發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-13 08:43

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 暗渠 輸油管道 泄漏和蒸氣云爆炸 數(shù)值模擬 事故后果評(píng)價(jià)　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國城鎮(zhèn)化快速推進(jìn),城市地下管道呈現(xiàn)規(guī)模龐大、構(gòu)成復(fù)雜、縱橫交錯(cuò)等特點(diǎn)。全國各地的管道泄漏和爆炸事故呈逐年增長(zhǎng)的態(tài)勢(shì)。由于缺乏對(duì)地下暗渠內(nèi)管道泄漏和爆炸事故規(guī)律的研究,事故后的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)救援和調(diào)查分析較難開展。 本文采用理論研究和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)暗渠內(nèi)輸油管道的泄漏、油品蒸發(fā)和爆炸過程進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)研究,并以“11·22”中石化東黃輸油管道泄漏爆炸事故為案例,詳細(xì)分析了輸油管道泄漏失效原因、事故后果類型、泄漏量影響因素,研究油品泄漏量計(jì)算模型。針對(duì)溢油在水面的液池?cái)U(kuò)展和蒸發(fā)過程進(jìn)行分析,定量計(jì)算暗渠溢油擴(kuò)展面積和蒸發(fā)率。建立了密閉空間內(nèi)可燃?xì)怏w爆炸數(shù)值模型,應(yīng)用流體力學(xué)軟件對(duì)暗渠內(nèi)蒸氣云爆炸的傳播過程進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,討論了爆炸過程中湍流火焰?zhèn)鞑ズ蛪毫Σㄗ兓^程。對(duì)蒸氣云爆炸事故后果類型和評(píng)價(jià)模型進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)分析,采用TNT和TNO相結(jié)合、TNO和概率方程相結(jié)合兩種方法確定事故影響范圍。編制了輸油管道泄漏后果定量分析軟件,以“11·22”事故為案例,定量計(jì)算事故過程中油品泄漏量、蒸發(fā)量以及事故影響范圍。計(jì)算得到泄漏量為2008t,TNT-TNO法計(jì)算死亡半徑為61.5m,財(cái)產(chǎn)損失半徑為34.7m,TNO-概率方程法計(jì)算超壓傷害半徑1.9m,死亡半徑109m。通過與政府事故調(diào)查報(bào)告對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了模型的準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, underground pipelines in cities have a large scale and complex composition. The pipeline leakage and explosion accidents in various parts of the country are increasing year by year. Due to the lack of research on the rules of pipeline leakage and explosion accidents in underground canal, it is difficult to carry out the rescue and investigation and analysis on the spot after the accident. In this paper, the leakage, evaporation and explosion process of oil pipeline in the dark canal are studied systematically by the method of combining theoretical research and numerical simulation. The case of "11 路22" Donghuang oil pipeline leakage explosion accident is taken as an example. In this paper, the causes of oil pipeline leakage failure, the type of accident consequence, the factors influencing the leakage amount, the calculation model of oil product leakage volume are analyzed in detail, and the process of oil spill expansion and evaporation on the water surface is analyzed. The numerical model of combustible gas explosion in the airtight space is established, and the propagation process of vapor cloud explosion in the canal is simulated by using the hydrodynamic software, which is used to calculate quantitatively the spread area and evaporation rate of oil spill in the culvert, and a numerical model of the explosion of combustible gas in the airtight space is established. The process of turbulent flame propagation and pressure wave variation during explosion is discussed. The type of accident consequence and evaluation model of vapor cloud explosion are systematically analyzed. TNT and TNO combined with probability equation are used to determine the influence range of the accident. A quantitative analysis software for oil pipeline leakage consequences is developed. Taking the case of "11 路22" accident as a case, the quantity of oil leakage in the accident process is quantitatively calculated. Evaporation and accident influence range. The calculated leakage amount is 2008t TNT-TNO method, the radius of death is 61.5m, the radius of property loss is 34.7 mTNO- probability equation method, the radius of overpressure injury is 1.9m, the radius of death is 109m.Through comparing with the investigation report of government accident, The veracity of the model is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE88

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本文編號(hào)：1507760