本文選題：蜂窩夾層 + 隔聲量��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：高速列車在通過高鐵高架車站時會對候車廳產(chǎn)生嚴重的噪聲影響。候車廳噪聲來源包括站臺層傳入的直達聲和室內(nèi)混響聲，且候車廳站房建筑頂板為主要噪聲輻射源。為改善候車廳室內(nèi)聲學環(huán)境，在天棚加裝降噪結(jié)構是最直接有效的措施，本文提出了一種隔吸聲復合式蜂窩夾層結(jié)構，并結(jié)合理論分析，建模計算和實驗測試對復合結(jié)構進行了參數(shù)設計，同時驗證復合結(jié)構的降噪效果。 本文根據(jù)波動原理推導了蜂窩夾層板的隔聲量表達式，運用聲學間接邊界元法計算了不同規(guī)格蜂窩夾層的隔聲量，研究了參數(shù)對隔聲性能的影響規(guī)律。利用模態(tài)分析法研究了不同結(jié)構的隔聲頻段特點，相比其他結(jié)構，蜂窩夾層板表現(xiàn)出較好的低頻隔聲效果。 建立微穿孔板的聲電類比模型，計算了結(jié)構的吸聲系數(shù)。研究了吸聲系數(shù)峰值、吸聲帶寬和共振頻率隨結(jié)構參數(shù)變化的規(guī)律。在此基礎上，計算了雙層串聯(lián)微穿孔結(jié)構的吸聲系數(shù)，研究了空腔高度組合對吸聲帶寬和吸聲系數(shù)峰值的影響規(guī)律。相比單層微穿孔結(jié)構，雙層結(jié)構吸聲帶寬向低頻擴展，低頻吸聲效果更為顯著。 利用阻抗管進行了蜂窩夾層板隔聲量和微孔蜂窩板吸聲系數(shù)的測試實驗。加工和測試了不同規(guī)格的樣件，總結(jié)了兩種結(jié)構降噪量實驗結(jié)果隨參數(shù)變化的規(guī)律。對比蜂窩夾層結(jié)構隔聲量仿真計算與實驗測試結(jié)果，分析了密封和邊界條件對結(jié)構低頻隔聲效果的影響。 根據(jù)蜂窩夾層板隔聲量計算和測試結(jié)果，設計了隔吸聲復合結(jié)構的隔聲結(jié)構參數(shù)。利用正交試驗方法設計了復合結(jié)構的吸聲部分，確定了最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合。結(jié)合雙層微孔結(jié)構研究結(jié)果和多孔材料吸聲特性，進行了隔吸聲復合式蜂窩夾層結(jié)構的設計，確定了結(jié)構的層疊方式和主要結(jié)構參數(shù)。對所設計的隔吸聲復合結(jié)構進行了等效面密度計算，開展了隔聲量和吸收系數(shù)測試實驗。計算和實驗結(jié)果表明，所設計隔吸聲復合式蜂窩夾層結(jié)構滿足設計目標要求。
[Abstract]:The high-speed train will have a serious noise effect on the waiting room when it passes through the high-speed elevated station. The noise sources of the waiting room include the direct sound and the reverberation sound from the platform floor, and the roof of the waiting room building is the main source of noise radiation. In order to improve the indoor acoustic environment of the waiting room, it is the most direct and effective measure to add the noise reduction structure in the ceiling. In this paper, a kind of compound honeycomb sandwich structure with sound insulation and absorption is put forward, and the theoretical analysis is combined. The parameter design of the composite structure was carried out by modeling, calculation and experimental test, and the noise reduction effect of the composite structure was verified at the same time. In this paper, the sound insulation expression of honeycomb sandwich plate is derived according to the wave principle. The acoustic indirect boundary element method is used to calculate the sound insulation of honeycomb sandwich with different specifications, and the influence of parameters on the sound insulation performance is studied. The characteristics of sound insulation frequency bands of different structures are studied by modal analysis. Compared with other structures, honeycomb sandwich plates exhibit better low frequency sound insulation effect. The acoustoelectric analogy model of microperforated plate is established and the sound absorption coefficient of the structure is calculated. The variation of the peak absorption coefficient, the absorption bandwidth and the resonance frequency with the structure parameters are studied. On this basis, the sound absorption coefficient of the double-layer series microperforated structure is calculated, and the influence of the cavity height combination on the absorption bandwidth and the peak value of the sound absorption coefficient is studied. Compared with single-layer microperforated structure, the sound absorption bandwidth of double layer structure is extended to low frequency, and the effect of low frequency sound absorption is more remarkable. The sound insulation of honeycomb sandwich plate and the sound absorption coefficient of microporous honeycomb plate were measured by impedance tube. Samples of different specifications were processed and tested, and the experimental results of noise reduction of two structures were summarized. Compared with the simulation and experimental results of sound insulation of honeycomb sandwich structure, the effects of sealing and boundary conditions on the low frequency sound insulation of the structure are analyzed. According to the calculation and test results of the sound insulation of honeycomb sandwich plate, the sound insulation structure parameters of the composite structure are designed. The sound absorption part of the composite structure was designed by orthogonal test, and the optimal parameter combination was determined. Combined with the research results of double-layer microporous structure and the sound absorption characteristics of porous materials, the design of compound honeycomb sandwich structure with sound insulation and absorption was carried out, and the stacking mode and main structural parameters of the structure were determined. The equivalent surface density of the composite structure was calculated, and the sound insulation and absorption coefficient were measured. The results of calculation and experiment show that the design of the compound honeycomb sandwich structure with sound insulation and absorption meets the requirements of the design goal.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU87

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本文編號：1819964