本文關(guān)鍵詞： 甲醇汽油 穩(wěn)定性 腐蝕 添加劑　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：進(jìn)入二十一世紀(jì)以來(lái),我國(guó)面臨日益嚴(yán)重的能源問(wèn)題。為了緩解能源供給壓力,世界能源研究機(jī)構(gòu)都積極尋找清潔友好的替代能源。甲醇作為一種性能優(yōu)越的新能源,越來(lái)越受到人們的關(guān)注。本論文通過(guò)大量的甲醇汽油實(shí)驗(yàn)和研究,確定了效果很好的添加劑,配制出穩(wěn)定性能好,清潔高效的中比例甲醇汽油。開(kāi)展的主要工作如下：1、開(kāi)展甲醇與汽油混和物的穩(wěn)定性研究。本文通過(guò)將燃油微乳化,及對(duì)表面活性劑親水親油平衡理論的研究,確定了甲醇汽油的穩(wěn)定性添加劑。最終選定正辛醇為助溶劑,油酸/op-10體系為復(fù)合乳化劑,兩組物質(zhì)最佳比例為體積比1：2,添加量為0.5%。最后研究了配置的微乳化汽油的穩(wěn)定狀況。結(jié)果表明,在微量含水的情況下,加入穩(wěn)定劑后,汽油和甲醇能夠相互融合并穩(wěn)定存在。2、開(kāi)展了甲醇汽油對(duì)金屬部件和橡膠密封材料的腐蝕研究。首先將車(chē)輛常用金屬物質(zhì)在甲醇汽油中進(jìn)行腐蝕實(shí)驗(yàn),確定了對(duì)硝基苯胺、兩性咪唑啉和石油磺酸鋇三種具有良好緩蝕作用的添加劑,他們的質(zhì)量比為2：1：4,添加量為0.05%。通過(guò)觀察金屬表面的掃描電鏡結(jié)果,表明配置的緩蝕劑對(duì)金屬物有良好的緩蝕作用；其次將比較有代表性的丁晴橡膠進(jìn)行甲醇汽油浸泡試驗(yàn),選出抑制橡膠溶脹的添加劑為月桂醇、丙炔醇和二辛脂三種試劑,質(zhì)量配比為1：2：2,添加量0.03%左右。3、甲醇汽油問(wèn)題研究。本論文將配置的中比例甲醇汽油進(jìn)行餾程實(shí)驗(yàn),確定了氣阻問(wèn)題的改善溶劑為乙基叔丁基醚,添加量為0.3%,這樣甲醇汽油的蒸發(fā)性有所改善,可滿(mǎn)足國(guó)標(biāo)燃油的要求,同時(shí)解決了相關(guān)的氣阻問(wèn)題。4、甲醇汽油臺(tái)架發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)和車(chē)輛運(yùn)行試驗(yàn)。研究表明配置的中比例甲醇汽油,符合國(guó)家燃油標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并可用于普通汽油車(chē)輛,具有很好的環(huán)保效益和推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值,經(jīng)濟(jì)性良好。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, our country is facing more and more serious energy problems in order to relieve the pressure of energy supply. The world energy research institutions are actively looking for clean and friendly alternative energy. Methanol, as a new energy with superior performance, has attracted more and more attention. In this paper, a large number of methanol gasoline experiments and research are carried out. The additive with good effect is determined, and the middle proportion methanol gasoline with good stability and high efficiency is prepared. The main work is as follows: 1. The stability of the mixture of methanol and gasoline was studied. The microemulsification of fuel oil and the theory of hydrophilic and lipophilic equilibrium of surfactants were studied in this paper. The stability additive of methanol gasoline was determined. Finally, n-octanol was chosen as cosolvent, oleic acid / op-10 system as compound emulsifier, and the optimum ratio of the two groups was 1: 2. Finally, the stability of the micro-emulsified gasoline was studied. The results showed that the gasoline and methanol could fuse and exist steadily under the condition of small amount of water in the presence of stabilizer. The corrosion of methanol gasoline to metal parts and rubber sealing materials was studied. Firstly, the corrosion experiments of common metal substances in methanol gasoline were carried out, and the p-nitroaniline was determined. Amphoteric Imidazoline and Barium Petroleum Sulfonate are three kinds of additives with good corrosion inhibition. Their mass ratio is 2: 1: 4 and the addition amount is 0.05.The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) on the metal surface are observed. The results show that the corrosion inhibitor has good corrosion inhibition effect on metal. Secondly, the representative butadiene rubber was soaked in methanol gasoline. The additives to inhibit the swelling of rubber were lauryl alcohol, propargyl alcohol and dioctyl ester, and the mass ratio was 1: 2: 2. In this paper, the middle proportion of methanol gasoline was used for distillation experiments, and the solvent for improving the gas resistance problem was ethyl tert-#china_person0# ether. The addition amount is 0.3, so the vaporization of methanol gasoline is improved, which can meet the requirements of the national standard fuel, and solve the related gas resistance problem of .4. Methanol gasoline engine test and vehicle operation test. The results show that the middle proportion methanol gasoline can meet the national fuel standard and can be used in ordinary gasoline vehicles. It has good environmental protection benefit and application value. Good economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE626.21

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