發(fā)布時間：2018-03-07 16:27

  本文選題：低幅度構(gòu)造　切入點：鈣質(zhì)預測　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：對速度的研究一直以來都是地球物理研究的重中之重,速度建場方法的精度直接影響到構(gòu)造成圖的精度,影響圈閉落實,產(chǎn)量分析及區(qū)域的經(jīng)濟價值評估。精確的地層速度在整個勘探開發(fā)的各個環(huán)節(jié)上都有著重要的意義。隨著近些年勘探程度的加深,勘探區(qū)域向更深處及更復雜區(qū)域方向發(fā)展,地震資料采集條件更復雜,地下速度的橫向變化更劇烈,地層速度越來越不容易精確獲取。如何在縱、橫向巖性、礦物變化快、非均質(zhì)性強、構(gòu)造幅度低的區(qū)域獲取較為精確的地震速度場就成了一個至關(guān)重要的問題。恩平凹陷位于南海東部。區(qū)域內(nèi)儲層、蓋層發(fā)育,緊鄰油源,有良好的油氣運移、保存條件。但特殊的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造條件和沉積環(huán)境導致該區(qū)域構(gòu)造幅度低,同時縱、橫向巖性變化快,鈣質(zhì)、灰質(zhì)礦物分布不均勻,導致速度縱、橫向變化都比較劇烈,同時該區(qū)域又處于勘探初期缺少鉆井資料,本次的研究區(qū)域內(nèi)存在三個斷塊,只有4 口探井,使得較為精確的求取速度場充滿了挑戰(zhàn)。本文通過使用疊前深度偏移、標定速度與VSP速度建立速度場、基于層狀模型的常規(guī)變速成圖和基于逐層數(shù)的分析的變速成圖等多種方法,對區(qū)域構(gòu)造進行深度轉(zhuǎn)換及對比分析,提出了一種適用于該區(qū)域的速度分析構(gòu)造研究方法。本文提出了一種速度場校正流程,首先利用VSP速度對疊前時間/深度偏移處理過程中獲取的層析速度縱向趨勢進行校正;再通過地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計學反演結(jié)合測井規(guī)律預測出對速度影響較大的鈣質(zhì)、灰質(zhì)成分的空間分布特征,結(jié)合巖石物理正演分析獲取的井上各種礦物成分含量對速度影響的規(guī)律,對縱向趨勢校正后的速度場進行補償,最終獲得縱、橫向都符合地質(zhì)規(guī)律的速度場。采用以上方法最終獲取的速度場沿井旁道提取層速度曲線在縱向與測井得到的VSP層速度曲線相近,速度的橫向變化也符合區(qū)域地質(zhì)規(guī)律,有利于落實有利儲層中幅度低的構(gòu)造,較清晰的描繪圈閉邊界,為之后的儲量計算和經(jīng)濟前景評估打好基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The study of velocity has always been a top priority in geophysics. The accuracy of the velocity field method has a direct impact on the accuracy of structural mapping and the implementation of traps. Accurate formation velocity is of great significance in all aspects of exploration and development. With the deepening of exploration in recent years, the exploration area develops further and more complex. Seismic data acquisition conditions are more complex, the lateral variation of underground velocity is more intense, the formation velocity is more and more difficult to obtain accurately. Obtaining a more accurate seismic velocity field in a region with low tectonic amplitude has become a crucial problem. Enping Sag is located in the eastern part of the South China Sea. The reservoir in the area is well developed, the cap is developed, the oil source is close to the oil source, and there is good oil and gas migration. Preservation conditions. But the special geological structural conditions and sedimentary environment lead to low tectonic amplitude, at the same time vertical, lateral lithologic changes, calcium, gray mineral distribution is uneven, resulting in the velocity longitudinal, lateral changes are more intense, At the same time, the area is in the early stage of exploration and lack of drilling data. There are three fault blocks and only four exploration wells in this study area, which makes the more accurate velocity field full of challenges. In this paper, prestack depth migration is used. The velocity field is established by calibrating velocity and VSP velocity, the conventional variable velocity mapping based on layered model and variable velocity mapping based on layer by layer number analysis are carried out, and the depth conversion and comparative analysis of regional structures are carried out. In this paper, a velocity field correction process is proposed. Firstly, VSP velocity is used to correct the longitudinal trend of tomography velocity acquired during prestack time / depth migration processing. Then the spatial distribution characteristics of calcareous and gray components, which have a great influence on velocity, are predicted by geostatistical inversion combined with logging law, and the law of the influence of mineral contents on velocity of wells obtained by rock physics forward analysis is analyzed. The velocity field corrected by the longitudinal trend is compensated, and finally the longitudinal velocity field is obtained. The velocity curve obtained by the above method is similar to the velocity curve of VSP layer obtained by logging, and the lateral variation of velocity conforms to the regional geological law. It is propitious to carry out the structure of favorable reservoir with low amplitude and clearly delineate the trapping boundary, which will lay a good foundation for the calculation of reserves and the evaluation of economic prospects.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.13

