發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-11 14:25

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：桂中坳陷泥盆系沉積相及巖相古地理研究　出處：《長江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 桂中坳陷 泥盆系 巖相古地理 沉積相 層序地層

【摘要】：桂中坳陷位于廣西壯族自治區(qū)中部,其地理坐標(biāo)約為東經(jīng)107°30′-110°30′,北緯23°00′-25°00’之間。大地構(gòu)造位置處于揚(yáng)子準(zhǔn)地臺與華南褶皺帶的結(jié)合部,其北倚雪峰山隆起,西以紫云—羅甸—都安斷裂與羅甸斷坳相鄰,南、東則以憑祥—大黎、龍勝—永福斷裂與大瑤山隆起和桂林坳陷過渡。晚古生代至三疊紀(jì),沉積盆地是形成在加里東褶皺基底之上的大陸邊緣拉張型盆地,早泥盆世晚期到早石炭世的陸內(nèi)擴(kuò)張,形成了桂中坳陷臺地、臺盆相間的被動大陸邊緣盆地格局。多年的基礎(chǔ)地質(zhì)研究和油氣勘探實(shí)踐過程中,在桂中地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)有大量的地表油氣苗、瀝青,在已完成的鉆探井中發(fā)現(xiàn)存在著豐富的油氣顯示和大量的瀝青層段。表明了桂中地區(qū)內(nèi)沉積有機(jī)質(zhì)豐富,原始生油條件優(yōu)越,并發(fā)生過大量的油氣生成、運(yùn)移、聚集與成藏過程。具有廣闊的油氣勘探前景,是中國南方最具潛力的含油氣盆地之一論文選取橫縣六景、黎塘—貴港剖面,東緣北流、象州剖面,東北緣桂林剖面、西緣南丹羅富剖面等進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究,共實(shí)測或觀測露頭剖面16條,累計(jì)剖面長8000余米。結(jié)合前人的研究成果,展開了泥盆系的區(qū)域地層對比,按不同相區(qū)的巖性組合特征將桂中坳陷泥盆系地層劃分為9個(gè)組,從老到新依次為蓮花山組、那高嶺組、郁江組、上倫組、大樂組、唐家灣組、桂林組、東村組、額頭村組。建立起了桂中坳陷泥盆系地層的綜合柱狀圖,地層的累計(jì)厚度2691m。桂中坳陷泥盆系地層主要出露于坳陷周邊地區(qū),是一套以海相碳酸鹽巖為主的連續(xù)沉積地層,巖性主要為生物灰?guī)r、生物屑灰?guī)r、泥晶—粉晶灰?guī)r、含泥或泥灰?guī)r、礁灰?guī)r、白云質(zhì)灰?guī)r、灰質(zhì)白云巖和白云巖；局部見有砂巖、含礫砂巖、粉砂巖、泥質(zhì)頁巖、泥質(zhì)灰?guī)r、泥灰?guī)r及硅質(zhì)巖等碎屑巖沉積。碳酸鹽巖沉積構(gòu)造較少,主要有疊層狀構(gòu)造、示頂?shù)讟?gòu)造、晶洞和櫛狀構(gòu)造、花斑和紋層狀構(gòu)造、塊狀層理、水平層理等。桂中坳陷泥盆系碳酸鹽巖灰?guī)r中,生物及生物屑極為發(fā)育,包括了：層孔蟲類、四射珊瑚類、橫板珊瑚類、腕足類和蘭綠藻等。它們在沉積學(xué)分析中具雙重意義,首先,它們作為顆粒,通過形態(tài)、大小、分選、圓度等結(jié)構(gòu)特征反映沉積環(huán)境的水動力條件。同時(shí),它們作為生物,通過其豐度、分異性、生態(tài)、保存狀態(tài)等反映生物的生活環(huán)境。因此具有特別重要的指示環(huán)境意義。以巖石學(xué)特征和生物學(xué)特征為沉積相的識別標(biāo)志進(jìn)行沉積體系與沉積相分析,這些標(biāo)志主要為巖石的顏色、巖石層厚和形態(tài)、巖石結(jié)構(gòu)組分和結(jié)構(gòu)類型、沉積構(gòu)造、巖石類型、生物的組分及豐度、生物的分異性、生物的組合、生物的保存狀態(tài)等。桂中坳陷泥盆系沉積建造包括了底部洛赫考夫階—布拉格階的碎屑巖建造和埃姆斯階—法門階的碳酸鹽巖建造。其中碳酸鹽巖沉積主要是碳酸鹽潮坪—臺地—生物丘—臺間裂陷盆地體系。臺地與斷陷盆地之間有臺地邊緣生物丘、臺地前緣斜坡。斜坡之外為深水盆地沉積�？梢詣澐譃榕_地、臺地邊緣、陸棚—臺溝三個(gè)相區(qū),并識出潮坪相、局限臺地相、開放臺地相、生物礁丘、藻礁相、臺地前緣斜坡相、陸棚相、臺溝相等9個(gè)沉積相帶。
[Abstract]:Located in central the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in Guizhong depression, about the geographical coordinates of longitude 107 degrees 30 degrees between '-110 30', 00 '-25 degrees north latitude and 23 degrees 00'. Tectonically located in the junction of Yangtze metaplatform and Southern China fold belt, the North West to the Ziyun Xuefeng uplift, Luodian Du'an fault and the Luodian fault depression adjacent to south, east to Pingxiang, Lebanon, Longsheng, Yongfu fault and transition in Dayaoshan uplift and depression of Guilin. Late Paleozoic to Triassic, sedimentary basin is a continental margin on the Caledonian fold basement extensional basin, late Early Devonian to Early Carboniferous intracontinental expansion the formation of the platform, in Guizhong depression, the pattern of the passive continental margin basin and basin. Geology study and practice of oil and gas exploration process for many years, there are a large number of surface oil and gas were discovered in the middle area of Guangxi asphalt, found in drilling wells have been completed in the There are abundant oil and gas shows and a large number of asphalt layers. That the Guangxi area of sedimentary organic matter abundance, the original source conditions, and had a large number of oil and gas generation, migration, accumulation and accumulation process. Wide oil and gas exploration prospects, is one of the most potential