本文關(guān)鍵詞： 多臂井徑儀 電磁探傷 位移傳感器　出處：《西安石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：套管損壞會(huì)直接影響到油氣井的生產(chǎn)與開(kāi)發(fā),開(kāi)展套損檢測(cè)工作勢(shì)在必行。通過(guò)套損檢測(cè)技術(shù)可以得到較為全面的套管技術(shù)狀況,有助于開(kāi)展套管損傷修復(fù)和預(yù)防工作,這對(duì)油田開(kāi)發(fā)及穩(wěn)產(chǎn)有著重要的作用。本文通過(guò)分析電磁法和機(jī)械法在套損檢測(cè)工程應(yīng)用的優(yōu)劣和儀器工作原理,提出二者組合的檢測(cè)方法,一次下井就能夠獲得大量套損信息。論文研究了系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案以及兩只儀器結(jié)合后的數(shù)據(jù)融合上傳機(jī)制,重點(diǎn)研究了多臂井徑儀套管探傷系統(tǒng)。對(duì)井徑儀探頭的探測(cè)性能進(jìn)行了研究,研制了井徑儀相關(guān)電路及相應(yīng)軟件,并對(duì)井下系統(tǒng)各個(gè)電路模塊進(jìn)行了調(diào)試,研究設(shè)計(jì)了井徑儀上位機(jī)軟件系統(tǒng)。在對(duì)套管探傷信號(hào)特征分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出一種基于小波分析的地面解釋方法。首先介紹本課題的背景和意義,以及國(guó)內(nèi)、國(guó)外的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。然后對(duì)套管損傷檢測(cè)方法理論及系統(tǒng)要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能和性能進(jìn)行分析,提出將電磁探傷儀與井徑儀組合測(cè)井方法。設(shè)計(jì)了基于RS485總線的井下數(shù)據(jù)融合電路及通訊協(xié)議,利用電容耦合方式完成井下至井上的數(shù)據(jù)遙傳。研究設(shè)計(jì)了井徑儀核心部件差動(dòng)變壓器式位移傳感器。設(shè)計(jì)了以ADUC832為核心的探頭激勵(lì)電路,信號(hào)接收調(diào)理電路及A/D采集電路。利用平衡電橋原理設(shè)計(jì)了溫度測(cè)量電路。使用KEIL軟件完成了井徑儀井下系統(tǒng)硬件電路的程序設(shè)計(jì)。應(yīng)用LABVIEW編寫(xiě)了多臂井徑儀上位機(jī)軟件,以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)采集數(shù)據(jù)的顯示和成像,得到可見(jiàn)具體的套損情況。研究了組合式套管探傷信號(hào)的特征,提出了基于小波多分辨率分析的信號(hào)突變點(diǎn)檢測(cè),研究了實(shí)現(xiàn)突變點(diǎn)檢測(cè)的算法流程,對(duì)測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用小波分析,以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)測(cè)井信號(hào)的解釋。采用含有突變點(diǎn)的兩類(lèi)信號(hào)來(lái)模擬探傷信號(hào),并將其在MATLAB的小波GUI中導(dǎo)入進(jìn)行小波多分辨率分析仿真,結(jié)果表明小波分析對(duì)突變點(diǎn)檢測(cè)是行之有效的。在理論研究和井下系統(tǒng)研制的基礎(chǔ)上,最后對(duì)井下各個(gè)電路模塊進(jìn)行了調(diào)試,驗(yàn)證了設(shè)計(jì)的可行性。本文研究的理論和試驗(yàn)成果可以為井徑和電磁組合式套管系統(tǒng)的研制提供重要的技術(shù)參考。
[Abstract]:Casing damage will directly affect the production and development of oil and gas wells, so it is imperative to carry out casing damage detection. Through casing damage detection technology, a more comprehensive casing technical situation can be obtained, which is helpful to carry out casing damage repair and prevention work. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of electromagnetic method and mechanical method in casing damage detection engineering and the working principle of instrument, this paper puts forward the combined detection method of the two methods. A large amount of casing damage information can be obtained from a single downhole. This paper studies the overall design scheme of the system and the data fusion and uploading mechanism of the two instruments. In this paper, the casing flaw detection system of Dobby caliper is mainly studied. The detection performance of the probe is studied. The related circuits and corresponding software are developed, and the various circuit modules of downhole system are debugged. This paper studies and designs the upper computer software system of the well diameter instrument. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of casing flaw detection signal, a ground interpretation method based on wavelet analysis is proposed. Firstly, the background and significance of this subject, as well as the domestic, are introduced. Then the theory of casing damage detection method and the function and performance of the system are analyzed. The method of combining electromagnetic flaw detector and well diameter instrument is put forward, and the downhole data fusion circuit and communication protocol based on RS485 bus are designed. The remote transmission of data from downhole to well is accomplished by means of capacitive coupling. The differential transformer displacement sensor, which is the core component of the well diameter instrument, is studied and designed. A probe excitation circuit with ADUC832 as the core is designed. The signal receiving and conditioning circuit and the A / D acquisition circuit are used to design the temperature measuring circuit. The temperature measuring circuit is designed by using the balance bridge principle. The hardware circuit of the downhole system is designed by using KEIL software. The upper computer software of the Dobby caliper is programmed by using LABVIEW. In order to display and image the collected data and obtain the visible and concrete casing damage, the characteristics of the combined casing flaw detection signal are studied, and the detection of the abrupt point of the signal based on wavelet multi-resolution analysis is proposed. The algorithm flow of abrupt point detection is studied. Wavelet analysis is applied to the measurement data to realize the interpretation of logging signal. Two kinds of signals with catastrophe point are used to simulate the flaw detection signal. The simulation results show that wavelet analysis is effective for the detection of mutation points. Based on the theoretical research and the development of underground system, the wavelet multi-resolution analysis simulation is carried out in the wavelet GUI of MATLAB, and the simulation results show that the wavelet analysis is effective for the detection of mutation points. Finally, every circuit module is debugged and the feasibility of the design is verified. The theoretical and experimental results of this paper can provide an important technical reference for the development of the well diameter and electromagnetic combined casing system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE931.2

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