本文選題：隔震技術(shù) + 簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座�。� 參考：《廣州大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：村鎮(zhèn)面積占我國(guó)國(guó)土面積90%以上，村鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)人口占我國(guó)總?cè)丝诘?0%以上。受社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的限制，村鎮(zhèn)民用建筑，造價(jià)較低，基本上沒(méi)有考慮抗震設(shè)防。一旦出現(xiàn)地震災(zāi)害，村鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)的房屋將會(huì)大量倒塌，人員傷亡慘重。“小震成災(zāi)”甚至“小震大災(zāi)”成為村鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)地震災(zāi)害的顯著特點(diǎn)。傳統(tǒng)的疊層鋼板橡膠隔震技術(shù)在世界范圍內(nèi)經(jīng)受了地震的考驗(yàn)，證明具有令人驚嘆的隔震減震效果。但傳統(tǒng)的疊層鋼板橡膠隔震支座重量大，制作工藝復(fù)雜，造價(jià)高，很難在村鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)推廣使用。 利用纖維增強(qiáng)工程塑料板替代傳統(tǒng)疊層鋼板橡膠隔震支座中的鋼板，本文研發(fā)出一種新型簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座—纖維增強(qiáng)工程塑料板夾層橡膠隔震支座。由于具有隔震減震性能良好、工藝簡(jiǎn)單、造價(jià)低廉、重量輕、運(yùn)輸安裝時(shí)不需大型器械，可人工搬運(yùn)安裝、便于施工等特點(diǎn)，新型纖維增強(qiáng)工程塑料板夾層橡膠隔震支座適合在低造價(jià)村鎮(zhèn)砌體房屋中推廣應(yīng)用，為提高廣大村鎮(zhèn)房屋的抗震性能提供了一種有效的技術(shù)途徑。論文圍繞新型簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座展開(kāi)了以下主要研究工作： （1）新型簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座的研發(fā)。對(duì)纖維增強(qiáng)工程塑料板進(jìn)行拉伸和彎曲性能試驗(yàn)。選擇化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定、造價(jià)低廉、力學(xué)性能可靠的纖維增強(qiáng)工程塑料板，，替代傳統(tǒng)疊層橡膠隔震支座中的鋼板，制作出熱硫化成型的新型簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座。 （2）新型簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座的力學(xué)性能試驗(yàn)。對(duì)新型簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的壓縮性能、水平剪切性能、面壓相關(guān)性、剪切應(yīng)變相關(guān)性、豎向極限性能，以及阻尼特性等試驗(yàn)研究。基于支座的力學(xué)性能試驗(yàn)得到其界限性能曲線，并提出簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座面壓和水平剪切位移的合理設(shè)計(jì)范圍。 （3）新型簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座有限元仿真分析。利用通用有限元軟件ABAQUS建立簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座的三維實(shí)體有限元模型。分析在豎向壓縮和水平剪切狀態(tài)下，支座內(nèi)部纖維增強(qiáng)工程塑料板和橡膠層的應(yīng)力狀況，探討支座水平剛度和纖維增強(qiáng)工程塑料板彈性模量的關(guān)系，以及纖維增強(qiáng)工程塑料板和橡膠層應(yīng)力狀況隨加勁層彈性模量、邊界有無(wú)固定約束等因素變化的規(guī)律。在此基礎(chǔ)上，提出簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座的水平承載機(jī)理，以及翹曲因素對(duì)支座內(nèi)部纖維增強(qiáng)工程塑料板和橡膠層應(yīng)力狀態(tài)的影響規(guī)律。 （4）按1/4縮尺比對(duì)海南農(nóng)村民房典型結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行原結(jié)構(gòu)模型、加強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)模型和隔震結(jié)構(gòu)模型的模擬地震振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)。通過(guò)對(duì)比分析原結(jié)構(gòu)模型、加強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)模型和隔震結(jié)構(gòu)模型在不同地震輸入下的結(jié)構(gòu)反應(yīng)特征，綜合考察海南典型農(nóng)村自建民居原結(jié)構(gòu)和加強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震性能，并對(duì)內(nèi)置纖維增強(qiáng)工程塑料板夾層橡膠隔震支座砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的隔震減震效果進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)。 （5）利用ABAQUS建立原結(jié)構(gòu)模型、加強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)模型、隔震結(jié)構(gòu)模型的三維非線性動(dòng)力有限元模型，對(duì)之進(jìn)行彈塑性地震反應(yīng)分析，并與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比。在此基礎(chǔ)上分析原結(jié)構(gòu)模型、加強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)模型和隔震結(jié)構(gòu)模型中裂縫開(kāi)展情況，進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證簡(jiǎn)易隔震技術(shù)的有效性，為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用提供理論支持。 （6）將簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座應(yīng)用于強(qiáng)震區(qū)某鄉(xiāng)村抗震示范樓工程。對(duì)該工程進(jìn)行隔震設(shè)計(jì)，并基于簡(jiǎn)易隔震支座提出一種適合于低矮村鎮(zhèn)建筑的隔震連接構(gòu)造措施和施工工藝。
[Abstract]:Village towns occupy more than 90 % of our country ' s land area , and the population of villages and towns accounts for more than 70 % of our country ' s total population . With the limitation of social and economic development level , the houses in villages and towns will collapse in a large amount .

