發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-12 14:27

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：沿海鋼制儲(chǔ)罐多種環(huán)境因子影響下的腐蝕規(guī)律研究　出處：《浙江海洋大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 鋼制儲(chǔ)罐 油品 微生物腐蝕 電化學(xué)方法

【摘要】：隨著世界石油工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展和能源需求的不斷發(fā)展,原油和成品油的儲(chǔ)備受到廣泛關(guān)注,對(duì)各類油庫儲(chǔ)備能力的要求也越來越高,因而儲(chǔ)罐數(shù)量大幅度增加。我國自2003年建起的國家石油儲(chǔ)備基地中的大部分處于沿海地區(qū),腐蝕環(huán)境較內(nèi)陸而言更加惡劣,儲(chǔ)罐壽命減短,并且造成嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損耗,甚至在安全運(yùn)行方面留下巨大的隱患。儲(chǔ)罐是油品儲(chǔ)運(yùn)系統(tǒng)中重要環(huán)節(jié),是生產(chǎn)過程不可缺少的主要設(shè)備,探究沿海鋼制儲(chǔ)罐多種環(huán)境因子影響下的腐蝕規(guī)律,不僅可以為我國鋼制儲(chǔ)罐的設(shè)計(jì)、建造、選材提供理論保障,同時(shí)對(duì)提高我國儲(chǔ)罐設(shè)計(jì)能力和建造水平來說也具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本論文主要采用電化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)方法,在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下對(duì)鋼質(zhì)儲(chǔ)罐中常用鋼材16Mn鋼和Q235鋼兩種材料,分別在油品、氯離子、硫離子、微生物等不同環(huán)境因子影響下的腐蝕行為進(jìn)行了研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,16Mn鋼在汽油、柴油、重油等油品的腐蝕行為受陰極控制,其中在汽油中的腐蝕速度最大,柴油次之,重油最小,這主要是因?yàn)檠踉诓煌推分腥芙舛炔煌瑢?dǎo)致的;在Cl-溶液中,Q235鋼隨著Cl-濃度的升高,自腐蝕電流密度減小,腐蝕速率減慢,當(dāng)Cl-濃度大于10g/L時(shí),腐蝕速度隨著Cl-含量的升高而加快。16Mn鋼在Cl-溶液中的腐蝕速率隨著濃度增大而呈現(xiàn)先增加后減小的趨勢;在S2-溶液中,S2-濃度增加使Q235鋼的腐蝕速率呈現(xiàn)先加快后減慢而后趨于平緩的趨勢,且隨著硫離子濃度增加,陽極曲線愈發(fā)趨于鈍化,當(dāng)硫離子濃度大于2.5%時(shí),陽極出現(xiàn)明顯鈍化區(qū)。16Mn鋼隨著硫離子濃度增加,腐蝕速率不斷加快,但當(dāng)S2-含量超過2.5%時(shí),自腐蝕電流雖然還是增大,但是變化并不明顯,原因是16Mn鋼表面形成了具有保護(hù)性質(zhì)的腐蝕產(chǎn)物膜;Cl-濃度對(duì)Q235鋼在SRB中腐蝕行為影響顯著。當(dāng)溶液中Cl-含量低于50g/L時(shí),隨著Cl-含量增加,Cl-與SRB協(xié)同作用,Q235鋼腐蝕速度加快;而當(dāng)Cl-含量高于50g/L時(shí),鹽濃度升高抑制了硫酸鹽還原菌的生長,Q235腐蝕速率隨Cl-濃度增加而降低;不同的石油烴降解細(xì)菌對(duì)16Mn鋼的腐蝕行為影響不同。16Mn鋼在ASW-3中的腐蝕速率最快,ASS-2次之,ASW-1最慢。在ASW-1培養(yǎng)基中,隨著生物膜的生長和脫落,16Mn鋼的腐蝕速率先減小后增加;16Mn鋼在ASW-3培養(yǎng)基中腐蝕速率基本變化不大;16Mn在ASS-2培養(yǎng)基中,隨著ASS-2在代謝過程中產(chǎn)生的堿堆積,到第7天時(shí)腐蝕速率明顯增加,腐蝕速度加快。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world petroleum industry and the continuous development of energy demand, the reserve of crude oil and refined oil has received extensive attention, and the requirements for the reserve capacity of various oil depots are becoming higher and higher. As a result, the number of storage tanks has increased significantly. Most of the national oil reserve bases established in China since 2003 are located in coastal areas, the corrosion environment is worse than inland, and the life of storage tanks is shortened. The storage tank is an important part of the oil storage and transportation system, and is an indispensable main equipment in the production process. Exploring the corrosion law of the coastal steel storage tank under the influence of many environmental factors can not only provide theoretical guarantee for the design, construction and material selection of the steel storage tank in our country. At the same time, it is also of great practical significance to improve the design ability and construction level of storage tanks in China. This paper mainly adopts electrochemical experimental methods. Two kinds of steel materials, 16mn steel and Q235 steel, used in steel storage tank under laboratory conditions, were used in oil products, chloride ions and sulfur ions, respectively. The experimental results show that the corrosion behavior of 16mn steel in gasoline, diesel, heavy oil and other oil products is controlled by cathodes. The corrosion rate in gasoline is the largest, diesel oil is the second, and heavy oil is the least, which is mainly due to the different solubility of oxygen in different oils. With the increase of Cl-concentration in Cl-solution, the self-corrosion current density decreases and the corrosion rate slows down, when the Cl-concentration is more than 10g / L, the corrosion rate of steel Q235 decreases with the increase of Cl-concentration. With the increase of Cl- content, the corrosion rate of 16mn steel in Cl-solution increases firstly and then decreases. The corrosion rate of Q235 steel increased with the increase of S2- concentration in the solution. The corrosion rate of Q235 steel increased first and then slowed down, and the anodic curve tended to passivation with the increase of sulfur ion concentration. When the concentration of sulfur ion is greater than 2.5, the corrosion rate of the steel increases with the increase of the concentration of sulfur ion, but when the content of S ~ (2-) exceeds 2.5, the corrosion rate of steel is accelerated. Although the self-corrosion current is still increasing, the change is not obvious because of the corrosion product film formed on the surface of 16mn steel. The effect of Cl-concentration on the corrosion behavior of Q235 steel in SRB is significant. When the Cl-content in solution is less than 50g / L, the synergistic effect of Cl- and SRB increases with the increase of Cl-content. The corrosion rate of Q235 steel was accelerated; When the Cl- content was higher than 50 g / L, the corrosion rate of K2Q235 decreased with the increase of Cl- concentration, and the increase of salt concentration inhibited the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria. The corrosion behavior of 16mn steel was affected by different petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria. The corrosion rate of 16mn steel in ASW-3 was the fastest and the second was ASS-2. ASW-1 was the slowest. In ASW-1 medium, with the growth of biofilm and the corrosion rate of exfoliated 16mn steel, it decreased firstly and then increased. The corrosion rate of 16mn steel changed little in ASW-3 medium. The corrosion rate of 16mn in ASS-2 medium increased obviously at the 7th day with the accumulation of alkali in the metabolic process of ASS-2.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE988

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本文編號(hào)：1414653