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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：普通稠油氧化反應(yīng)特征研究　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 稠油 高低溫氧化 油品性質(zhì) 動力學(xué)

【摘要】：稠油是石油資源的重要組成部分,隨著石油資源的短缺以及稠油開采技術(shù)的日臻成熟,稠油油藏的勘探開采越來越受到重視�；馃蛯蛹夹g(shù)是稠油開采技術(shù)中最高效、最經(jīng)濟(jì)的開采技術(shù),但其中涉及到的難點較多。了解稠油的氧化特性對于火燒油層技術(shù)的應(yīng)用至關(guān)重要,而稠油的氧化特性與火驅(qū)時的溫度場、注氣量、燃燒速率等諸多參數(shù)有關(guān)。本論文以河油田杜66塊原油為對象,研究稠油的氧化反應(yīng)特性,為火燒油層技術(shù)的實施提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)和理論依據(jù)。本文采用靜態(tài)高溫高壓反應(yīng)系統(tǒng),在低溫(90℃)和高溫(300℃)、不同含氧量氣氛等條件下對稠油及其輕、中、重質(zhì)餾分進(jìn)行氧化反應(yīng)實驗,通過記錄反應(yīng)過程中溫度、壓力變化以及利用綜合熱分析、紅外光譜、族組分、元素分析、物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)檢測、氣相色譜分析等方法對氧化反應(yīng)前后稠油及其各餾分和尾氣進(jìn)行表征,得到以下結(jié)論:該區(qū)塊稠油中飽和烴含量為29.78%,芳香烴含量為28.13%,膠質(zhì)含量為35.68%及瀝青質(zhì)含量較高為6.14%。由稠油熱重分析結(jié)果可知,稠油氧化過程分為三個階段:低溫氧化反應(yīng)(LTO)、燃料沉積(FD)和高溫氧化反應(yīng)(HTO)。稠油的失重率為91.4%,自燃點為376℃。在不同溫度及氧氣含量不同的氣氛中對稠油進(jìn)行氧化反應(yīng),結(jié)果表明:氧化反應(yīng)后稠油的密度增加,粘度也大幅增加,隨著溫度和氧氣濃度的增加,粘度由2635m Pa·s(50℃)增加到7330 m Pa·s(50℃);飽和烴含量由29.78%減少到14.98%,芳香烴含量由28.13%較少到21.37%,膠質(zhì)含量由35.68%增加到49.29%、瀝青質(zhì)含量由6.41%增加到14.36%。本文將稠油進(jìn)行分餾得到輕、中、重餾分,并在不同溫度和不同氧氣含量氣氛中對稠油及輕、中、重餾分進(jìn)行氧化實驗,研究結(jié)果表明,輕質(zhì)油氧化反應(yīng)生成少量膠質(zhì),中質(zhì)油氧化后飽和烴芳香烴減少,膠質(zhì)含量增加,并且有一定量的瀝青質(zhì)生成。重質(zhì)油氧化后瀝青質(zhì)的含量明顯增加。氧化溫度較低時,主要是芳香烴發(fā)生氧化反應(yīng),生成膠質(zhì),隨著溫度升高,飽和烴發(fā)生氧化生成膠質(zhì);而膠質(zhì)則氧化生成瀝青質(zhì);當(dāng)達(dá)到燃點溫度,各組分開始燃燒并放出大量的熱,其中重質(zhì)組分的放熱量最大。通過對稠油氧化反應(yīng)動力學(xué)的研究表明,稠油燃燒起始段活化能最高477.42k J/mol,低溫氧化段活化能最低7.61k J/mol,經(jīng)過氧化反應(yīng)后,油品低溫氧化段的活化能有所增加,燃料沉積段和燃燒段的活化能減小。
[Abstract]:Heavy oil is an important part of petroleum resources, with the shortage of petroleum resources and heavy oil production technology has matured, the exploration and exploitation of heavy oil reservoir has attracted more and more attention. In situ combustion technology is the heavy oil recovery technology in the most efficient, the most economical mining technology, which involves many difficulties. To understand the oxidation characteristics of heavy oil for application critical combustion technology, and temperature field, fire and heavy oil oxidation characteristics of gas injection flooding, burning rate and other parameters. In this paper, the river block Du 66 crude oil as the object, oxidation characteristics of heavy oil, provide the basic data and theoretical basis for the implementation of in situ combustion technology. This paper uses the static high temperature and high pressure reaction system at low temperature (90 DEG C) and high temperature (300 DEG C), different oxygen atmosphere under the condition of heavy oil and light, heavy fraction in oxidation experiment, The temperature record in the reaction process, the pressure change and the use of thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, composition, physical and chemical properties detection, gas chromatography and other methods were used to characterize the oxidation reaction of heavy oil and its fractions before and after and exhaust, get the following conclusion: the content of saturated hydrocarbon block of heavy oil was 29.78%. The aromatic hydrocarbon content is 28.13%, the resin content is 35.68% and the asphaltene content was 6.14%. higher by heavy oil thermal analysis results show that the heavy oil oxidation process is divided into three stages: low temperature oxidation (LTO), fuel deposition (FD) and high temperature oxidation reaction (HTO). The oil loss rate was 91.4% for spontaneous combustion, 376. C for oxidation reaction of heavy oil in different temperature and oxygen content in different atmosphere results show that after the oxidation of heavy oil density increased, viscosity also increased, with the increase of temperature and oxygen concentration, viscosity by 2635 M Pa s (50 DEG C) increased to 7330 m Pa s (50 DEG C); the saturated hydrocarbon content decreased from 29.78% to 14.98%, the aromatic hydrocarbon content from 28.13% to 21.37% less, pectin content increased from 35.68% to 49.29%, the asphaltene content increased from 6.41% to 14.36%. in the heavy oil fractionating light. The heavy fraction, and in the different temperature and oxygen content in the atmosphere of heavy oil and light, heavy fraction of oxidation experiments, the results show that the oxidation reaction of light oil to generate a small amount of colloid, intermediate oxidation of saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon decreased, pectin content increased, asphaltene and generate a certain amount of heavy oil oxidation. Asphaltene content increased significantly. The oxidation temperature is low, mainly aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation reaction, formation of glial, with the increasing of temperature, saturated hydrocarbon oxidized resin; and microglia were oxidized to asphaltene; when reaching the ignition temperature of the components to start Burn and release a lot of heat, heat the heavy which was the largest. Through the research on heavy oil oxidation kinetics show that the activation energy of heavy oil burning the initial segment of the highest 477.42k J/mol low temperature oxidation period of activation energy of the lowest 7.61k J/mol, after the oxidation reaction, activation of oil low temperature oxidation section can increase fuel deposition and the combustion activation energy decreases.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE345

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