This paper develops a new kind of simple shock - isolating support - fiber - reinforced engineering plastic plate sandwich rubber shock - isolating support , which is suitable for spreading and application in low - cost village - town masonry house , and provides an effective technical way for improving the seismic performance of the house .

( 1 ) The research and development of a new type of simple shock - isolating support . The fiber - reinforced engineering plastic plate is subjected to tensile and bending performance tests . The fiber - reinforced engineering plastic plate with stable chemical structure , low manufacturing cost and reliable mechanical property is selected to replace the steel plate in the traditional laminated rubber shock - isolating support , so as to produce a novel simple shock - isolating support for hot vulcanization molding .

( 2 ) The mechanical property test of a new type of simple shock - isolating support . The compression performance , horizontal shearing performance , surface pressure correlation , shear strain correlation , vertical ultimate performance and damping characteristic of the new simple shock - isolating support are studied . Based on the mechanical property test of the support , the limit performance curve is obtained , and the reasonable design range of the surface pressure and horizontal shear displacement of the simple isolation bearing is proposed .

( 3 ) The finite element simulation of a new type of simple shock - isolating support is analyzed . The stress conditions of the plastic plate and the rubber layer in the reinforced engineering plastic sheet and the rubber layer of the support are analyzed under the condition of vertical compression and horizontal shearing . The relationship between the horizontal rigidity of the support and the elastic modulus of the fiber - reinforced engineering plastic sheet is discussed , and the stress conditions of the plastic plate and the rubber layer of the fiber - reinforced engineering are discussed .

( 4 ) According to the scale ratio of 1 / 4 , the original structure model , structural model and seismic isolation structure model of Hainan rural residential buildings are simulated . By comparing the original structure model , the structural response characteristics of the structure model and the seismic isolation structure model under different seismic inputs , the seismic performance of the self - built residential structure and the strengthening structure of the typical rural self - built dwellings are comprehensively investigated , and the seismic isolation effect of the built - in fiber reinforced engineering plastic plate sandwich rubber shock isolation bearing masonry structure is comprehensively evaluated .

( 5 ) A three - dimensional nonlinear dynamic finite element model of the original structure model , the reinforcement structure model and the seismic isolation structure model is established by using the finite element model , and the elastic - plastic seismic response analysis is carried out and compared with the experimental results .

( 6 ) The simple seismic isolation support is applied to the anti - seismic demonstration building project of a village in the strong earthquake area . The seismic isolation design of the project is carried out , and a seismic isolation connection structure and construction process suitable for low - low village buildings are put forward based on the simple seismic isolation support .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU352.12

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