本文選題：哈爾濱市 + 城市綠地�。� 參考：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放后我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)得到了快速的發(fā)展,尤其伴隨著城市化進(jìn)程的不斷加快,城市綠地在城市環(huán)境改善和人們生產(chǎn)生活中發(fā)揮的作用越來(lái)越受到重視。城市綠地系統(tǒng)是城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,它是城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中唯一執(zhí)行“納污吐新”的負(fù)反饋?zhàn)酉到y(tǒng),是完善城市生態(tài)和維持自然生態(tài)平衡的關(guān)要素,是城市居民生活質(zhì)量的重要標(biāo)志。因此科學(xué)合理的城市綠地系統(tǒng)布局對(duì)城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)和功能的提升具有重要的意義,為城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展策略的實(shí)施提供有利的保障。 本文通過(guò)查閱大量的文獻(xiàn)資料,對(duì)景觀生態(tài)學(xué)和城市綠地系統(tǒng)理論研究進(jìn)行整理和總結(jié),運(yùn)用2005年和2011年兩期QuickBird影像為主要數(shù)據(jù)源,在RS和GIS技術(shù)支持下提取綠地信息,應(yīng)用景觀生態(tài)學(xué)的原理和方法對(duì)城市綠地系統(tǒng)分布格局和景觀格局動(dòng)態(tài)變化進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)分析。以哈爾濱城市綠地系統(tǒng)為例,結(jié)合哈爾濱市城市綠地系統(tǒng)相關(guān)研究數(shù)據(jù)和景觀格局指數(shù),通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)勘察和專題圖制作的方式,對(duì)城市綠地系統(tǒng)和公園綠地布局做了系統(tǒng)的定性分析,最后針對(duì)哈爾濱城市綠地系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化策略提出建議。希望能為哈爾濱市城市綠地系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)與格局的完善提供參考。 研究根據(jù)《城市綠地分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》,將哈爾濱研究區(qū)綠地范圍限定為：公園綠地、附屬綠地、防護(hù)綠地、生產(chǎn)綠地等四類。研究結(jié)果顯示：四類綠地面積差異大,以附屬綠地面積最大,占城區(qū)綠地總面積的56.15%,公園綠地次之,生產(chǎn)綠地最小。各行政區(qū)綠地覆蓋率以香坊區(qū)最高、其次是道里區(qū)、道外區(qū)和南崗區(qū)。2005-2011年哈爾濱研究區(qū)綠地面積從3336.59ha增加至4186.49ha,綠地覆蓋率從20%提高到26%。從景觀指數(shù)動(dòng)態(tài)變化數(shù)據(jù)可以發(fā)現(xiàn),研究區(qū)內(nèi)景觀多樣性指數(shù)、均勻度在下降,優(yōu)勢(shì)度、蔓延度則在提高,而綠地景觀破碎化程度有減小的趨勢(shì),綠地景觀連接度增加,說(shuō)明綠地空間分布不均勻日益凸顯,各區(qū)不同類型綠地斑塊發(fā)展不均衡,但由于近幾年哈爾濱生態(tài)城市建設(shè)措施不斷實(shí)施和對(duì)現(xiàn)有綠地保護(hù)力度的不斷加大,使城市綠地斑塊破碎化程度有所降低,城市綠地之間的連通性多有增加。在數(shù)據(jù)分析的基礎(chǔ)上從生態(tài)效益和景觀可達(dá)性角度分別對(duì)城市綠地系統(tǒng)和公園綠地布局提出了優(yōu)化對(duì)策和發(fā)展建議,以改善城市環(huán)境質(zhì)量,建設(shè)適宜人居的城市綠地系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening up, the economy of our country has been developed rapidly, especially with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the role of urban green space in the improvement of urban environment and people's production and life has been paid more and more attention. Urban green space system is an important part of urban ecosystem. It is the only negative feedback subsystem in urban ecosystem, which is the key factor to perfect urban ecology and maintain natural ecological balance. Is an important symbol of the quality of life of urban residents. Therefore, the scientific and reasonable layout of urban green space system is of great significance to the construction and function of urban ecosystem, and provides a favorable guarantee for the implementation of urban sustainable development strategy. In this paper, the landscape ecology and urban green space system theory are summarized by consulting a large amount of literature. The QuickBird images in 2005 and 2011 are used as the main data sources, and the green space information is extracted with the support of RS and GIS technology. The principles and methods of landscape ecology were applied to evaluate and analyze the distribution pattern and landscape pattern of urban green space system. Taking Harbin urban green space system as an example, combining the relevant research data and landscape pattern index of Harbin urban green space system, through the way of field survey and thematic map making, This paper makes a systematic qualitative analysis on the urban green space system and park green space layout, and finally puts forward some suggestions for the optimization strategy of Harbin urban green space system. Hope to provide reference for the structure and pattern of urban green space system in Harbin. According to the Classification Standard of Urban Green Space, the study limited the green space scope of Harbin Research area to four categories: park greenbelt, subsidiary green space, protected green space and production green space. The results show that there is a great difference in the area of the four types of green space, with the attached green space being the largest, accounting for 56.15% of the total area of urban green space, the park greenbelt being the second, and the production greenbelt being the smallest. From 2005 to 2011, the green space area of Harbin Research area increased from 3336.59ha to 4186.49ha. the green space coverage rate increased from 20% to 26%. From the dynamic change data of landscape index, it can be found that the evenness of landscape diversity index in the study area is decreasing, the dominance and spreading degree are increasing, while the degree of landscape fragmentation is decreasing, and the connectivity of green landscape is increasing. It shows that the spatial distribution of green space is becoming increasingly uneven, and the development of different types of green patches is not balanced. However, due to the continuous implementation of ecological city construction measures in Harbin in recent years and the increasing efforts to protect the existing green space, The fragmentation degree of urban green patch is reduced, and the connectivity between urban green space is increased. On the basis of data analysis, this paper puts forward the optimization countermeasures and development suggestions for urban green space system and park green space layout from the angle of ecological benefit and landscape accessibility, respectively, in order to improve the quality of urban environment and build urban green space system suitable for human settlement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU985.2

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