發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-13 08:22

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：撬裝式含油污泥焚燒爐燃燒特性模擬研究　出處：《西安石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 鉆井含油污泥 焚燒爐爐膛設(shè)計(jì) 燃燒模擬研究

【摘要】：鉆井含油污泥是油田開采過程產(chǎn)生的污染物,它具有化學(xué)成分復(fù)雜、污染物含量高、地域分散的特點(diǎn),如果直接外排會(huì)占用大量土地,其含有的有毒物質(zhì)會(huì)污染水、土壤和空氣,惡化生態(tài)環(huán)境。對于邊遠(yuǎn)區(qū)塊油田的鉆井含油污泥,能夠建立一套可移動(dòng)的橇裝化污泥處理裝置具有相當(dāng)?shù)慕?jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境效益。為了對邊遠(yuǎn)區(qū)塊油田的鉆井污泥進(jìn)行無害化處理,首先對各種污泥處理技術(shù)做對比分析,確定焚燒技術(shù)對污泥進(jìn)行處理。然后通過對焚燒污泥的各種焚燒爐爐型進(jìn)行對比分析;并根據(jù)含油污泥揮發(fā)份含量高,焚燒時(shí)容易引起焚燒爐爆炸的特點(diǎn);以及橇裝化對焚燒爐結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸、維修方便、可間歇操作的要求,最后選定鼓泡流化床焚燒爐。為了使焚燒爐焚燒鉆井污泥的焚燒產(chǎn)物達(dá)到危險(xiǎn)廢物焚燒爐大氣污染物排放限值和焚燒殘余物處理標(biāo)準(zhǔn),要求設(shè)計(jì)的焚燒爐爐膛溫度不小于1100℃、煙氣停留時(shí)間t≥2s。焚燒爐出口煙氣中的氧氣含量應(yīng)為6%~10%(干氣)。根據(jù)含油污泥的元素分析、工業(yè)分析,汽車外輪廓尺寸,污泥處理量20kg/h,焚燒爐爐膛溫度1100℃,煙氣停留時(shí)間10s及煙氣出口氧含量10%。由工程燃燒學(xué)理論和鼓泡流化床焚燒爐工作原理來設(shè)計(jì)撬裝式鼓泡流化床焚燒爐爐膛的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸和工藝參數(shù)。最后得到焚燒爐爐膛H=1.8m,D=1.0m;u空氣速率=0.025m/s,v排煙速=3.8m/s,v污泥速度=0.12m/s。對設(shè)計(jì)的鼓泡流化床焚燒爐建立燃燒數(shù)學(xué)模型�；贕ambit軟件對爐膛建立結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸三維模擬模型、并對模型進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分及邊界區(qū)域類型設(shè)置�；贔luent軟件,采用有限速率反應(yīng)模型,對焚燒鉆井含油污泥的燃燒過程進(jìn)行模擬研究。結(jié)果表明:在設(shè)計(jì)停留時(shí)間是10s的條件下,爐膛的主要燃燒區(qū)域溫度達(dá)到了1100℃以上,滿足焚燒污泥所要求的爐膛溫度,既而滿足焚燒危險(xiǎn)廢物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。同時(shí),還做了爐膛壓力變化、組分質(zhì)量含量變化和爐膛內(nèi)相互垂直兩縱截面速度場的分析。爐膛壓力變化符合焚燒爐工作原理。從爐內(nèi)流線的分布特點(diǎn)可以看到爐膛內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了回流現(xiàn)象,這有利于污泥的燃盡。對于污泥中的氣相揮發(fā)份反應(yīng)物組分質(zhì)量含量從入口到出口逐漸降低至消失,燃燒產(chǎn)物CO2、H2O、NO2、SO2的組分質(zhì)量含量從入口到出口逐漸升高,CO、NO的組分質(zhì)量含量隨爐膛高度的增加而逐漸減少至無,這符合焚燒爐焚燒污泥的機(jī)理。從污泥焚燒處理技術(shù)的確定到焚燒爐的選型、建模、模擬及模擬結(jié)果的分析研究,最后得到的結(jié)果能夠比較真實(shí)的反映含油污泥在爐膛內(nèi)的燃燒狀況。驗(yàn)證了本設(shè)計(jì)是可行的。并且這種設(shè)計(jì)方法為焚燒鉆井含油污泥的撬裝式焚燒爐的設(shè)計(jì)提供了參考。
[Abstract]:Drilling oily sludge is a pollutant produced in oilfield exploitation process. It has the characteristics of complex chemical composition, high pollutant content and geographical dispersion. If discharged directly, it will occupy a lot of land. It contains toxic substances that pollute water, soil and air, and worsen the ecological environment. It has considerable economic and environmental benefits to set up a removable skid-mounted sludge treatment unit. Firstly, the sludge treatment technology is compared and analyzed, and the incineration technology is determined to treat the sludge, and then the furnace type of the incinerator is compared and analyzed. According to the high volatile content of oily sludge, it is easy to cause incinerator explosion during incineration. As well as the skid-mounted incinerator structure size, convenient maintenance, intermittent operation requirements. Finally, the bubbling fluidized bed incinerator was selected. In order to make the incineration products of drilling sludge in the incinerator meet the emission limit of atmospheric pollutants and incineration residue treatment standard of hazardous waste incinerator. The designed furnace temperature is not less than 1100 鈩，

本文編號：1418220