本文關鍵詞：安全起下鉆井控技術研究　出處：《重慶科技學院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 起下鉆 流變參數(shù) 臨界井深 氣竄速度 波動壓力

【摘要】：目前，隨著國內能源消費結構化的調整和保護環(huán)境的迫切需要，天然氣這種最清潔低碳的化石能源將占據(jù)越來越大的比重。然而隨著對天然氣勘探力度的加大，溢流、井涌等井控問題也頻繁發(fā)生，特別在四川地區(qū)的部分氣田，井底往往伴隨著高壓高含硫，不僅增大了鉆井作業(yè)的難度，而且也是對井控安全技術的重大挑戰(zhàn)。起下鉆是鉆井作業(yè)中井口控制難度最大的一種工況，近年來，川東地區(qū)氣層井在進行起下鉆操作時，產(chǎn)生溢流次數(shù)較多，影響鉆井作業(yè)的安全，可能使經(jīng)濟效益受損，并造成人員傷亡。因此研究安全起下鉆井控技術迫在眉睫，這對解決現(xiàn)場工程實際問題和提升我國氣井井控安全技術水平具有十分重要的意義。 本文在分析總結了國內外安全起下鉆井控技術特點的基礎上，重點對氣竄機理、天然氣上竄的安全高度、氣竄速度、氣層中起下鉆速度的控制和鉆井液密度與流變性能的相關性進行了深入研究。 在地層情況和鉆井液體系已知的前提下，應用川東地區(qū)常用的聚磺鉆井液體系，通過實驗和現(xiàn)場實鉆數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計的方法，，找出鉆井液流變性能和密度之間的相關性，然后建立密度與流變參數(shù)關系的數(shù)學模型，在已知鉆井液密度的情況下即可初步確定其流變參數(shù)。 結合常規(guī)的氣侵鉆井液自動外溢模型，考慮氣體在環(huán)空中的滑脫運移及膨脹，并假定其膨脹是一種等溫過程，通過真實氣體的狀態(tài)方程，從而確定井口溢流時氣體上竄的高度。 根據(jù)氣液兩相流理論，找到影響氣竄速度的主要因素，對常規(guī)的運用鉆井液性能參數(shù)來計算氣竄速度的方法進行合理改進，可以通過垂深、鉆井液密度、塑性粘度和表面張力來預測氣竄速度。并利用現(xiàn)場數(shù)據(jù)對其進行理論修正，使計算結果更為準確。現(xiàn)場操作人員不需要在井口測后效，即可提前預測氣竄速度，為實際安全操作提供了依據(jù)。 根據(jù)井底壓力平衡原理，并結合波動壓力的影響，從而確定在氣層中起、下鉆的最大速度，為現(xiàn)場進行起下鉆作業(yè)提供理論依據(jù)。 根據(jù)川東氣層井的相關資料編制了安全起下鉆應用軟件，為現(xiàn)場作業(yè)提供理論依據(jù)和一個方便快捷的計算工具。
[Abstract]:At present, with the urgent need for structured domestic energy consumption adjustment and protect the environment, natural gas the most clean low-carbon fossil energy will occupy an increasingly large proportion. However, with the increase of natural gas exploration efforts such as overflow, well kick well control problems also occur frequently, especially some gas field in the Sichuan area. The bottom is often accompanied by high pressure and high sulfur, not only increases the difficulty of drilling operations, a major challenge but also control security technology for wells. Drilling drilling wellhead control is a condition, the most difficult in recent years, gas wells in East Sichuan drilling operation, generate overflow number more, the influence of drilling work safety, may make the economic damage and casualties. Therefore the study of safety drilling control technology is imminent, this to solve practical problems and improve our site engineering wells It is of great significance to control the level of safety technology.
Based on analysis of the drilling safety under control technology at home and abroad on the characteristics, focusing on the mechanism of gas channeling, channeling the safety height of natural gas, gas channeling speed, gas in the relationship between drilling speed control and drilling fluid density and rheological properties were studied.
Based on the stratum situation and drilling fluid system is known, using polysulfonate drilling fluid system used in East Sichuan, through experiment and actual drilling data statistics, find out the relationship between drilling fluid rheological properties and density, the mathematical model and then establish the relationship between density and rheological parameters, the density of drilling fluid in the known can preliminary determine its rheological parameters.
Combined with conventional gas invasion drilling fluid automatic spillover model, the slippage and expansion of gas in the annulus are considered. Assuming that its expansion is an isothermal process, the height of gas channeling is determined according to the equation of state of real gas.
According to the theory of gas-liquid two-phase flow, the main factors to find the effects of gas channeling speed, the use of conventional methods on the performance of drilling fluid parameters to calculate the gas channeling speed improved, through the vertical depth, drilling fluid density, plastic viscosity and surface tension to predict gas channeling speed. And based on the revised theory of field data and make the results more accurate. The operator does not need to test in the wellhead aftereffect, can predict the gas channeling speed, which provided the basis for the safe operation.
According to the pressure balance principle, and combined with the influence of the fluctuation pressure, to determine the gas reservoir, the maximum speed of the drill, as the site up and provide a theoretical basis for the drilling operation.
According to the relevant data of East Sichuan gas well developed safety drilling application software, and provide a theoretical basis and a convenient calculation tool for field work.

【學位授予單位】：重慶科技學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE28

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