發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-22 23:04

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 相對(duì)供氫能力 供氫降黏改質(zhì) 改質(zhì)效果 添加劑　出處：《中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：與常規(guī)原油相比,劣質(zhì)重質(zhì)原油流變性差、高黏、高金屬、高瀝青質(zhì)含量,使開采、集輸和后續(xù)加工都面臨很大挑戰(zhàn)。有效降黏改質(zhì)技術(shù)是這類稠油集輸與加工的迫切需求。供氫熱降黏改質(zhì)技術(shù)通過(guò)內(nèi)部供氫餾分循環(huán)有效抑制瀝青質(zhì)締合生焦,提高改質(zhì)深度,已發(fā)展成重要的稠油降黏改質(zhì)技術(shù)。本研究針對(duì)該技術(shù)對(duì)油砂瀝青供氫降黏改質(zhì)適應(yīng)性、供氫餾分選擇和瀝青質(zhì)締合抑制劑的作用開展研究,為油砂瀝青降黏改質(zhì)技術(shù)開發(fā)奠定基礎(chǔ)。本文首先對(duì)油砂瀝青進(jìn)行蒸餾切割和系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià);在掌握其物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)的基礎(chǔ)上針對(duì)油砂瀝青沸程420 oC減壓渣油進(jìn)行熱降黏改質(zhì)研究;用化學(xué)探針?lè)ㄟx取了HDA,HDB和HDC三種供氫餾分油,分別考察供氫餾分循環(huán)熱降黏改質(zhì)效果;探討了供氫餾分供氫能力與油砂瀝青降黏改質(zhì)效果的關(guān)系;確定了供氫熱改質(zhì)最佳工藝條件;并用遼河特稠油驗(yàn)證了供氫降黏改質(zhì)效果。此外,考察了三種添加劑,瀝青質(zhì)締合抑制劑(PET-370),膠溶穩(wěn)定劑(PET-380)和結(jié)焦抑制劑(PET-395)對(duì)減壓渣油熱降黏改質(zhì)效果的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:1)摻煉相對(duì)供氫能力較強(qiáng)的餾分油HDB可以使得生成油的黏度和密度降低明顯,中間餾分油產(chǎn)率增加;2)在改質(zhì)過(guò)程中,以生焦誘導(dǎo)期為轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn),生成油的黏度和密度呈現(xiàn)先迅速下降后緩慢下降甚至上升的趨勢(shì),穩(wěn)定性也下降;3)油砂瀝青420oC減壓渣油在循環(huán)供氫餾分油HDB(5 wt%)、420 oC和反應(yīng)時(shí)間10 min的條件下,降黏改質(zhì)效果最佳;4)遼河特稠油拔頭油最佳改質(zhì)條件為:改質(zhì)溫度420 oC、反應(yīng)時(shí)間30 min、供氫餾分DA循環(huán)量為5 wt%,或者428 oC、30 min,DA循環(huán)量為10 wt%。三種添加劑對(duì)瀝青質(zhì)締合聚沉都有抑制作用,其中PET-395抑制率達(dá)到33.8%,最佳添加量為200μg/g。PET-395在410 oC,420 oC和425 oC三個(gè)溫度下,有效作用時(shí)間分別為21 min,15 min和7 min。供氫餾分油HDB與PET-395有協(xié)同效應(yīng),在確保改質(zhì)油安定性前提下,可以提高反應(yīng)苛刻度,從而有效降黏改質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:Compared with conventional crude oil, inferior heavy crude oil has poor rheological properties, high viscosity, high metal content, and high asphaltene content, so that it can be exploited. Gathering and transportation and subsequent processing are all facing great challenges. Effective viscosity reduction and upgrading technology is an urgent need for gathering, transportation and processing of this kind of heavy oil. Hydrogen supply heat viscosity reduction modification technology effectively inhibits asphaltene association coking through internal hydrogen supply fraction cycle and improves the modification depth. It has been developed into an important viscous oil viscosity reduction and upgrading technology. In this study, the effects of this technology on the adaptation of oil sand asphalt to hydrogen viscosity reduction, selection of hydrogen supply fractions and asphaltene association inhibitor were studied. In this paper, firstly, distillation cutting and systematic evaluation of oil sand asphalt are carried out, based on the physical and chemical properties of oil sand asphalt, thermal viscosity reduction and modification of oil sand asphalt boiling range 420 oC vacuum residuum are studied. Three kinds of hydrogen supplying distillates, HDA-HDB and HDC, were selected by chemical probe method to investigate the heat viscosity reduction and upgrading effect of hydrogen supply fraction cycle, and the relationship between hydrogen supplying capacity and viscosity reduction and upgrading effect of oil sand asphalt was discussed. The optimum technological conditions of hydrogen supplying and heat upgrading were determined, and the effect of hydrogen supply on viscosity reduction and upgrading was verified by Liaohe extra heavy oil. In addition, three additives were investigated. The effects of asphaltene association inhibitor (PET-370) and colloid stabilizer (PET-380) and coking inhibitor (PET-395) on the thermal viscosity reduction of vacuum residuum were studied. The experimental results showed that the addition of fraction HDB, which has relatively strong hydrogen supplying ability, could make the viscosity of the produced oil. And the density decreased significantly, The yield of intermediate distillate oil increased in the process of upgrading. The viscosity and density of the produced oil decreased rapidly first and then decreased slowly and even increased gradually, when the coking induction period was taken as the turning point. The stability of oil sand asphalt 420oC vacuum residuum was also decreased under the condition of circulating hydrogen supply fraction oil HDB(5 420oC and reaction time 10 min. The optimum modification conditions of Liaohe extra heavy oil are as follows: modification temperature 420 OC, reaction time 30 min, hydrogen supply fraction DA cycle 5 wtt, or 428oC + 30 min DA cycle 10 wt.The three additives are associated with asphaltene. All of them have an inhibitory effect. The inhibition rate of PET-395 reached 33.8, the optimum addition amount was 200 渭 g / g 路PET-395 at 410oC 420oC and 425oC, the effective reaction time was 21 min 15 min and 7 min respectively. The hydrogen distillate HDB had synergistic effect with PET-395. Can improve the severity of the reaction, thereby effectively reducing viscosity and quality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE624.3

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