng)測(cè)井測(cè)量的基本理論,對(duì)雙感應(yīng)、陣列感應(yīng)理論以及相關(guān)感應(yīng)測(cè)井儀器進(jìn)行了闡述,分析了頁(yè)巖氣儲(chǔ)層的感應(yīng)測(cè)井應(yīng)用。針對(duì)感應(yīng)測(cè)井的數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算方法,論文利用基于電磁感應(yīng)定理的Maxwell方程組在Dirichlet條件下的邊值問(wèn)題的偏微分方程,運(yùn)用Yee氏網(wǎng)格剖分原理,并結(jié)合總場(chǎng)分解為一次背景場(chǎng)和二次散射場(chǎng)的原理來(lái)分別計(jì)算,推導(dǎo)了函數(shù)法求解一次場(chǎng)分布、以及頻域有限差分離散計(jì)算二次場(chǎng)分布。對(duì)離散化的線性方程組使用不完全Cholesky預(yù)處理分解雙共軛梯度法進(jìn)行迭代計(jì)算。在數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算方法的理論下,使用MATLAB平臺(tái)實(shí)現(xiàn)了感應(yīng)測(cè)井正演算法的程序代碼編寫(xiě)。在均勻地層模型驗(yàn)證了正演算法程序的準(zhǔn)確性的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)不同頁(yè)巖氣儲(chǔ)層地質(zhì)條件下的地質(zhì)體模型,通過(guò)建立徑向和縱向模型,研究了感應(yīng)測(cè)井響應(yīng)受到井眼環(huán)境下的泥漿濾液、井徑以及侵入帶的影響,分析表明視電阻率同泥漿濾液和侵入帶電阻率呈現(xiàn)正相關(guān),而同井徑與侵入半徑呈負(fù)相關(guān)。論文基于南方碳酸鹽巖頁(yè)巖系和四川盆地地區(qū)頁(yè)巖氣儲(chǔ)層的實(shí)際資料,闡述了儲(chǔ)層電阻率模型的建立,針對(duì)龍山地區(qū)的巖石電性特征建立模型,研究表明感應(yīng)測(cè)井正演能夠較好地分辨出低阻的頁(yè)巖層段,對(duì)于中高阻的頁(yè)巖層因有機(jī)質(zhì)等組成成分的復(fù)雜而需要借助周圍地層的測(cè)井響應(yīng)來(lái)識(shí)別。
[Abstract]:With the development of petroleum and natural gas resources, the supply of conventional oil and gas resources has gradually appeared, and unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas have gradually become the hot spot of energy exploration. However, shale is both hydrocarbon generating rock and reservoir. The geophysical log evaluation of the reservoir is different from that of the conventional reservoir. Using computer simulation technology to analyze the geophysical response characteristics is an effective way to break through the difficult problem of unconventional oil and gas exploration. Based on the actual data of shale gas reservoir, the geological geophysical model is constructed, and the characteristics and regularity of resistivity parameters of the model are studied. Through the analysis of the basic characteristics of shale gas reservoir, the electrical parameters of the reservoir are selected as the research variables. Based on the basic theory of induction logging, the dual induction theory, array induction theory and related induction logging tools are expounded. The application of induction logging in shale gas reservoir is analyzed. In view of the numerical simulation calculation method of induction logging, the partial differential equation of the boundary value problem of Maxwell equations based on electromagnetic induction theorem under Dirichlet condition and the principle of Yee mesh generation are used in this paper. Combined with the principle that the total field is decomposed into the primary background field and the secondary scattering field, the function method is derived to solve the distribution of the primary field. And frequency domain finite difference discrete calculation of quadratic field distribution. The discrete linear equations are calculated by using incomplete Cholesky preprocessing decomposition double conjugate gradient method. In the theory of numerical simulation method, The programming code of induction logging forward algorithm is realized by using MATLAB platform. On the basis of verifying the accuracy of forward algorithm program by homogeneous formation model, the geological body model under different shale gas reservoir geological conditions is studied. By establishing radial and longitudinal models, the effects of mud filtrate, well diameter and invasion zone on the response of induction logging are studied. The analysis shows that the apparent resistivity is positively correlated with the mud filtrate and the resistivity of the intrusive zone. Based on the actual data of shale gas reservoirs in the southern carbonate shale system and Sichuan Basin, the establishment of reservoir resistivity model is expounded, and the model is established according to the electrical characteristics of rocks in Longshan area. The research shows that the induction logging forward modeling can distinguish the shale formation with low resistivity, and the middle and high resistivity shale formation needs to be identified by the logging response of the surrounding formation because of the complexity of organic matter and other components.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P631.81;P618.13

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