本文關(guān)鍵詞： 金屬材料 腐蝕失重 電化學(xué)測(cè)試 應(yīng)力腐蝕 緩蝕效率 涂層　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著原油開(kāi)采的深度不斷加深,原油資源向劣質(zhì)化方向發(fā)展,它的比重、粘度、硫和重金屬含量都有不同程度的增加,對(duì)煉油企業(yè)的設(shè)備造成嚴(yán)重的腐蝕,影響煉油企業(yè)安全生產(chǎn),引起經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。當(dāng)加工含硫原油,催化裂化,常減壓蒸餾和加氫精制等過(guò)程,會(huì)生成一些腐蝕性物質(zhì),例如:氯化銨與硫氫化銨。由于缺乏設(shè)備的材料選擇,缺少操作經(jīng)驗(yàn)和其他因素的影響,煉油廠的加氫污水單元、非加氫污水單元和溶劑再生單元的腐蝕問(wèn)題日益突出,是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。因此,研究金屬材料的耐蝕性能具有十分重大的意義,其研究結(jié)果可為煉油廠在設(shè)備選材,緩蝕劑的添加等方面提供參考。1.研究六種金屬材料在六種介質(zhì)中的腐蝕情況,采用腐蝕電化學(xué)方法和腐蝕失重試驗(yàn)法測(cè)試了六種金屬材料(A3、304、321、316L、2520、0Cr13)在六種介質(zhì)(加氫污水、新鮮溶劑、加氫貧液、加氫富液、非加氫貧液、非加氫富液)中的腐蝕速率,研究結(jié)果表明:六種金屬材料在各種介質(zhì)中,對(duì)它們的耐蝕能力排序大致為:2520321304316L0Cr13、A3;對(duì)于加氫污水,在30℃至90℃,A3、316L、321和0Cr13的腐蝕速率隨著溫度的升高呈直線上升;在50℃以內(nèi),304的腐蝕速率上升的比較緩慢,在50℃至90℃上升較快;2520的腐蝕速率隨著溫度的升高呈三次函數(shù)的趨勢(shì)。2.采用拉伸試驗(yàn)研究了六種金屬材料在加氫污水介質(zhì)中的應(yīng)力腐蝕情況,其研究結(jié)果表明:2520具有較低的應(yīng)力腐蝕敏感性。3.采用腐蝕電化學(xué)方法研究4種緩蝕劑(緩A:TH-AC10,緩B:HB-AZ,緩C:691-1 57C,緩D:693-1 GE57C)在六種介質(zhì)中對(duì)A3碳鋼的緩蝕效率,其研究結(jié)果表明:在加氫污水介質(zhì)中,可使用緩蝕劑B或緩蝕劑D作為工業(yè)緩蝕劑;在新鮮溶劑介質(zhì)中,可使用緩蝕劑C或緩蝕劑D作為工業(yè)緩蝕劑;在加氫貧液介質(zhì)中,可使用緩蝕劑C作為工業(yè)緩蝕劑;在加氫富液介質(zhì)中建議采用其他緩蝕劑;在非加氫貧液介質(zhì)中,可使用緩蝕劑D作為工業(yè)緩蝕劑;在非加氫富液介質(zhì)中,4種緩蝕劑的緩蝕效率都不理想,建議采用其他緩蝕劑。也采用了化學(xué)浸泡法研究了14種涂層在六種介質(zhì)中耐蝕性能,其研究結(jié)果表明:在加氫污水介質(zhì)中,可使用用奶黃氯磺化、環(huán)氧鐵紅、環(huán)氧煤瀝青與475℃高溫漆作為防護(hù)涂層;在新鮮溶劑中,可使用475℃高溫漆、環(huán)氧紅丹底漆、富鋅環(huán)氧作為防護(hù)涂層;在加氫貧液中,可使用475℃高溫漆、環(huán)氧中灰作為防護(hù)涂層;在加氫富液中,可使用475℃高溫漆、富鋅環(huán)氧作為防護(hù)涂層;在非加氫貧液中,可使用475℃高溫漆、富鋅環(huán)氧、環(huán)氧中灰作為防護(hù)涂層;在非加氫富液中,可使用475℃高溫漆、環(huán)氧中灰、富鋅環(huán)氧、環(huán)氧紅丹底漆作為防護(hù)涂層。
[Abstract]:As the depth of crude oil production deepens, crude oil resources develop in the direction of inferior quality. Its specific gravity, viscosity, sulfur and heavy metal contents all increase to varying degrees, causing serious corrosion to the equipment of oil refining enterprises. Affecting the production safety of oil refining enterprises and causing economic losses. When processing sulfur-containing crude oil, catalytic cracking, atmospheric and vacuum distillation and hydrofining, some corrosive substances will be produced. For example, ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphide. Due to a lack of material selection for equipment, lack of operational experience and other factors, corrosion problems of hydrotreated sewage units, non-hydrogenated sewage units and solvent regeneration units in refineries have become increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the corrosion resistance of metal materials. 1. The corrosion of six kinds of metal materials in six kinds of media was studied. The corrosion electrochemical method and the corrosion weightlessness test method were used to test the corrosion of six metal materials (hydrogenation sewage, fresh solvent) in six kinds of medium (hydrogenation sewage, fresh solvent). The corrosion rate in hydrogenation lean liquid, hydrogenation rich liquid, non-hydrogenation lean liquid, non-hydrogenation rich liquid). The results show that the corrosion resistance of six kinds of metal materials in various media is approximately: 1: 2520321304316L0Cr13A3; for hydrogenated sewage, the corrosion resistance of six kinds of metal materials is approximately: 2520321304316L0Cr13A3. At 30 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1533919