本文關(guān)鍵詞：交聯(lián)黃原膠的制備及其溶液流變性　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 黃原膠 交聯(lián) 流變性 抗溫性 部分水解聚丙烯酰胺 強(qiáng)化驅(qū)油

【摘要】：我國(guó)陸上油田都處于注水開(kāi)發(fā)中后期,均采用強(qiáng)化采油技術(shù)提高原油采收率,其中聚合物(溶液)驅(qū)是廣泛應(yīng)用的強(qiáng)化采油技術(shù)之一。部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, HPAM)是目前廣泛采用的驅(qū)油劑,其溶液粘度高,具有良好的驅(qū)油效果,但其抗鹽和抗剪切性差,不適用于高溫高鹽油藏。因此,開(kāi)發(fā)耐鹽耐溫聚合物驅(qū)油體系,以解決高溫高鹽油藏聚合物驅(qū)難題,成為油田化學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究重點(diǎn)之一。黃原膠(xanthan gum, XG)分子因具有雙螺旋及支化結(jié)構(gòu)而具有一定剛性,呈現(xiàn)出良好的抗鹽、抗剪切性能,但耐溫性差限制了其在強(qiáng)化采油領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用。本文探索研究了XG的交聯(lián)改性,以期提高其抗溫性,為其在高溫高鹽油藏強(qiáng)化驅(qū)油中的應(yīng)用提供依據(jù)。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及結(jié)論如下：(1)選取無(wú)機(jī)交聯(lián)劑三偏磷酸鈉(sodium trimetaphosphate, STMP)對(duì)XG進(jìn)行交聯(lián)改性,合成了水溶性低度交聯(lián)XG (SP-c-XG),依據(jù)其溶液粘度優(yōu)化出了最佳合成條件；考察了電解質(zhì)濃度、pH及溫度等對(duì)SP-c-XG溶液流變性的影響,并與XG溶液進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。結(jié)果表明,在所研究的電解質(zhì)(NaCl和CaCl2)濃度(0～5wt%)、pH (2-11)和溫度(20-70℃)范圍內(nèi),SP-c-XG和XG溶液的流變曲線均為假塑型,符合Herschel-Bulkley模型；其屈服值、表觀粘度和動(dòng)力學(xué)模量隨電解質(zhì)濃度增大均先下降后上升,而隨pH值的升高先升高后降低,隨溫度升高而降低。SP-c-XG和XG溶液具有相似的流變性,但與XG溶液相比,SP-c-XG溶液具有更高的屈服值和表觀粘度,特別是具有更強(qiáng)的彈性和耐溫性,在油田強(qiáng)化采油領(lǐng)域具有重要應(yīng)用前景。(2)采用有機(jī)交聯(lián)劑戊二醛(glutaraldehyde, GA)、酚醛樹(shù)脂(phenol-formaldehyde resin,PR)和HX,對(duì)黃原膠(xG)和純化黃原膠(XGm)進(jìn)行交聯(lián)改性,合成了水溶性低度交聯(lián)XG和XGm,記為(A-c-XG (XGm)、 PR-c-XG (XGm)和HX-c-XG (XGm),發(fā)現(xiàn)可明顯增強(qiáng)其溶液的耐溫能力；特別是HX交聯(lián)XGm(HX-c-XGm),在90℃熱貯140天,溶液的粘度不降低,表現(xiàn)出很強(qiáng)的抗溫能力。室內(nèi)模擬驅(qū)油實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在高礦化度(100000 ppm)條件下,HX-c-XGm溶液的驅(qū)油效果明顯高于現(xiàn)用HPAM溶液體系,在高礦化度油藏強(qiáng)化采油領(lǐng)域有良好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:All onshore oil fields in China are in the middle and late stage of waterflooding development, so enhanced oil recovery technology is adopted to improve oil recovery. Polymer (solution) flooding is one of the widely used enhanced oil recovery technologies. Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide hydrolyzed polyacrylamide. HPAM is a widely used oil displacement agent, its solution viscosity is high, it has good oil displacement effect, but its salt resistance and shear resistance is poor, so it is not suitable for high temperature and high salt reservoirs. In order to solve the problem of polymer flooding in high temperature and high salt reservoirs, the development of salt and temperature tolerant polymer flooding system has become one of the key research points in the field of oilfield chemistry. Xanthan gum. XG) molecules are rigid due to their double helix and branched structure, showing good salt resistance and shear resistance. However, the poor temperature tolerance limits its application in the field of enhanced oil recovery. In this paper, the cross-linking modification of XG is studied in order to improve its temperature resistance. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) selecting inorganic crosslinking agent sodium trimetaphosphate (. Sodium trimetaphosphate. XG was crosslinked and modified by STMP.The water soluble low crosslinking XG SP-c-XGG was synthesized and the optimum conditions were optimized according to its solution viscosity. The effects of electrolyte concentration, pH and temperature on the rheological properties of SP-c-XG solution were investigated and compared with that of XG solution. The concentrations of NaCl and CaCl2) were measured in the range of pH 2-11 and temperature 20-70 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1402408