petroliferous basin the paper selects Hengxian six Chinese South King, Litang - Guigang section, the eastern margin of the north, Xiangzhou section, Northeastern Guilin section, systematic research on the western margin of the Nandan Luo section, were measured or observed outcrop section 16, the cumulative profile of more than 8000 meters long. Combined with previous research results, the regional stratigraphic correlation the Devonian, according to lithologic characteristics in different facies of the Devonian in Guizhong depression strata are divided into 9 groups, from the old to the new order of Lotus Hill group, the kaolin group, the group, shanglun group, music group, tangjiewan group, Guilin group, village group, village head Group. Established a comprehensive column of Devonian in Guizhong depression, major depression exposed in the surrounding areas of the Devonian strata in the total thickness of Guangxi 2691m. in depression, which is a set of marine carbonate rocks of the continuous sedimentary strata, lithology is mainly biogenic limestone, bioclastic limestone. Micritic limestone - powder, mud or limestone, reef limestone, dolomitic limestone, calcite dolomite and dolomite; see local sandstone, pebbly sandstone, siltstone, shale, argillaceous limestone, marl and siliceous rocks of clastic sedimentary carbonate sedimentary structure. Made less, there are laminated structures, geopetal structures, and geode ctenoid structure, and a laminated structure, massive bedding, horizontal bedding. Devonian in Guizhong depression carbonate in limestone, biological and biological chip is very well developed, including: stromatopora, rugose coral class Tabulata, brachiopods, and Blue green algae. They have dual significance in sedimentology analysis firstly, through them as particles, morphology, size, sorting, roundness and other structure reflects the characteristics of hydrodynamic conditions of the sedimentary environment. At the same time, as the creature, through its abundance, diversity, ecological preservation status reflect biological living environment. Therefore with indicating environmental significance particularly important. The petrological characteristics and biological characteristics to identify markers of sedimentary facies sedimentary system and sedimentary facies analysis, these signs mainly rock color, rock thickness and morphology, rock components and structure types, sedimentary structures, rock types, composition and abundance of organisms, divided specific biological, biological, biological state of preservation. The construction includes the bottom Hekaofu order - Prague Luo order of clastic rock and Ames order - Famennian DEVONIAN SEDIMENTARY carbon in Guizhong depression Acid salt rock formation. The sedimentary carbonate is mainly carbonate tidal flat - platform - Taiwan - bioherm rift basin system. The platform edge bioherm basin between the platform and the fault, foreslope. The slopes for deep sedimentary basin. Can be divided into platform, platform edge, shelf - Taiwan ditch three a phase region, and identify the tidal flat facies, restricted platform facies, open platform facies, reef mounds, algal reef facies, foreslope facies, continental shelf facies, facies Taiwan ditch 9 equal deposition.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13;P531

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