本文關(guān)鍵詞：聚丙烯酰胺溶液非常溫光譜特性及其含量光學(xué)表征研究　出處：《東北石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 含聚污水 光譜特性 濃度檢測(cè) 溫度 pH值

【摘要】：隨著石油工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展,我國(guó)大部分油田基本進(jìn)入三次采油階段,其中大慶油田的三次采油技術(shù)已基本成熟。聚丙烯酰胺是三次采油中的主要原料之一,其在聚驅(qū)采油技術(shù)應(yīng)用規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,導(dǎo)致含聚丙烯酰胺(文中簡(jiǎn)稱含聚)污水量不斷增加。含聚污水中聚丙烯酰胺水解可生成具有毒性的丙烯酰胺,給人類和環(huán)境帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。同時(shí),水解聚丙烯酰胺使采油污水黏度增大、乳化程度增高,增大了污水檢測(cè)和處理的難度。含聚污水中聚丙烯酰胺濃度是檢測(cè)和處理含聚污水工藝的重要指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)之一。檢測(cè)聚丙烯酰胺濃度的方法中,光學(xué)法由于測(cè)量速度快、非接觸等特點(diǎn)備受關(guān)注。然而,油田含聚污水的光譜特性,特別是非常溫光譜特性的缺失,造成該方法應(yīng)用的短板。因此,開(kāi)展含聚污水光譜特征及其濃度光學(xué)測(cè)量研究,實(shí)現(xiàn)快速檢測(cè)聚丙烯酰胺濃度,對(duì)控制油田采出水處理以及污水排放等都具有重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。以油田含聚污水為處理對(duì)象,綜合分析現(xiàn)有液體光學(xué)常數(shù)及其濃度光學(xué)測(cè)量方法研究現(xiàn)狀,建立了含聚污水光學(xué)常數(shù)反演模型,研究了含聚污水透射特性與其濃度之間的關(guān)系,實(shí)驗(yàn)分析了溫度和pH值對(duì)含聚污水光譜特性的影響。本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:1.基于透射法結(jié)合Kramers-Kronig關(guān)系式(簡(jiǎn)稱KK關(guān)系式)建立了光學(xué)窗口和液體的光學(xué)常數(shù)反演模型,實(shí)驗(yàn)獲得了ZnSe材料和蒸餾水的光學(xué)常數(shù),利用現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)公開(kāi)的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)該模型進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。2.實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)量了不同濃度含聚污水的光譜透射特性,分析了溫度和pH值對(duì)含聚污水透射光譜的影響。通過(guò)透射法結(jié)合KK關(guān)系式反演模型獲得了含聚污水在2400-2800cm-1的光學(xué)常數(shù)。搭建了含聚污水光譜透射特性測(cè)量恒溫實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái),實(shí)驗(yàn)獲得了濃度500mg/L含聚污水在20℃-70℃溫度范圍內(nèi)的透射光譜,求解了含聚污水的光學(xué)常數(shù)(吸收指數(shù)k和折射率n),其中k的范圍是1.56×10-3-5.83×10-3,n的范圍是1.32-1.38。3.實(shí)驗(yàn)分析了400-4000cm-1和190-900nm范圍內(nèi)含聚污水的光譜透射特性,在紅外波段和紫外可見(jiàn)波段選取特征波長(zhǎng),通過(guò)Matlab軟件對(duì)含聚污水濃度與其透射特性進(jìn)行最小二乘法擬合。在400-4000cm-1和190-900nm范圍內(nèi)分析了含聚污水濃度與含光學(xué)腔透射特性、純液體透射特性和光學(xué)常數(shù)反演其透射特性之間的光學(xué)關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系,獲得了2627cm-1、220nm和526nm含聚污水透射特性與其濃度的光學(xué)關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系式,并分析了其適用范圍。通過(guò)以上研究,得到了含聚污水的光學(xué)特性,構(gòu)建了含聚污水光學(xué)常數(shù)反演模型,完善了基于光學(xué)方法測(cè)量含聚污水濃度技術(shù),研究了溫度和pH值對(duì)含聚污水光譜特性的影響規(guī)律。本文研究方法和成果可為發(fā)展光學(xué)在線檢測(cè)聚丙烯酰胺濃度提供一定的參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of petroleum industry, most oil fields in China have basically entered the stage of tertiary oil recovery, in which the technology of tertiary oil recovery in Daqing Oilfield has basically matured. Polyacrylamide is one of the main raw materials in tertiary oil recovery. The application scale of polyacrylamide in polymer flooding and oil recovery technology is expanding, which leads to the increase of water quantity of polyacrylamide, which can be hydrolyzed into acrylamide with toxicity. At the same time, the hydrolysis of polyacrylamide increased the viscosity and emulsification degree of oil recovery wastewater. The concentration of polyacrylamide in polymerized sewage is one of the important index data in the process of detecting and treating polymerized sewage, and the method to detect the concentration of polyacrylamide. The optical method has attracted much attention due to its high measurement speed and non-contact characteristics. However, the lack of spectral characteristics, especially at very high temperature, results in the short plate of the method. The optical measurement of the spectral characteristics and concentration of polymerized sewage was carried out to detect the concentration of polyacrylamide quickly. It has important application value for controlling oil field produced water treatment and sewage discharge. Taking the oilfield polymerized sewage as the treatment object, the present research status of the existing liquid optical constant and its concentration optical measurement method is analyzed synthetically. The optical constant inversion model of polymerized sewage was established, and the relationship between the transmission characteristics of polymerized sewage and its concentration was studied. The effects of temperature and pH value on the spectral characteristics of polymerized sewage were analyzed experimentally. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Based on the transmission method and Kramers-Kronig relation (. The optical constant inversion model of optical window and liquid is established. The optical constants of ZnSe materials and distilled water were obtained. The model was verified by the published data. 2. The spectral transmission characteristics of polymerized sewage with different concentrations were measured experimentally. The effects of temperature and pH value on transmission spectrum of polymerized sewage were analyzed. The optical constants of polymerized sewage at 2400-2800 cm-1 were obtained by means of transmission method combined with KK relation inversion model. A constant temperature test rig for measuring the spectral transmission characteristics of sewage. The transmission spectra of the polymerized sewage with 500 mg / L concentration in the temperature range of 20 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1417806