本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于腐蝕實(shí)驗(yàn)與壽命預(yù)測(cè)的頁(yè)巖氣井套管生產(chǎn)安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究　出處：《重慶科技學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 頁(yè)巖氣 套管 腐蝕 掛片實(shí)驗(yàn) 壽命預(yù)測(cè)

【摘要】：由于套管的損壞，，油氣田的正常生產(chǎn)會(huì)受到嚴(yán)重影響。目前，套管損壞問(wèn)題研究已成為國(guó)內(nèi)外石油天然氣開(kāi)采中急需解決的重要問(wèn)題之一。油氣井自身技術(shù)和所處環(huán)境都十分復(fù)雜，目前，尚未找到有效的預(yù)防套管損壞的方法。套管損壞后再采取補(bǔ)救措施，不僅耗時(shí)費(fèi)力，而且效果也不甚理想。長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)，普遍認(rèn)為引起套管損壞的因素可大致分為腐蝕因素、工程因素、地質(zhì)因素、開(kāi)發(fā)因素四大類。其中，由腐蝕因素造成套管強(qiáng)度降低而損壞的事故頻頻發(fā)生。因此，研究套管腐蝕損壞機(jī)理和對(duì)套管實(shí)際使用中的腐蝕情況進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)測(cè)具有重要的理論意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。 本文以中國(guó)西南某頁(yè)巖氣開(kāi)采區(qū)塊一期產(chǎn)建區(qū)為工程依托，針對(duì)采用套管進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)具有的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，考慮到頁(yè)巖氣井具體的生產(chǎn)工藝和特點(diǎn)，在國(guó)內(nèi)外研究基礎(chǔ)之上，通過(guò)系統(tǒng)地分析和研究氣田復(fù)雜井況下套管腐蝕損壞的各種因素和機(jī)理，設(shè)計(jì)出合理可行的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)掛片實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法，研究頁(yè)巖氣井套管的腐蝕與磨損情況，在此基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)方法對(duì)頁(yè)巖氣井的套管腐蝕速率進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)，進(jìn)而對(duì)套管的安全性和使用壽命進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)和預(yù)測(cè)。論文主要工作與取得成果如下： （1）對(duì)引起套管損壞的腐蝕因素進(jìn)行了分類分析，主要分析了酸性物質(zhì)、鹽性物質(zhì)、硫化氫、細(xì)菌與磨損對(duì)套管的腐蝕的影響。介紹了均勻腐蝕和局部腐蝕兩種常用的套管腐蝕模型和腐蝕速率預(yù)測(cè)模型。對(duì)CO2濃度、流速、溫度、氯離子、碳酸根離子、硫酸根離子和鈣鎂離子對(duì)套管腐蝕的影響規(guī)律及其作用機(jī)理進(jìn)行了分析，為對(duì)套管使用壽命進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)和安全評(píng)價(jià)提供了基礎(chǔ)。 （2）對(duì)該頁(yè)巖氣區(qū)塊的頁(yè)巖氣組分和出水水質(zhì)、壓力溫度產(chǎn)量、井身結(jié)構(gòu)和套管設(shè)計(jì)等各個(gè)方面的情況進(jìn)行分析，為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)掛片實(shí)驗(yàn)的設(shè)計(jì)和套管壽命預(yù)測(cè)提供了基礎(chǔ)。分析表明：1）頁(yè)巖氣組分中的CO2和地層出水中所含的陽(yáng)離子（Ca2+、Mg2+）與陰離子（Cl－、HCO3、SO24）含量均會(huì)對(duì)套管腐蝕情況造成影響；2）項(xiàng)目采用套管完井的井身結(jié)構(gòu)方案，生產(chǎn)套管采用外徑為139.7mm，材質(zhì)為TP110T，壁厚為12.34mm的套管。 （3）為了客觀準(zhǔn)確地分析該頁(yè)巖氣區(qū)塊頁(yè)巖氣井的腐蝕狀況，本論文設(shè)計(jì)出一種合理可行的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)掛片實(shí)驗(yàn)方法，即從已經(jīng)試采的25口井中選擇n口井進(jìn)行掛片實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，然后通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)方法和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析，將實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果推廣到其他未測(cè)試井中。 （4）掛片實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中，監(jiān)測(cè)對(duì)溫度、流速、壓力等腐蝕影響因素，并測(cè)量不同測(cè)試井的CO2濃度和各種陽(yáng)離子（Ca2+、Mg2+）與陰離子（Cl－、、）含量，采用多元回歸分析或者神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行定量關(guān)系的數(shù)學(xué)擬合，得到各種影響因素與腐蝕速率的定量關(guān)系。從工程安全的角度，確定出不同階段各項(xiàng)影響因素的可能達(dá)到的最不利值，通過(guò)計(jì)算得出相應(yīng)階段的可能最大腐蝕速率。根據(jù)相應(yīng)的腐蝕速率和腐蝕時(shí)間，則可以評(píng)定套管腐蝕損傷等級(jí)，并對(duì)套管的腐蝕壽命和剩余強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。
[Abstract]:Due to casing damage, the normal production of oil and gas fields will be seriously affected. At present, the problem of casing damage has become one of the important problems of domestic and international oil and gas exploration needs to be resolved. Its oil and gas technology and environment are very complex. At present, the effective method for preventing casing damage has not been found. After casing damage to take remedial measures, not only time-consuming, and the effect is not ideal. For a long time, generally believe that the factors causing casing damage can be divided into corrosion factors, engineering factors, geological factors, development factors in four categories. Among them, the corrosion factors of casing strength reduce damage caused by accidents occur frequently. Therefore, research the damage mechanism of casing corrosion and the actual use of casing corrosion has important theoretical significance and practical value for monitoring and forecasting.
