本文關(guān)鍵詞： 粉末藥型罩 旋壓 數(shù)值模擬 相對密度 均勻性　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球工業(yè)化的發(fā)展,石油作為現(xiàn)階段最主要的能源物質(zhì)而備受重視,在石油開采中廣泛使用的聚能射孔技術(shù)也成為了研究熱點,聚能射流技術(shù)同樣適用于國防中。藥型罩是聚能射流的關(guān)鍵部件,其均勻性優(yōu)劣直接影響著射流效果。粉末冶金法制備粉末藥型罩具有成分配比靈活、穿孔后效大的優(yōu)點,是現(xiàn)階段藥型罩的主要加工方法。但是,如果壓制工藝選擇不當(dāng),會導(dǎo)致加工的藥型罩存在成分及孔隙分布不均勻等缺陷。這些缺陷會使聚能射流偏離軸線,影響穿深效果,嚴(yán)重時可能出現(xiàn)射流過早斷裂的現(xiàn)象。本文以粉末藥型罩為研究對象,建立了金屬粉末藥型罩旋壓加工的有限元模型,模擬了旋壓工藝參數(shù)對其相對密度及粉末流動性的影響；定義了面密度的概念,完成了粉末藥型罩面密度均勻性的檢測。具體研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)果如下：(1)應(yīng)用有限元分析軟件MSC.Marc,在金屬塑性力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)上,建立了金屬粉末藥型罩連續(xù)體有限元模型,分析了不同模壁摩擦系數(shù)、不同凹模轉(zhuǎn)速、不同凸模壓力對成形后藥型罩相對密度的影響,并比較了相同摩擦系數(shù)下,旋壓和普通壓制對成形后相對密度的影響。模擬結(jié)果表明：在粉末藥型罩旋壓加工及普通壓制中,相對密度均隨著模壁摩擦力的增大而減小,但均勻性均隨之得到提高；增加凹模旋轉(zhuǎn)和增大凸模壓力可以有利于改善壓實效果,而且隨著轉(zhuǎn)速的增大,相對密度隨之增大,但均勻性降低。(2)在MSC.Marc中建立了金屬粉末藥型罩多粒子有限元模型,模擬了粉末顆粒的流動規(guī)律：相比于普通壓制,旋壓加工中粉末顆粒的流動性有了明顯的改善,這對復(fù)合粉末的壓制有著重要意義,粉末的流動性隨著摩擦系數(shù)的增大而減弱。(3)使用JSM-5600LV掃描電子顯微鏡對試樣成分判定,徠卡公司MEF-3金相顯微鏡采集試樣金相,對采集的金相圖先用MATLAB進(jìn)行降噪處理,再用圖像分析軟件Image-Pro-Plus軟件對金相圖片進(jìn)行分析。分析結(jié)果表明：軸向孔隙率的模擬與實驗結(jié)果一致性良好,誤差為4.97%,證明了建立模型的可靠性；計算出了由模擬中確定的旋壓參數(shù)生產(chǎn)的粉末藥型罩面密度分布信息,對旋壓參數(shù)的改進(jìn)提出了相應(yīng)的意見。本文采用數(shù)值模擬方法揭示了旋壓工藝參數(shù)對相對密度分布及粉末流動性的影響,提出了一種新的藥型罩均勻性評價方法,對指導(dǎo)粉末藥型罩生產(chǎn)、提升粉末藥型罩旋壓加工質(zhì)量具有重要理論和實踐意義。
[Abstract]:With the development of global industrialization, petroleum, as the most important energy material, has been paid more attention at this stage. The technology of shaped energy perforation, which is widely used in petroleum exploitation, has also become a research hotspot. The shaped jet technology is also suitable for national defense. The powder mask is the key component of the shaped jet, and its uniformity directly affects the jet effect. The powder metallurgy method has a flexible composition ratio. The advantage of large perforation effect is the main processing method of the charge cover at the present stage. However, if the pressing process is not properly selected. These defects will lead to some defects such as uneven distribution of components and pores, which will cause the shaped jet to deviate from the axis and affect the penetration effect. In this paper, the finite element model of metal powder powder mask spinning processing is established. The influence of spinning process parameters on the relative density and powder fluidity was simulated. The concept of surface density is defined and the uniformity of powder covering density is tested. The specific research contents and results are as follows: 1) the finite element analysis software MSC.Marc is used. On the basis of metal plastic mechanics, the finite element model of metal powder powder liner continuum was established, and the influence of different die wall friction coefficient, different die speed and different punch pressure on the relative density of the metal powder powder cover was analyzed. The effects of spinning and ordinary pressing on the relative density after forming were compared under the same friction coefficient. The relative density decreases with the increase of the friction force of the die wall, but the uniformity increases with the increase of the friction force of the die wall. Increasing the rotation of the die and increasing the pressure of the punch can improve the compaction effect, and the relative density increases with the increase of the rotational speed. But the uniformity is reduced. (2) the multi-particle finite element model of metal powder powder mask is established in MSC.Marc, and the flow law of powder particle is simulated: compared with ordinary compaction. The fluidity of powder particles has been improved obviously in spinning process, which is of great significance to the compaction of composite powder. The fluidity of the powder decreases with the increase of friction coefficient. 3) JSM-5600LV scanning electron microscope is used to judge the composition of the sample, and Leica MEF-3 metallographic microscope is used to collect the metallography of the sample. The acquired metallographic diagram is first processed by MATLAB. The results show that the simulation of axial porosity is in good agreement with the experimental results, and the error is 4.97%. The reliability of the model is proved. The density distribution information of powder type covering produced by spinning parameters determined in simulation is calculated. The influence of spinning parameters on relative density distribution and powder fluidity was revealed by numerical simulation. In this paper, a new method for evaluating the uniformity of powder mask is put forward, which has important theoretical and practical significance in guiding the production of powder powder cover and improving the quality of spinning processing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE925.3

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本文編號：1451259