本文關(guān)鍵詞：低礦化度水驅(qū)油機(jī)理研究　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 低礦化度水 擴(kuò)散雙電層 陽離子交換 Zeta電位

【摘要】：低礦化度水驅(qū)油是指向油藏注入含有低濃度可溶性固體的水的驅(qū)替方法。低礦化度水驅(qū)油可以大幅度提高原油采收率,對(duì)油田的未來發(fā)展具有重要意義。本文以低礦化度水驅(qū)油的理論基礎(chǔ)為核心,通過測(cè)定低礦化度水驅(qū)油體系的Zeta電位,得到了砂巖儲(chǔ)層中低礦化度水驅(qū)油提高采收率的主要機(jī)理。確定了影響低礦化度水驅(qū)油采收率的主要因素,并總結(jié)了低礦化度水驅(qū)油的產(chǎn)生條件,即儲(chǔ)層巖石中含有粘土礦物、原油中含有極性組分、地層水中含有高價(jià)陽離子、注入水的礦化度在一定的范圍內(nèi)。根據(jù)膠體化學(xué)理論,測(cè)定了油-巖石和水-巖石的Zeta電位。結(jié)果表明,隨著注入水礦化度的降低,界面間的斥力增大,擴(kuò)散雙電層厚度增加,Zeta電位的絕對(duì)值增加。通過原油吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)和接觸角實(shí)驗(yàn)的佐證可得,隨著礦化度的降低,粘土礦物表面擴(kuò)散雙電層的厚度也隨之增加;陽離子通過離子交換作用,把吸附在粘土礦物表面的有機(jī)極性物質(zhì)取代,使其解吸,最終令粘土礦物表面更加水濕。通過室內(nèi)模擬實(shí)驗(yàn),開展了低礦化度水驅(qū)油實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,低礦化度水驅(qū)的采收率要比地層水驅(qū)替的采收率高10%左右;低礦化度NaCl驅(qū)替的采收率高于低礦化度CaCl2。研究了低礦化度水驅(qū)油機(jī)理,探討了低礦化度水驅(qū)油提高采收率的其他機(jī)理,包括類表面活性劑和提升pH值等。
[Abstract]:Low salinity water flooding is a method to inject water containing low concentration of soluble solids in a reservoir, and low salinity water flooding can greatly improve oil recovery. This paper is based on the theoretical basis of low salinity water flooding, through the determination of low salinity water flooding system Zeta potential. The main mechanism of improving oil recovery by low salinity water flooding in sandstone reservoir is obtained. The main factors affecting oil recovery of low salinity water flooding are determined, and the production conditions of low salinity water flooding are summarized. That is, the reservoir rocks contain clay minerals, the crude oil contains polar components, the formation water contains high valence cations, and the salinity of injected water is within a certain range, according to the colloidal chemistry theory. The Zeta potential of oil-rock and water-rock is measured. The results show that with the decrease of the salinity of injected water, the repulsion force between the interfaces increases and the thickness of the diffusion double electric layer increases. The absolute value of Zeta potential is increased. The thickness of diffusion double electric layer on clay mineral surface increases with the decrease of salinity through the experiments of crude oil adsorption and contact angle. By ion exchange, the organic polar substance adsorbed on the surface of clay minerals is replaced by cations to desorb them, and finally make the surface of clay minerals more water and wet. The results show that the oil recovery of low salinity water flooding is about 10% higher than that of formation water flooding. The oil recovery of low salinity NaCl flooding is higher than that of low salinity CaCl 2. The mechanism of low salinity water flooding is studied, and other mechanisms of improving oil recovery by low salinity water flooding are discussed. It includes surfactants and pH.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE357.6

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