In this paper, Chinese southwest a shale gas block a production building area based on the project, the production of casing safety risk, considering the production process and the specific characteristics of shale gas, both at home and abroad on the basis of the study, through a variety of factors and the mechanism of systematic analysis and Research on gas field under complex well conditions of casing corrosion damage the design method is reasonable and feasible field test, and the wear corrosion of shale gas well casing, on this basis, predicted by the mathematical method of casing corrosion rate of shale gas, and the safety and service life of the casing for evaluation and prediction. The main work and achievements are as follows:
(1) to cause corrosion of casing damage is analyzed, the main analysis of the acidic substances, substances, salt of hydrogen sulfide, affecting bacteria and wear corrosion of the casing. The uniform corrosion and local corrosion of two kinds of commonly used model of casing corrosion and corrosion rate prediction model. The concentration of CO2, flow rate. Temperature, chloride, bicarbonate ions, and the mechanism of influence of casing corrosion of sulfate ion and magnesium ions were analyzed to predict and provide the basis for safety evaluation on the service life of the casing.
(2) the group of shale gas shale gas blocks and effluent water quality, temperature and pressure of production, by the analysis of well structure and casing design and other aspects of the situation, provide the basis for the design and life prediction for casing field immersion test. The results show that: 1) cation containing components in shale gas CO2 and formation water in (Ca2+, Mg2+) and anion (Cl, HCO3, SO24) content will affect the casing corrosion; 2) project by wellbore casing completion, the production casing diameter is 139.7mm, the material is TP110T, the wall thickness of 12.34mm tube.
(3) in order to objectively and accurately analyze the corrosion status of shale gas blocks in shale gas wells, this paper designs a reasonable and feasible field test method, namely n wells hanging experiments from the production has 25 wells, and then through the experimental data on mathematical methods and computer technology analysis the experimental results, will be extended to other non test wells.
(4) test process, monitoring of temperature, velocity, pressure and other factors affecting the corrosion, and measure the different test wells and CO2 concentration of various cations (Ca2+, Mg2+) and anions (Cl,,) content, mathematical fitting relationship determined by multiple regression analysis and neural network, quantitative the relationship between the various influencing factors and corrosion rate. From the engineering safety point of view, to determine the different stages of the various influencing factors may reach the most disadvantageous value, the maximum possible corrosion rate of the corresponding period of the calculated. According to the corrosion rate and corrosion time, can damage assessment level of casing corrosion, and corrosion life of casing and the residual strength prediction.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE931.2

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