本文選題：地下工程 + 施工風(fēng)險　； 參考：《中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)(工程管理與信息技術(shù)學(xué)院)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市地下工程具有施工難度大、現(xiàn)場環(huán)境條件復(fù)雜、工期長、技術(shù)要求高、對環(huán)境影響控制要求高等特點,地下工程建設(shè)帶有很強(qiáng)的不確定性,是一項非常復(fù)雜的高風(fēng)險性的系統(tǒng)工程,若風(fēng)險控制不力,將可能發(fā)生重大安全事故,給國家和人民帶來巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的負(fù)面社會影響。實踐表明,加強(qiáng)地下工程建設(shè)的風(fēng)險管理,實施地下工程施工第三方監(jiān)測是保證施工安全和工程質(zhì)量十分重要的舉措,可有效地避免施工過程中可能發(fā)生的事故。 在此背景下,本文以第三方監(jiān)測巡查工作為背景,以風(fēng)險管理為依據(jù),完成了巡查預(yù)警系統(tǒng)平臺內(nèi)容的設(shè)計研究,本文的主要完成的工作如下： (1)本文通過查閱大量文獻(xiàn),介紹了地下工程發(fā)展概況及施工安全風(fēng)險管理的必要性和緊迫性,歸納總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外地下工程風(fēng)險管理和地下工程監(jiān)控及信息化管理的研究現(xiàn)狀、不足之處和發(fā)展趨勢。 (2)本文結(jié)合地下工程的特點,針對第三方監(jiān)測工作需要、所承擔(dān)的責(zé)任和可能遇到的問題,對平臺服務(wù)的對象、巡查的頻率、作用和需求進(jìn)行分解,利用層次分析法建立第三方監(jiān)測巡查預(yù)警系統(tǒng)平臺框架。 (3)本文采用核查表法、專家調(diào)研法及頭腦風(fēng)暴法,研究分析了地下工程建設(shè)潛在的風(fēng)險因素,較全面地分析和識別出地下工程施工期的安全風(fēng)險事件和可能發(fā)生的預(yù)警點。識別出安全風(fēng)險事件50類,可能發(fā)生的預(yù)警點132項。其中礦山法安全風(fēng)險事件21類,可能發(fā)生的預(yù)警點47項；明挖法安全風(fēng)險事件7類,可能發(fā)生的預(yù)警點30項；盾構(gòu)法安全風(fēng)險事件9類,可能發(fā)生的預(yù)警點21項；周邊環(huán)境6大類風(fēng)險源安全風(fēng)險事件13類,可能發(fā)生的預(yù)警點34項。 (4)本文采用德爾菲法、專家調(diào)研法和風(fēng)險矩陣法,評估了已識別可能發(fā)生的預(yù)警點的風(fēng)險等級,總結(jié)了第三方監(jiān)測現(xiàn)場巡查的重點內(nèi)容,評估出預(yù)警點五級風(fēng)險0項,四級風(fēng)險32項,三級風(fēng)險89項,二級風(fēng)險11項。提出以可能發(fā)生高風(fēng)險預(yù)警點的風(fēng)險事件為現(xiàn)場巡查的重點,經(jīng)研究共得出現(xiàn)場巡檢重點內(nèi)容21項。以預(yù)警點的事故等級為巡查預(yù)警級別標(biāo)準(zhǔn),得出紅色預(yù)警4項,橙色預(yù)警39項,黃色預(yù)警54項。為風(fēng)險監(jiān)控和預(yù)警輔助決策提供了技術(shù)保障。 系統(tǒng)平臺的建設(shè)為第三方監(jiān)測單位提供統(tǒng)一工作平臺,解決了現(xiàn)場巡查點的技術(shù)資料無法實時查詢,現(xiàn)場巡查時風(fēng)險識別、評估和預(yù)警工作對從業(yè)人員的工作經(jīng)驗及技術(shù)能力依賴性過強(qiáng),避免出現(xiàn)因從業(yè)人員經(jīng)驗不足或技術(shù)水平不夠而出現(xiàn)的出現(xiàn)風(fēng)險漏查、預(yù)警漏報的情況,基本做到適時、適處、有效、系統(tǒng)的完成第三方監(jiān)測巡查和預(yù)警決策工作,增強(qiáng)第三方監(jiān)測工作的時效性、科學(xué)性,為保障地下工程建設(shè)安全發(fā)揮重要作用。
[Abstract]:Urban underground engineering has the characteristics of difficult construction, complex site environmental conditions, long construction period, high technical requirements, high requirements for environmental impact control, etc. The underground engineering construction has strong uncertainty.It is a very complex system engineering with high risk. If the risk control is not enough, there will be serious safety accidents, which will bring huge economic losses to the country and people, and produce serious negative social impact.The practice shows that strengthening the risk management of underground engineering construction and carrying out the third-party monitoring of underground engineering construction are very important measures to ensure the construction safety and engineering quality, and can effectively avoid the possible accidents in the construction process.Under this background, this paper takes the third party monitoring and inspection as the background, based on the risk management, completes the design research of the platform content of the inspection and warning system. The main work of this paper is as follows:This paper introduces the development of underground engineering and the necessity and urgency of construction safety risk management, and summarizes the research status of underground engineering risk management, underground engineering monitoring and information management at home and abroad.Deficiencies and trends.2) according to the characteristics of underground engineering, aiming at the needs, responsibilities and problems of the third party monitoring work, this paper decomposes the object of platform service, the frequency of inspection, the function and demand.The framework of the third party monitoring and early warning system is established by using the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP).In this paper, the potential risk factors of underground engineering construction are studied and analyzed by means of verification table method, expert investigation method and brainstorming method, and the safety risk events and possible early warning points during the construction period of underground engineering are analyzed and identified comprehensively.Identify 50 types of security risk events, 132 possible warning points.Among them, 21 types of mine law safety risk events, 47 possible early warning points, 7 types of open excavation safety risk events, 30 possible early warning points, 9 types of shield tunneling safety risk events, 21 possible early warning points;There are 6 types of risk sources, 13 types of security events and 34 possible warning points in the surrounding environment.In this paper, Delphi method, expert investigation method and risk matrix method are used to evaluate the risk levels of the potential early warning points identified, and the key contents of field inspection by third party monitoring are summarized, and 0 items of five risk levels are evaluated.There are 32 fourth-level risks, 89 third-level risks and 11 second-level risks.This paper puts forward that the risk event of high risk early warning point may be the focal point of field inspection, and 21 items of key contents of site inspection are obtained by studying.According to the accident grade of warning points, 4 items of red warning, 39 items of orange warning and 54 items of yellow warning were obtained.It provides technical support for risk monitoring and early warning decision-making.The construction of the system platform provides a unified working platform for the third party monitoring units. It solves the problem that the technical information of the spot inspection points can not be queried in real time, and the risk identification during the field inspection.The assessment and early warning work is too dependent on the working experience and technical ability of the practitioners, so as to avoid the occurrence of risk leakage due to the lack of experience or technical level of the practitioners, and to ensure that the situation of missing early warning reports is basically timely and appropriate,Effective, the system completes the third party monitoring inspection and the early warning decision-making work, enhances the third party monitoring work the timeliness, the science, in order to safeguard the underground engineering construction safety to play the important role.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)(工程管理與信息技術(shù)學(xué)院)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU94

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