本文關(guān)鍵詞： 微球乳液 性能測(cè)試 機(jī)理研究 油藏適應(yīng)性 參數(shù)優(yōu)化　出處：《長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：文25東塊屬高溫、高礦化度、高鈣鎂、強(qiáng)非均質(zhì)油藏。其調(diào)剖增產(chǎn)主力油層為開(kāi)發(fā)條件較好的一類(lèi)和二類(lèi)儲(chǔ)層,該儲(chǔ)層目前已進(jìn)入特高含水期。為綜合提高特高含水期油藏的采收率,中原油田開(kāi)發(fā)了復(fù)配低張力表面活性劑的凝膠微球乳液驅(qū)油體系。該體系可以綜合發(fā)揮各組成部分在“調(diào)”和“驅(qū)”方面的貢獻(xiàn),是一種高性能的驅(qū)油體系。微球乳液性能測(cè)試是通過(guò)激光粒度儀、掃描電鏡觀(guān)測(cè)體系中微球粒徑、粒徑分布隨外部條件變化的規(guī)律。其測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,聚合物微球隨著溶脹時(shí)間增大,先迅速膨脹然后膨脹減緩,近30天內(nèi)膨脹到幾百納米并且比較穩(wěn)定；膨脹倍數(shù)在10倍以上；微球粒徑具有較好的耐鹽性和耐溫性。從微觀(guān)、橫向單管非均質(zhì)和二維平板3個(gè)方面驗(yàn)證微球乳液驅(qū)油機(jī)理,其驅(qū)油機(jī)理為：聚合物微球是一個(gè)彈性球體,粒徑小,遇水膨脹,依靠架橋和膨脹作用在地層孔喉處進(jìn)行堵塞,當(dāng)大尺寸微球形成架橋后,較小尺寸的微球在架橋形成的小孔道上進(jìn)行嵌入和堵塞,依靠聚合物微球的彈性和塑性,發(fā)生強(qiáng)有力的拉筋作用,加強(qiáng)了楔塞的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度,形成牢固的移動(dòng)困難的的塞狀墊層,達(dá)到封堵的目的,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)注入水微觀(guān)改向,與此同時(shí),隨著注入微球量增多,微球之間發(fā)生膨脹和擠壓,緩慢流入孔道,并可以“清除”少量剩余油,當(dāng)微球超過(guò)其彈性形變后,隨著注入水流出,隨著重復(fù)循環(huán)作用,通過(guò)暫堵、變形、運(yùn)移、再暫堵、再變形、再運(yùn)移等不斷重復(fù)過(guò)程的機(jī)理起調(diào)驅(qū)作用,因此微球具有“注得進(jìn)、堵得住、能移動(dòng)”的特點(diǎn)。微球乳液的油藏適應(yīng)性研究從不同體系、非均質(zhì)性以及非均質(zhì)與均質(zhì)對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)等3各方面展開(kāi),對(duì)比單注微球、單注表活劑、低張力微球乳液體系、微球與表活劑交替注入的注入性和驅(qū)油效率,而采用微球乳液和表活劑1：1交替注入采收率增值最高,因此,采用微球乳液和表活劑1：1交替注入體系更適應(yīng)于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)油藏。與此同時(shí),非均質(zhì)采用1：1.1、1：1.5、1：2.5、1：4、1：6等5個(gè)滲透率極差的雙管模型實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)研究油藏非均質(zhì)性,結(jié)果表明,在滲透率極差較小時(shí),聚合物微球乳液體系主要以“調(diào)”為主,“驅(qū)”為輔的方式；而在滲透率極差不斷增大,驅(qū)油方式有向“驅(qū)”為主“調(diào)”為輔的方式轉(zhuǎn)變。將非均質(zhì)微小、小、中、大、極大等極差雙管驅(qū)油實(shí)驗(yàn)與均質(zhì)條件300mD、500mD、800mD單管驅(qū)油實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明,該微球乳液更適應(yīng)于非均質(zhì)油藏。為了方便注入?yún)?shù)的優(yōu)化,首先確定注劑后老化時(shí)間,分別對(duì)比老化12h、24h、48h等3個(gè)老化時(shí)間的注入性和驅(qū)油效率,結(jié)果確定老化24h為最佳注劑后老化時(shí)間：段塞優(yōu)選從段塞注入量(O.3PV,0.5PV,0.7PV,1PV)和段塞組合(聚合物微球和表活劑比例為1：1、2：1、1：2、1：1：1：1)兩方面進(jìn)行優(yōu)選,結(jié)果表明,采用段塞注入量0.5PV和段塞比組合為為1：1為最佳段塞；對(duì)比4種注入速度(0.3ml/min、 0.5ml/min、1ml/min、2ml/min)進(jìn)行驅(qū)油實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明采用0.5ml/min為最佳注入速度；在最佳段塞、速度條件下,改變流度控制劑(微球)濃度(0.3%、0.5%、0.7%),表活劑濃度0.3%不變1：1交替注,結(jié)果表明,使用0.5%微球?yàn)樽罴盐⑶蛉橐鹤⑷霛舛取?br/>[Abstract]:Wen 25 east block is a high temperature, high salinity, high calcium and magnesium, strong heterogeneous reservoir. The main reservoir for the production profile better developed a class and two types of reservoir, the reservoir has entered extra high water cut period. For EOR in high water cut stage reservoir, gel microsphere emulsion the development of Zhongyuan Oilfield was low tension surfactant flooding system. This system can combine each component in the "modification" and "drive" contribution, is a kind of high performance oil displacement system. The performance of microsphere emulsion testing by laser particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscope observation system in particle size. The law of particle size distribution changes with the external conditions. The test results show that the polymer microspheres with swelling time increasing, the rapid expansion and expansion to slow down, nearly 30 days expanded to several hundred nanometers and relatively stable; the expansion ratio of more than 10 times; micro particle size Has good salt resistance and temperature resistance. From the microscopic, single transverse heterogeneity and plane 3 aspects to