本文選題：外浮頂　切入點(diǎn)：儲(chǔ)罐　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球能源需求的日益加重,我國(guó)一直不斷加緊建設(shè)國(guó)家能源儲(chǔ)備庫(kù),其儲(chǔ)備能力將會(huì)達(dá)到百萬(wàn)甚至千萬(wàn)立方米。但是,現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)成品油的儲(chǔ)備能力相對(duì)較弱,而且抵御風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和應(yīng)對(duì)突發(fā)事件的能力也比較薄弱,為此我國(guó)需要建立更大或者更多的儲(chǔ)罐來(lái)提高原油的儲(chǔ)備能力。伴隨著儲(chǔ)罐的大型化趨勢(shì),國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)其設(shè)計(jì)與建造進(jìn)行了越來(lái)越多的研究,也取得了一定的理論科研成果。但是,要實(shí)現(xiàn)十萬(wàn)方儲(chǔ)罐的實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用,現(xiàn)有的研究還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠充實(shí)與完善,需要開(kāi)展更為詳細(xì)的分析研究工作,并為十萬(wàn)方儲(chǔ)罐的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化提供理論支撐。 本文廣泛調(diào)研了國(guó)內(nèi)外大型儲(chǔ)罐的相關(guān)資料,并結(jié)合我國(guó)大型儲(chǔ)罐設(shè)計(jì)與建造的技術(shù)要求,開(kāi)展了10萬(wàn)立方米原油儲(chǔ)罐的設(shè)計(jì)與分析工作,主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面： (1)完成了國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究資料的搜集及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研,并對(duì)目前國(guó)內(nèi)主要的罐區(qū)、大罐設(shè)計(jì)單位、大罐設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和大罐用高強(qiáng)鋼進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的調(diào)研,掌握了目前國(guó)內(nèi)大型浮頂儲(chǔ)罐設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐中結(jié)構(gòu)和尺寸選擇的實(shí)際情況。對(duì)比分析了目前國(guó)內(nèi)外大型油罐材料的選用情況及差異性,并對(duì)其主要差異作出說(shuō)明。 (2)建立了大型儲(chǔ)罐的受力模型,對(duì)罐壁的受力情況及罐壁與罐底連接處的邊緣應(yīng)力進(jìn)行分析。罐壁主要受到儲(chǔ)液靜壓力的作用,此靜壓力呈三角形分布,由上到下逐漸增大,油罐充液以后,罐壁上部在內(nèi)壓作用下沿徑向可以自由變形,但下部在罐壁與罐底連接處,因受到罐底的約束,此處罐壁的徑向位移為零,罐底板有一定的距離離開(kāi)了基礎(chǔ)。給出了罐壁彎曲應(yīng)力、環(huán)向應(yīng)力和罐底彎曲應(yīng)力的計(jì)算公式,為大角焊縫處的有限元分析奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。 (3)采用了美國(guó)石油協(xié)會(huì)的API650標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)大罐的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),給出了焊接、排水、密封以及防腐等結(jié)構(gòu)工藝的具體方案,并針對(duì)儲(chǔ)罐實(shí)際施工時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)工藝的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了分析。 (4)利用ANSYS有限元分析軟件建立罐體模型,對(duì)罐體在水壓試驗(yàn)工況下各部位的應(yīng)力分布進(jìn)行了研究,并討論了邊緣板的內(nèi)伸長(zhǎng)度、外伸長(zhǎng)度、厚度和焊腳高度對(duì)罐體各部位應(yīng)力的影響規(guī)律,給出了經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的設(shè)計(jì)尺寸,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)罐體局部結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。 綜上所述,本文在對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有大型儲(chǔ)罐研究分析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國(guó)10萬(wàn)立方米原油儲(chǔ)罐設(shè)計(jì)與建造的實(shí)際情況,設(shè)計(jì)了10萬(wàn)方的外浮頂罐,并對(duì)其關(guān)鍵部位進(jìn)行了有限元分析,為十萬(wàn)方原油儲(chǔ)罐的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供了可靠的依據(jù),有利于提高我國(guó)成品油的儲(chǔ)備能力。
[Abstract]:With the increasing global energy demand, China has been continuously stepping up the construction of the national energy reserve, and its reserve capacity will reach millions or even ten million cubic meters. However, at the present stage, the reserve capacity of China's refined oil products is relatively weak. Moreover, the ability to resist risks and deal with emergencies is also relatively weak. For this reason, our country needs to build larger or more tanks to improve the reserve capacity of crude oil. With the trend of large-scale storage tanks, Scholars at home and abroad have made more and more research on the design and construction of the tank, and have also made certain theoretical scientific research achievements. However, to realize the practical engineering application of the 100,000 square storage tank, the existing research is far from sufficient and perfect. More detailed analysis and research work is needed to provide theoretical support for structural optimization of 100,000 square storage tanks. In this paper, the relevant data of large storage tanks at home and abroad are extensively investigated, and the design and analysis of 100,000 cubic meters crude oil storage tanks are carried out in combination with the technical requirements for the design and construction of large storage tanks in China, which mainly include the following aspects:. 1) completed the collection and field investigation of relevant research materials at home and abroad, and carried out a detailed investigation on the main domestic tank areas, large tank design units, design standards for large tanks and high strength steel for large tanks. This paper has grasped the actual situation of structure and size selection in the design practice of large floating roof tank at home and abroad, and compared and analyzed the material selection and difference of large oil tank at home and abroad, and explained its main differences. (2) the stress model of large storage tank is established, and the stress situation of tank wall and the edge stress at the junction between tank wall and tank bottom are analyzed. The static pressure of tank wall is mainly affected by the static pressure of storage liquid, which is distributed in triangle, and increases gradually from top to bottom. After filling the tank, the upper part of the tank wall can deform freely along the radial direction under the action of internal pressure, but the lower part of the tank wall is at the junction between the tank wall and the bottom of the tank, because it is constrained by the bottom of the tank, the radial displacement of the tank wall is zero. The calculation formulas of bending stress, circumferential stress and bending stress of tank bottom are given, which lays a theoretical foundation for the finite element analysis of large fillet welds. In this paper, the API650 standard of American Petroleum Association is adopted to design the structure of large tank, and the concrete schemes of welding, drainage, sealing and anticorrosion are given, and the emphases and difficulties of structural process are analyzed in view of the actual construction of storage tank. 4) using ANSYS finite element analysis software, the tank model is established, and the stress distribution of each part of the tank under the condition of hydraulic test is studied, and the extension length and the extension length of the edge plate are discussed. The influence of thickness and welding foot height on the stress of each part of the tank is studied. The economical and reasonable design size is given to realize the optimum design of the local structure of the tank. To sum up, on the basis of the research and analysis of the existing large storage tanks at home and abroad, combined with the actual situation of the design and construction of 100,000 cubic meters crude oil storage tanks in China, a 100,000-square external floating roof tank is designed. The finite element analysis of the key parts provides a reliable basis for the optimal design of 100,000 square crude oil storage tanks and is conducive to improving the reserve capacity of refined oil products in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE972

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本文編號(hào)：1606446