本文關(guān)鍵詞： 抽油桿柱 阻尼系數(shù) 液柱振動 泵出口壓力 設(shè)計方法修正　出處：《東北石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著油田進(jìn)入開采中后期,井液性質(zhì)復(fù)雜,桿柱斷脫率急劇上升,導(dǎo)致抽油機(jī)生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行成本增大,說明傳統(tǒng)的抽油桿柱設(shè)計方法與采油中后期的抽油機(jī)運(yùn)行工況之間存在著一定的不適應(yīng)性,如何利用現(xiàn)有條件對復(fù)雜介質(zhì)下抽油機(jī)井桿柱的工作狀況進(jìn)行分析,找出其關(guān)鍵影響因素,并對抽油機(jī)井桿柱設(shè)計方法進(jìn)行修正,提高抽油桿柱的疲勞壽命,以提高油井生產(chǎn)時率具有重要意義。油田中后期油井采出液的組成與性質(zhì)發(fā)生了變化,產(chǎn)生兩方面的影響：一是阻尼特性的變化；二是振動特性的變化,包括桿柱振動和液柱振動。基于此,本文設(shè)計了復(fù)雜介質(zhì)下管流特性試驗方案與摩阻特性試驗方案,進(jìn)行了管流特性試驗、柱塞—泵筒摩阻特性試驗及光桿—盤根盒摩擦力試驗,分別對不同桿管組合下的含水介質(zhì)與聚合物介質(zhì)進(jìn)行試驗測試。依據(jù)井下系統(tǒng)阻尼系數(shù)計算方法,得到了含水介質(zhì)與聚合物介質(zhì)下的阻尼系數(shù)變化規(guī)律曲線,為抽油桿柱設(shè)計提供計算依據(jù)。對抽油機(jī)井負(fù)載特性進(jìn)行研究,建立了液柱力學(xué)模型并采用差分法進(jìn)行求解,對井下泵出口壓力進(jìn)行模擬計算并編制計算程序,設(shè)計壓力測試試驗方案,進(jìn)行井口油管壓力和井下泵出口壓力測試試驗,驗證模擬程序的合理性。利用模擬計算程序計算含水介質(zhì)與聚合物介質(zhì)在不同工況下井下泵出口壓力并比較得出其一般規(guī)律。分析了石油天然氣行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的常規(guī)抽油桿柱設(shè)計方法,針對最大最小載荷計算公式,對抽油桿柱的振動載荷項通過阻尼系數(shù)進(jìn)行修正,重點(diǎn)對液柱載荷部分進(jìn)行修正使用模擬計算的井下泵出口壓力轉(zhuǎn)化為載荷作用于柱塞上,替代此前的靜液載荷項,以考慮液柱振動對懸點(diǎn)載荷的影響,使計算更為合理,可以實現(xiàn)對采油中后期新投產(chǎn)井的設(shè)計以及現(xiàn)有油井的優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:With the oil field entering the middle and late stage of production, the properties of the well fluid are complex, and the rod column breakage rate rises sharply, which results in the increase of the operating cost of the pumping unit. It shows that there is some inadaptability between the traditional design method of sucker rod string and the operating condition of pumping unit in the middle and late stage of oil recovery. How to use the existing conditions to analyze the working condition of rod string of pumping unit in complex medium. Find out the key influencing factors and modify the design method of rod string in pumping unit to improve the fatigue life of sucker rod string. In order to improve the production time rate of oil wells, the composition and properties of the produced fluid have changed in the middle and late stage of the oil field, which has two effects: first, the change of damping characteristics; The second is the change of the vibration characteristics, including the vibration of the rod column and the vibration of the liquid column. Based on this, the experimental scheme of the pipe flow characteristics and the friction characteristics under the complex medium are designed, and the experimental results of the pipe flow characteristics are carried out. The friction characteristic test of plunger pump cylinder and the friction force test of smooth rod and disk root box were used to test the water-bearing medium and polymer medium under different combination of rod and pipe respectively. The damping coefficient of downhole system was calculated according to the method of calculating the damping coefficient of the downhole system. The change curve of damping coefficient in aqueous medium and polymer medium is obtained, which provides the basis for the design of sucker rod string. The load characteristics of pumping well are studied. The hydraulic column mechanics model is established and solved by the difference method. The outlet pressure of the downhole pump is simulated and calculated, and the test scheme of pressure testing is designed. The wellhead tubing pressure and downhole pump outlet pressure were tested. The rationality of the simulation program is verified. The outlet pressure of the downhole pump under different working conditions is calculated by using the simulation calculation program and the general rules of the pump outlet pressure are compared. Design method of conventional sucker rod string. According to the formula of maximum and minimum load, the vibration load of sucker rod string is modified by damping coefficient. In order to consider the effect of liquid column vibration on suspension point load, the outlet pressure of downhole pump is changed into load acting on plunger in order to replace the previous hydrostatic load term in order to consider the effect of liquid column vibration on suspension load. By making the calculation more reasonable, the design of new production wells and the optimization of existing wells can be realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE933.2

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本文編號：1465145