本文關(guān)鍵詞： 閥門 開度 數(shù)值模擬 油水環(huán)狀流　出處：《廣州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：油水環(huán)狀流主要應(yīng)用于稠油的長距離管道輸送方面,可以很好的解決稠油因?yàn)檎扯冗^大而產(chǎn)生的流動(dòng)性差、輸送過程中壓降過大的問題,且投入小、效果明顯,但穩(wěn)定性較差,在管道輸送過程中通過閥門后易產(chǎn)生漩渦、射流等現(xiàn)象,使流型遭到破壞,嚴(yán)重影響輸送效率。因此,本論文對(duì)油水環(huán)狀流通過不同的閥門開度后的流動(dòng)規(guī)律展開研究,為稠油的穩(wěn)定輸送的參數(shù)選擇提供依據(jù)。本文主要研究對(duì)象是油水環(huán)狀流,通過數(shù)值模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究相結(jié)合的方法探究其通過不同開度的閥門時(shí)所受到的擾動(dòng),對(duì)模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)了油水環(huán)狀流通過不同開度的閥門后管道內(nèi)部流動(dòng)參數(shù)的變化規(guī)律。具體內(nèi)容如下:(1)利用流體仿真軟件Fluent基于VOF多相流模型耦合Level Set算法和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)k-?湍流模型,針對(duì)閥門開度對(duì)油水環(huán)狀流的影響進(jìn)行了瞬態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)值模擬,得到不同開度下的流動(dòng)變化情況;(2)針對(duì)模擬的工況進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,利用高速攝像機(jī)拍攝流型,同時(shí)獲得了不同開度下閥門前后的壓力差和流量變化數(shù)據(jù),與模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)誤差在允許范圍內(nèi),驗(yàn)證了數(shù)值模擬的準(zhǔn)確性;(3)分別分析了不同閥門開度和不同流速對(duì)油水環(huán)狀流的流動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)閥門開度30%時(shí)對(duì)管道沖蝕最嚴(yán)重,漩渦最強(qiáng)烈;總結(jié)了油水環(huán)狀流通過閥門時(shí)的流動(dòng)演化規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)閥門開度達(dá)到40%以前,隨著開度增加漩渦逐漸靠近閥芯,而在40%以后,漩渦則開始遠(yuǎn)離閥芯;(4)對(duì)不同開度下截面上油相體積分?jǐn)?shù)的變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)在閥門開度30%時(shí)油相體積分?jǐn)?shù)達(dá)到最大;對(duì)不同流速下的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)油相流速達(dá)到2.06m/s時(shí),其體積分?jǐn)?shù)達(dá)到最大;(5)對(duì)管道壁面的粘附距離分析發(fā)現(xiàn)油相流速在1.2m/s時(shí)最容易粘附,且粘度越大越容易粘附在壁面上,而增大流速會(huì)降低粘度對(duì)粘附距離的影響;(6)對(duì)油水環(huán)狀流的動(dòng)態(tài)模擬發(fā)現(xiàn),增大閥門開啟速度,有利于改善閥后流場,但同時(shí)也會(huì)增大開啟阻力。
[Abstract]:The oil-water annular flow is mainly used in the long distance pipeline transportation of heavy oil, which can solve the problem of poor fluidity of heavy oil due to excessive viscosity, too large pressure drop in the transportation process, and small investment, the effect is obvious. But the stability is poor, after passing through the valve in the pipeline easy to produce swirl, jet and other phenomena, so that the flow pattern is destroyed, seriously affect the transport efficiency. In this paper, the flow law of oil-water annular flow through different valve opening degree is studied to provide the basis for the parameter selection of heavy oil stable transportation. The main research object of this paper is oil-water annular flow. Through the combination of numerical simulation and experimental research, the disturbance of the valve with different opening was investigated, and the simulation results were analyzed. The variation of internal flow parameters of oil-water annular flow through the valve with different opening is summarized. The specific contents are as follows: 1). Using fluid simulation software Fluent to couple Level Set algorithm and standard k-model based on VOF multiphase flow model. The transient and dynamic numerical simulation of the effect of valve opening on the oil-water annular flow is carried out to obtain the flow change under different opening. The flow pattern was captured by high speed camera, and the pressure difference and flow rate data before and after the valve were obtained at the same time, and the results were compared with the simulation results. The detection error is within the allowable range, which verifies the accuracy of the numerical simulation. The influence of different valve opening and different flow velocity on the flow structure of oil-water annular flow is analyzed respectively. It is found that the valve opening 30 is the most serious erosion and the strongest swirl. The evolution law of the oil-water annular flow through the valve is summarized. It is found that before the valve opening reaches 40%, the swirl gradually approaches the valve core with the increase of opening, and after 40%, the swirl begins to be far away from the valve core. (4) the variation law of the oil phase volume fraction on the cross section under different opening degree is analyzed. It is found that the oil phase volume fraction reaches the maximum when the valve opening is 30; It is found that when the flow rate of oil phase reaches 2.06 m / s, the volume fraction of the oil phase reaches the maximum. 5) the analysis of the adhesion distance on the pipe wall shows that the oil phase flow rate is 1.2 m / s, and the higher the viscosity is, the easier it is to adhere to the wall surface, and the higher the flow rate is, the lower the effect of viscosity on the adhesion distance is. 6) dynamic simulation of oil-water annular flow shows that increasing the valve opening speed is beneficial to improve the flow field behind the valve, but it also increases the opening resistance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TE832

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