本文關(guān)鍵詞：非水相溶劑起泡性能及穩(wěn)定機(jī)理研究　出處：《西安石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 氟碳表面活性劑 非水相溶劑 發(fā)泡性能 表面張力 穩(wěn)定性

【摘要】：非水相泡沫在石油化工等領(lǐng)域有著非常重要的應(yīng)用,但對其發(fā)泡原因,界面結(jié)構(gòu)及穩(wěn)定性的基礎(chǔ)理論尚未所知,該體系在油田中的應(yīng)用受到嚴(yán)重影響。本文以探索非水相泡沫的形成及穩(wěn)定機(jī)理為目標(biāo),在烷烴、芳烴及油脂中篩選出能夠使其起泡的表面活性劑,利用表面張力,液相粘度以及溶劑極性大小揭示對其發(fā)泡行為的影響,并采用光學(xué)顯微鏡分析表面活性劑在油-氣界面的吸附行為。經(jīng)分析得出如下結(jié)論:(1)不論什么發(fā)泡劑在非水相溶劑中,發(fā)泡體積一般都是隨著濃度增大到一定程度后,呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢,或者增加幅度減小,而不會一直增加下去�？傮w來看在同一濃度的表面活性劑下,芳烴發(fā)泡量大于烷烴,甘油發(fā)泡量大于石蠟;在同一溶劑中,氟碳表面活性劑活性強(qiáng)于普通表面活性劑。(2)芳烴溶劑中,基團(tuán)越少,隨氟碳表面活性劑FC-03和TF3721濃度的增大,降低表面張力及提高液相粘度的可能性越大,發(fā)泡性和泡沫穩(wěn)定性越好。在同一氟碳表面活性劑FC-118下,甘油比石蠟表面張力降低值大的多,比石蠟發(fā)泡量及泡沫穩(wěn)定性好。甘油為極性溶劑,其余均為非極性溶劑。溶劑極性越大,泡沫穩(wěn)定性越好。(3)利用顯微鏡觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)在甲苯中FC-03表面活性劑吸附在液膜表面不能形成穩(wěn)定的氣泡。而TF3721在甲苯中所形成的氣泡能夠緊密的排列在一起,呈現(xiàn)層狀結(jié)構(gòu),由于液膜較厚,彈性和斥力較大,能夠形成穩(wěn)定的泡沫。(4)在芳烴中表面活性劑FC-03和TF3721分別與油酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯以1:4比例復(fù)配后,能夠更大程度增強(qiáng)非水相溶劑的起泡力和泡沫穩(wěn)定性,比單一表面活性劑具有更好的使用效果。利用光學(xué)顯微鏡可以觀察到氣泡周圍黑色圈為發(fā)泡劑FC-03或TF3721在氣泡表面緊密定向排列的表面膜,最外層為穩(wěn)泡劑的親油基吸附非水相分子所形成的溶劑化油膜,有助于泡沫的穩(wěn)定。(5)癸烷和十二烷分別與二甲苯以1:5比例混合,加入氟碳表面活性劑FC-03或TF3721能夠使混合溶劑發(fā)泡體積高于單一溶劑。而加入硅油,不能使混合溶劑發(fā)泡量強(qiáng)于單一溶劑。
[Abstract]:Non aqueous foam has an important application in the field of petroleum, but the foaming reason, the basic theory of interface structure and stability is not known, application of this system in oil field has been seriously affected. This paper is to explore the mechanisms of the formation and stability of non aqueous foam as the goal, in alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and oils the screening surface activity can make the foaming agent, using surface tension, liquid viscosity and solvent polarity effect on the foaming behavior reveal, adsorption and analysis of agent in the gas oil interface surface activity by optical microscope. The conclusions are as follows: (1) no matter what the non foaming agent aqueous solvent, foaming volume is generally as the concentration increases to a certain extent, decreased, or increased, and would not have been on the increase. The overall surface activity at the same concentration of surfactant The foaming amount is greater than the aromatic, alkane, glycerin foaming quantity greater than paraffin; in the same solvent, fluorocarbon surfactant activity is better than conventional surfactants. (2) in the group of aromatic solvent, less with the increase of fluorocarbon surfactant FC-03 and TF3721 concentration, reduce the surface tension and increase the likelihood of liquid viscosity the greater the foamability and foam stability better. In the same fluorocarbon surfactant FC-118, glycerol reduced value greater than the wax surface tension, foaming capacity and foam stability than paraffin. Glycerol as polar solvent, the rest are non polar solvent. The solvent polarity is larger, the better the foam stability.. (3) observed by microscopy found in FC-03 in toluene adsorption of surfactant to form stable bubbles in the liquid surface. And the TF3721 not in the formation of toluene bubble can be arranged closely together, layered structure, because the film is thick, elastic And repulsion larger, can form a stable foam. (4) in aromatic surfactants FC-03 and TF3721 respectively with oleic acid two ethanol amide borate with a ratio of 1:4, respectively, to a greater degree to enhance the foaming ability and foam stability of non-aqueous solvent, which is better than the single surfactant can use effect. The black ring is observed around the bubble film blowing agent FC-03 or TF3721 on the bubble surface closely aligned with optical microscope, the outermost layer is the solvent oil lipophilic non aqueous molecular adsorption film formed stable agent, contribute to foam stability. (5) decane and twelve alkyl respectively with xylene in the 1:5 mixing ratio, adding fluorocarbon surfactant FC-03 or TF3721 can make the mixed solvent foaming volume is higher than single solvent. While adding silicone oil, mixed solvent can make foam volume stronger than single solvent.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE39

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