發(fā)布時間：2018-03-01 23:14

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 輸氣干線 壓縮機(jī) 穩(wěn)態(tài)仿真 線性逼近法 西氣東輸一線　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來天然氣的開發(fā)和利用呈現(xiàn)快速增長的趨勢,但由于天然氣產(chǎn)地和消費(fèi)地距離通常比較遠(yuǎn),需要建設(shè)大量的長距離輸氣管線以滿足天然氣輸送的需求。長距離氣體管道運(yùn)輸?shù)哪芎馁M(fèi)用是其運(yùn)行總費(fèi)用的主要部分,且管道沿線壓縮機(jī)站有多種組合方式,不同組合方式的壓縮機(jī)能耗有很大的差別。通過合適的優(yōu)化方法找出能耗最小的運(yùn)行方案,對輸氣干線的合理調(diào)度和能源的合理利用有著重要的實(shí)際意義。 具體的研究內(nèi)容和得出的主要結(jié)論如下： (1)針對不同組合方式的輸氣干線壓縮機(jī)站運(yùn)行能耗會有較大差別的特點(diǎn),以管線壓縮機(jī)站能耗最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù),以進(jìn)(分)氣壓力約束、管道壓力降方程、壓縮機(jī)方程、管網(wǎng)流量平衡約束為約束條件,提出優(yōu)化變量,建立帶壓縮機(jī)輸氣干線穩(wěn)態(tài)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型。 (2)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),優(yōu)化模型中的等式約束條件包括穩(wěn)態(tài)仿真的基本方程,所以穩(wěn)態(tài)仿真是輸氣干線穩(wěn)態(tài)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化的基礎(chǔ)和前提。本文采用節(jié)點(diǎn)法建立輸氣管線穩(wěn)態(tài)仿真模型,使用LU分解法和阻尼Newton-Raphson法對穩(wěn)態(tài)仿真計(jì)算模型進(jìn)行求解。將編制的穩(wěn)態(tài)仿真核心程序作為優(yōu)化模型求解的基礎(chǔ)。 (3)輸氣干線穩(wěn)態(tài)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化變量包括連續(xù)型變量和整型離散變量壓縮機(jī)站組合方式。為了對優(yōu)化模型進(jìn)行求解,首先列出離散變量的所有組合方式。在此基礎(chǔ)上,使用線性逼近法對輸氣管線穩(wěn)態(tài)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化模型進(jìn)行求解,線性逼近的過程采用的數(shù)學(xué)方法為單純形法。并針對單純形法頂點(diǎn)可能超出可行域或者偏離原尋優(yōu)方向的問題,將單純形算法進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)。 (4)選擇西氣東輸一線作為本文的研究對象,收集管長、管徑、管道沿線高程、站場布置情況、壓縮機(jī)輸量和管線運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)等資料。壓縮機(jī)各個參數(shù)的特性方程是否正確直接關(guān)系到優(yōu)化計(jì)算的準(zhǔn)確性,因此對西氣東輸一線各壓縮機(jī)運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行擬合,得出各壓縮機(jī)的特性方程。對西氣東輸一線春夏秋冬四個季節(jié)的運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化計(jì)算,得出每個季節(jié)全線壓縮機(jī)能耗最小的最優(yōu)運(yùn)行方案。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development and utilization of natural gas has shown a trend of rapid growth. However, because of the distance between the origin of natural gas and the place of consumption, A large number of long-distance gas pipelines need to be built to meet the needs of natural gas transportation. The energy consumption cost of long distance gas pipeline transportation is the main part of the total operating cost, and there are many combinations of compressor stations along the pipeline. The energy consumption of compressors with different combinations is very different. It is of great practical significance to find out the operation scheme with the least energy consumption through the appropriate optimization method for the rational scheduling of gas transmission trunk lines and the rational utilization of energy sources. The specific contents of the study and the main conclusions reached are as follows:. 1) according to the characteristics of different combinations of gas transmission trunk compressor stations, the operating energy consumption of pipeline compressor stations is different. Taking the minimum energy consumption of pipeline compressor stations as the objective function, the forward (partial) gas pressure constraints, pipeline pressure drop equations, compressor equations, The optimal variables are put forward and the mathematical model of steady operation optimization of gas transmission lines with compressors is established. It is found that the equality constraints in the optimization model include the basic equations of steady-state simulation, so the steady-state simulation is the basis and prerequisite for the optimization of the steady-state operation of the gas trunk line. In this paper, the nodal method is used to establish the steady-state simulation model of the gas pipeline. The steady-state simulation model is solved by using LU decomposition method and damping Newton-Raphson method. The core program of steady-state simulation is used as the basis of solving the optimization model. In order to solve the optimization model, all the combinations of discrete variables are listed first. The linear approximation method is used to solve the steady-state operation optimization model of gas pipeline. The mathematical method used in the process of linear approximation is the simplex method, and aiming at the problem that the vertex of the simplex method may exceed the feasible region or deviate from the original optimization direction, The simplex algorithm is improved. (4) selecting the West to East Gas Transmission Line as the research object of this paper, collecting the pipe length, pipe diameter, the elevation along the pipeline, and the layout of the station yard. Whether the characteristic equation of compressor parameters is correct or not is directly related to the accuracy of optimization calculation, so the operation data of all compressors in the first line of West-to-East gas transmission are fitted. The characteristic equation of each compressor is obtained, and the operation data of four seasons in spring, summer, autumn and winter are optimized and calculated, and the optimal operation scheme of the compressor with minimum energy consumption in each season is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE832

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