發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-18 01:26

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：吉木薩爾油頁巖熱解及其灰渣利用　出處：《新疆大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 油頁巖 熱解 熱重 動(dòng)力學(xué) 沸石 吸附

【摘要】：油頁巖是一種重要的非常規(guī)能源,經(jīng)過熱解可以得到碳?xì)浔阮愃圃偷捻搸r油,對(duì)緩解我國石油緊缺具有重要的戰(zhàn)略意義。對(duì)油頁巖熱解特性的研究是保證其優(yōu)質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化的前提,也為其綜合開發(fā)利用提供理論依據(jù)。本文以研究新疆吉木薩爾油頁巖熱解特性為主要目標(biāo),考察了熱解溫度、粒徑及停留時(shí)間對(duì)熱解產(chǎn)物產(chǎn)率及組成的影響;利用熱重分析法對(duì)其熱解動(dòng)力學(xué)進(jìn)行了研究;最后探討了以熱解灰渣為原料合成沸石的可行性。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)論如下:采用固定床熱解反應(yīng)器,N2氣氛下,考察了溫度、粒徑及停留時(shí)間對(duì)油頁巖熱解反應(yīng)的影響,對(duì)固體產(chǎn)物灰渣進(jìn)行BET和FT-IR表征,對(duì)頁巖油和氣體產(chǎn)物分別采用GC-MS和GC分析。結(jié)果表明:(1)隨熱解溫度的升高,油產(chǎn)率先增大后減小,530℃達(dá)到最大值,水產(chǎn)率和氣產(chǎn)率逐漸增加;(2)隨顆粒粒徑的減小,油產(chǎn)率呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì),氣產(chǎn)率逐漸增加,水產(chǎn)率變化不大;(3)油產(chǎn)率隨停留時(shí)間的延長先增大后減小,530℃下,停留時(shí)間30min時(shí),油產(chǎn)率最大;(4)吉木薩爾油頁巖適宜的熱解工藝條件為:氮?dú)鈿夥障?熱解溫度530℃,顆粒粒徑0.42~0.84mm,停留時(shí)間30min,油產(chǎn)率為11.2%。利用熱重分析儀對(duì)油頁巖熱解過程進(jìn)行研究,分別采用Coats-Redfern法和Freeman-Carroll法得到了相應(yīng)的表觀活化能和指前因子,確定了線性相關(guān)較好的反應(yīng)級(jí)數(shù)。結(jié)果表明:(1)升溫速率對(duì)活化能影響較大,不同熱解溫度段內(nèi)活化能隨升溫速率的增大呈現(xiàn)出減小的趨勢(shì);(2)采用Freeman-Carroll法計(jì)算的活化能E值比采用Coats-Redfern法計(jì)算的E值偏大,說明算法的選擇對(duì)于活化能的計(jì)算影響較大;(3)從數(shù)據(jù)擬合的線性相關(guān)系數(shù)R來看,升溫速率較小時(shí),采用Coats-Redfern法得到的R值較高;升溫速率較大時(shí),采用Freeman-Carroll法得到的R值較高;(4)用熱重實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M油頁巖固定床熱解過程存在較大誤差,因此熱重不能完全代替實(shí)際的熱解過程,只能作為參考。以熱解灰渣為原料,采用水熱合成法制備出沸石,考察了晶化時(shí)間和晶化溫度對(duì)沸石合成過程的影響,對(duì)合成沸石進(jìn)行了XRD、SEM和BET表征。實(shí)驗(yàn)確定了沸石合成的工藝參數(shù)為:堿熔溫度為800℃,氫氧化鈉與灰渣用量比為1:1,晶化時(shí)間12h,晶化溫度120℃。分別以灰渣和合成沸石作為吸附劑,考察了吸附劑用量和吸附時(shí)間對(duì)Cu2+吸附特性的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:灰渣用量為40g/L,吸附時(shí)間100min時(shí),吸附基本達(dá)到平衡,對(duì)Cu2+去除率為76.5%;合成沸石用量為20g/L時(shí),吸附時(shí)間80min時(shí),吸附基本達(dá)到平衡,對(duì)Cu2+去除率為92.6%。
[Abstract]:Oil shale is an important unconventional energy source, which can be pyrolyzed to obtain shale oil with hydrocarbon ratio similar to crude oil. It is of great strategic significance to alleviate the oil shortage in China. The research on the pyrolysis characteristics of oil shale is the premise to ensure its high quality transformation. The main objective of this paper is to study the pyrolysis characteristics of Jimusar oil shale in Xinjiang, and to investigate the effects of pyrolysis temperature, particle size and residence time on the yield and composition of pyrolysis products. The pyrolysis kinetics was studied by thermogravimetric analysis. Finally, the feasibility of synthesizing zeolite from pyrolytic ash was discussed. The main contents and conclusions were as follows: the temperature was investigated in a fixed bed pyrolysis reactor in N _ 2 atmosphere. The effect of particle size and residence time on the pyrolysis reaction of oil shale was studied. The solid product ash was characterized by BET and FT-IR. The analysis of shale oil and gas products by GC-MS and GC shows that with the increase of pyrolysis temperature, the oil production increases first and then decreases to the maximum value. The aquatic yield and gas yield increased gradually; 2) with the decrease of particle size, the oil yield showed a downward trend, the gas yield gradually increased, and the aquatic yield changed little; (3) the oil yield increased firstly and then decreased at 530 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1438852