本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)作物 葉表蠟質(zhì)層 環(huán)境友好型 摩擦與磨損 潤滑油添加劑　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為了減少環(huán)境的污染,尋找并研究環(huán)保型可降解的潤滑劑,在基礎(chǔ)潤滑油中加入可降解的植物成分作為添加劑成為了一個新的方向。本文通過試驗研究并分析了農(nóng)作物葉表蠟質(zhì)做添加劑的摩擦學(xué)性能,通過高速往復(fù)摩擦磨損試驗機(jī)評價了四種農(nóng)作物(苜蓿、高粱、小麥和棉花)葉表蠟質(zhì)作為潤滑油添加劑在鋼-鋁、鋼-鋼以及鋼-銅摩擦副上的摩擦磨損性能。用氣質(zhì)聯(lián)用分析法分析了兩種農(nóng)作物(苜蓿、小麥)葉表蠟質(zhì)的具體成分,磨損表面形貌用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、X射線能譜儀(EDS)以及靜態(tài)飛行時間二次離子質(zhì)譜(TOF-SIMS)分析觀察并分析。結(jié)果表明：1、提取了苜蓿、高粱、小麥、棉花等農(nóng)作物葉表蠟質(zhì),并對蠟質(zhì)成分進(jìn)行了GC-MS分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)農(nóng)作物葉表蠟質(zhì)中含有近50%的脂肪醇,以及少量的約10%的脂肪酸、酯等成分。2、鋼-鋁摩擦副下,苜蓿、高粱葉表蠟質(zhì)具有優(yōu)良的減摩性能和抗磨性能,減摩和抗磨性能比基礎(chǔ)油有極大提高；鋼-鋼摩擦副下,苜蓿、高粱葉表蠟質(zhì)也是一種優(yōu)良的摩擦改進(jìn)劑,具有良好的抗磨性,但抗磨效果不如MoDTC;鋼-銅摩擦副下,小麥、棉花葉表蠟質(zhì)作添加劑具有優(yōu)異的抗磨性能,尤其是1%含量的小麥葉表蠟質(zhì),減摩抗磨性能最優(yōu)。3、對磨損表面的EDS分析和TOF-SIMS分析可知,農(nóng)作物葉表蠟質(zhì)中的長鏈脂肪醇和脂肪酸等成分在摩擦條件下,羥基和羧基發(fā)生縮聚,在金屬表面上發(fā)生酯化反應(yīng),在摩擦表面形成物理和化學(xué)吸附膜,從而提高了摩擦副的抗磨和減摩性能。4、通過ANSYS有限元分析軟件,對磨損體積隨時間的變化量進(jìn)行了相關(guān)仿真,仿真過程分析了磨損表面的應(yīng)力及應(yīng)變的變化,并通過公式建立了磨損體積的分析模型,預(yù)測結(jié)果顯示了較為良好的效果,對實踐生產(chǎn)有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:In order to reduce environmental pollution, environmentally friendly degradable lubricants are sought and studied. It has become a new direction to add biodegradable plant ingredients as additives in basic lubricating oils. The tribological properties of waxy materials from crop leaves as additives are studied and analyzed in this paper. The wax quality of four crops (alfalfa, sorghum, wheat and cotton) was evaluated by high speed reciprocating friction and wear test machine as lubricating oil additive in steel-aluminum. The friction and wear properties of steel-steel and steel-copper friction pairs. The composition of wax on the leaves of two crops (alfalfa and wheat) was analyzed by GC-MS. The wear surface morphology was observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and static time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The waxy substances of alfalfa, sorghum, wheat, cotton and other crops were extracted, and the waxy components were analyzed by GC-MS. It was found that there were nearly 50% fatty alcohols in the waxy substance of crop leaves. And a small amount of about 10% fatty acids, ester, etc., steel and aluminum friction pair, alfalfa, sorghum surface wax has excellent antifriction and antiwear performance, friction and wear resistance than base oil has greatly improved; Under steel-steel friction pair, alfalfa and sorghum surface wax is also an excellent friction modifier, which has good wear resistance, but the antiwear effect is not as good as MoDTC. Under the steel-copper friction pair, wheat, cotton leaf surface wax as additive has excellent wear resistance, especially 1% content of wheat leaf surface wax, friction and wear resistance is the best. 3. EDS and TOF-SIMS analysis of the worn surface showed that the long chain fatty alcohol and fatty acid in the waxy surface of crops were condensed by hydroxyl group and carboxyl group under the friction condition. The esterification reaction takes place on the metal surface, and the physical and chemical adsorption film is formed on the friction surface, which improves the wear resistance and antifriction performance of the friction pair. 4. The wear resistance and antifriction properties of the friction pair are improved by ANSYS finite element analysis software. The variation of wear volume with time is simulated. The stress and strain of wear surface are analyzed and the wear volume analysis model is established by formula. The prediction results show a good effect and have a certain guiding significance for practical production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TE624.82

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