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 沈洪濤;郭乃川;秦童;于茜;王偉;;地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計學反演技術(shù)在超薄儲層預測中的應用[J];地球物理學進展;2017年01期

2 吳倩;方小宇;王玉;吳玉坤;甘永年;郇金來;;南海A油田珠江組鈣質(zhì)層成因與控制因素分析[J];巖性油氣藏;2016年03期

3 王國光;徐立顯;;地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計學反演在薄砂巖儲層預測中的應用[J];內(nèi)蒙古石油化工;2016年04期

4 韓光明;潘光超;付琛;羅琪;邵遠;汪銳;;含氣儲層及蓋層速度變化對地震響應和AVO類型的影響[J];巖性油氣藏;2016年02期

5 甘永年;楊朝強;吳倩;郇金來;曹陽;;瓊海凸起珠江組儲層微觀特征及對儲層的影響[J];科技通報;2016年01期

6 王代富;;白云凹陷珠江組儲層巖石學特征及其對儲層物性的影響[J];地下水;2016年01期

7 張義;尹艷樹;秦志勇;;地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計學反演在薄砂體儲層預測中的應用[J];斷塊油氣田;2015年05期

8 張國華;張會星;;地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計學反演與常規(guī)反演在儲層預測中的應用效果對比分析[J];中國煤炭地質(zhì);2015年04期

9 姜仁;曾慶才;黃家強;賀佩;胡新海;;基于巖石物理分析的致密砂巖流體檢測方法研究[J];科學技術(shù)與工程;2015年01期

10 姜平;楊朝強;黃國政;李茂文;;文昌油田群珠江組鈣質(zhì)砂巖層發(fā)育規(guī)律研究[J];特種油氣藏;2014年03期

相關(guān)會議論文 前2條

1 孫武亮;;變速構(gòu)造成圖中對速度場校正的分析[A];中國地球物理·2009[C];2009年

2 聶逢君;李思田;解習農(nóng);;珠江口盆地珠三坳陷珠海、珠江組砂巖成分特征及大地構(gòu)造背景探討[A];第四屆全國青年地質(zhì)工作者學術(shù)討論會論文集[C];1999年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前5條

1 張國華;地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計學反演及其在儲層預測中的應用[D];中國海洋大學;2015年

2 易楊;復雜地區(qū)高精度三維速度場的研究及應用[D];長江大學;2015年

3 趙金峰;珠江口盆地白云凹陷東部SB28.4-SB26.5沉積體系分析[D];成都理工大學;2014年

4 吳磊;疊前時間偏移方法研究與應用[D];中國地質(zhì)大學（北京）;2008年

5 王興芝;變速成圖技術(shù)及在南海西部海區(qū)的應用[D];中國海洋大學;2006年

，

本文編號：1580047