本文關(guān)鍵詞：海底油氣輸送管道腐蝕缺陷評(píng)價(jià)研究　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 海底腐蝕管道 剩余強(qiáng)度 可靠性 B31G 安全系數(shù)法

【摘要】：石油天然氣的管道運(yùn)輸是我國(guó)五大運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)業(yè)之一,在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中有著非常重要的地位,屬于物流運(yùn)輸?shù)姆懂?被稱為“能源血脈”。近幾年,隨著海洋油氣田在我國(guó)的開發(fā),海底輸送石油天然氣管道的腐蝕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問題越來越突出,導(dǎo)致事故的數(shù)量明顯上升。海底腐蝕管道一旦發(fā)生失效事故,不但影響整個(gè)油氣管道運(yùn)輸?shù)纳a(chǎn)運(yùn)營(yíng)還會(huì)給國(guó)家社會(huì)造成很大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。開展海洋油氣管道腐蝕失效分析,對(duì)保障管道的安全運(yùn)行具有十分重大的意義。因此,本文針對(duì)海底腐蝕管道的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)失效模式和可靠性評(píng)估展開研究,具體工作內(nèi)容如下:1)首先分析海底管道環(huán)境,總結(jié)發(fā)生腐蝕的主要原因;闡述三種防止腐蝕發(fā)生的方法及原理:陰極保護(hù)原理法、管線涂層法和內(nèi)部腐蝕緩沖劑法。2)在查閱國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)評(píng)估海底腐蝕管道剩余強(qiáng)度的五種方法:ASME-B31G、DNV-RP-F101、PCORRC方法、API597準(zhǔn)則以及有限元法,并對(duì)五種方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行比較分析。3)研究基于外壓和內(nèi)壓模型缺陷的腐蝕管道系統(tǒng)可靠性,本文采用三種模型來評(píng)價(jià)海底腐蝕管道的可靠性,分別是伽馬模型、逆高斯模型、幾何布朗模型。以上面所述三種模型為基礎(chǔ),本文進(jìn)行了基于時(shí)間的同質(zhì)高斯過程(HGP)增長(zhǎng)模型的可靠性的計(jì)算和分析,并采用兩個(gè)在役管段的實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行腐蝕缺陷分析。模擬仿真階段運(yùn)用蒙特卡洛法對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,并計(jì)算海底管道的失效概率,最后判斷管段可能的失效模式:小泄漏、大泄漏、破裂。4)根據(jù)海底管道環(huán)境復(fù)雜性,建立基于海底管道的腐蝕模型并進(jìn)行剩余強(qiáng)度評(píng)價(jià)。首先研究并分析了基于CO2的腐蝕缺陷預(yù)測(cè)模型及其影響因素,然后在現(xiàn)有準(zhǔn)則的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)管道腐蝕特性進(jìn)行比較,最后采用參數(shù)修正的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)測(cè)腐蝕管道剩余強(qiáng)度。5)在腐蝕管道剩余強(qiáng)度下,基于安全系數(shù)法準(zhǔn)則考慮管道軸向載荷和環(huán)向載荷作用,提出了不規(guī)則缺陷在抗內(nèi)壓、抗擠壓和抗拉強(qiáng)度作用下的極限承載能力,結(jié)合安全系數(shù)法評(píng)價(jià)規(guī)則進(jìn)行安全性比較,分析腐蝕強(qiáng)度大小,然后根據(jù)腐蝕強(qiáng)度大小確定應(yīng)該采取哪種決策(進(jìn)行管道更換或維修),以確保海底管道安全運(yùn)營(yíng)。
[Abstract]:Pipeline transportation of petroleum and natural gas is one of the five major transportation industries in China. It has a very important position in the national economy and belongs to the category of logistics transportation, which is called "energy blood" in recent years. With the development of offshore oil and gas field in China, the problem of corrosion risk of submarine oil and gas pipeline becomes more and more serious, which leads to the increase of the number of accidents. It will not only affect the production and operation of oil and gas pipeline transportation, but also cause great economic losses to the country and society. The corrosion failure analysis of offshore oil and gas pipeline is carried out. It is of great significance to ensure the safe operation of pipeline. Therefore, the risk failure mode and reliability evaluation of submarine corrosion pipeline are studied in this paper. The concrete work contents are as follows: (1) first, analyze the environment of submarine pipeline and summarize the main reason of corrosion; This paper describes three methods and principles of preventing corrosion: cathodic protection principle. Pipeline coating method and internal corrosion buffer method. 2) on the basis of consulting domestic and foreign literature, five methods to evaluate residual strength of submarine corrosion pipeline: ASME-B31G are summarized. DNV-RP-F101 / PCorRC method includes API597 criterion and finite element method. The reliability of corrosion pipeline system based on the defects of external pressure and internal pressure model is studied. Three models are used to evaluate the reliability of submarine corrosion pipeline. Based on the above three models, the reliability of the time-based homogeneous Gaussian process (HGP) growth model is calculated and analyzed. In the simulation stage, Monte Carlo method is used to preprocess the data, and the failure probability of submarine pipeline is calculated. Finally, the possible failure modes of the pipeline segment are determined: small leakage, large leakage, rupture. 4) according to the complexity of the submarine pipeline environment. The corrosion model based on submarine pipeline is established and the residual strength is evaluated. Firstly, the corrosion defect prediction model based on CO2 and its influencing factors are studied and analyzed. Then the corrosion characteristics of pipeline are compared on the basis of existing criteria. Finally, the residual strength of corroded pipeline is predicted by parameter modified evaluation standard. 5) under the residual strength of corroded pipeline. Based on the criterion of safety factor method, the ultimate bearing capacity of irregular defects under the action of internal pressure, compression and tensile strength is proposed. Combined with the safety factor method to evaluate the rules of safety comparison, analysis of the size of corrosion strength, and then according to the size of corrosion strength to determine what kind of decision (pipeline replacement or maintenance). To ensure the safe operation of submarine pipelines.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE988.2

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本文編號(hào)：1429224