verify the microsphere emulsion flooding mechanism, the flooding mechanism is that polymer microspheres is an elastic sphere, small particle size, water swelling, congestion and expansion depend on bridging role in the formation of pore throat where, when large size microspheres were formed after the bridge, the small size of the microspheres in bridging the formation of small hole embedding and blocking, depending on the polymer microspheres of elastic and plastic, has strong reinforcement effect, enhance the mechanical strength of the wedge, the formation of strong hard plug cushion, reach closure in order to achieve the objective, the injected water micro change direction, at the same time, with the injection of microspheres increased, expansion and extrusion occurred between the microspheres, slowly flow into the channel, and can be "clear" a small amount of residual oil, more than its elastic deformation when microspheres, with injection Flowing into the water, with repeated cycles, through temporary plugging, deformation, migration, and temporary plugging, and deformation mechanism and migration process of repeated flooding, so microspheres have "inject, stop, move". The characteristics of reservoir adaptability of microspheres from different emulsion system, heterogeneity and the heterogeneous and homogeneous contrast experiment, 3 aspects, compared with a single injection of a single injection of microspheres, surface active agent, low tension microsphere emulsion system, microspheres and surfactant alternating injection and oil displacement efficiency, and the use of microsphere emulsion and surfactant 1:1 alternating injection oil recovery increment highest. Therefore, the microsphere emulsion and surfactant 1:1 alternating injection system is more suitable for the reservoir. At the same time, to study the heterogeneity of reservoir heterogeneity using the experimental model of 5 1:1.1,1:1.5,1:2.5,1:4,1:6 Double Permeability poor results, In the range of low permeability, polymer microspheres emulsion system mainly to "tune", "drive" the auxiliary way; the increase in permeability is poor, flooding has changed to "drive" "" auxiliary way. Heterogeneous small, small, large, very large range of double oil displacement experiment conditions and homogeneous 300mD, 500mD, 800mD single tube displacement experiment were compared, results show that the microsphere emulsion is more suitable for the heterogeneous reservoir. In order to optimize the convenient injection parameters of the first determine the aging time after injection, respectively 24h, 48h and 12h aging, the aging time of the 3 injection and flooding the efficiency of oil, aging aging time for 24h results to determine the best injection agent: slug optimization from slug injection volume (O.3PV, 0.5PV, 0.7PV, 1PV) and slug combination (polymer and surfactant ratio of 1:1,2:1,1:2,1:1:1:1) two aspects of optimization,. The results show that the slug injection 0.5PV and slug combination for 1:1 is the best slug; a comparison of 4 injection rate (0.3ml/min, 0.5ml/min, 1ml/min, 2ml/min) flooding experiment, the results show that the 0.5ml/min injection rate is the best; in the best slug velocity condition, change the mobility control agent (microspheres (0.3%) concentration, 0.5%, 0.7%), surfactant concentration of 0.3% 1:1 constant alternating injection, the results show that the use of 0.5% microspheres as the best concentration of emulsion microspheres.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE39

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