本文選題：多孔材料 + 蒸發(fā)降溫�。� 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：被動(dòng)蒸發(fā)冷卻技術(shù)是自然調(diào)和理論的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用。在建筑外表面敷貼含濕的多孔材料實(shí)現(xiàn)蒸發(fā)降溫，使自然資源得以轉(zhuǎn)換和重構(gòu)，不僅能有效降低建筑能耗，還能改變城市下墊面的性質(zhì)，從而改善城市熱環(huán)境。 對(duì)于鋼筋混凝土等重型圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)，在其外表面敷貼多孔材料，進(jìn)行蓄水蒸發(fā)降溫，提高重型圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的隔熱性能，具有重要的實(shí)際價(jià)值。然而在南方高溫高濕的氣候條件下，多孔材料的蒸發(fā)能力一直受到質(zhì)疑。對(duì)于含濕多孔材料的熱工性能參數(shù)，一般是在其的含水率不斷變化的情況下獲得的。由于不能對(duì)多孔材料的含水率進(jìn)行控制，缺乏穩(wěn)定的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件，所得到的熱工參數(shù)受外界條件的影響較大，準(zhǔn)確度受到質(zhì)疑。 本文針對(duì)上述問題，對(duì)熱濕氣候風(fēng)洞實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)進(jìn)行了改造，增加了補(bǔ)水裝置，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)試件含水率的控制，為研究多孔材料的動(dòng)態(tài)蒸發(fā)過程提供了實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。同時(shí)，本文建立了與重型圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)外表面敷貼多孔飾面磚進(jìn)行蒸發(fā)降溫過程相呼應(yīng)的，重型實(shí)驗(yàn)試件的風(fēng)洞實(shí)驗(yàn)方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行了大量的風(fēng)洞實(shí)驗(yàn)，得到了含濕多孔材料的一系列熱工性能參數(shù)。本文的主要成果如下： （1）通過對(duì)熱濕氣候風(fēng)洞的研究，設(shè)計(jì)并建立了一套切實(shí)可行的補(bǔ)水裝置，可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)試件的持續(xù)補(bǔ)水。 （2）對(duì)含濕多孔材料的熱濕氣候風(fēng)洞實(shí)驗(yàn)方法進(jìn)行研究，建立了適用于重型實(shí)驗(yàn)試件動(dòng)態(tài)蒸發(fā)過程的蒸發(fā)量測量方法。 （3）通過風(fēng)洞實(shí)驗(yàn)，獲得了持續(xù)補(bǔ)水工況下重型實(shí)驗(yàn)試件的逐時(shí)蒸發(fā)量，并與室外氣象參數(shù)進(jìn)行了偏相關(guān)分析，得出了利用含濕多孔材料實(shí)現(xiàn)建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的蒸發(fā)降溫技術(shù)，在廣州地區(qū)氣候條件下的適用性。 （4）分析實(shí)驗(yàn)試件的表面溫度和熱流變化，得到含濕多孔飾面磚的蒸發(fā)降溫效果。 （5）利用熱流計(jì)法計(jì)算實(shí)驗(yàn)試件的平均熱阻，通過定義求得多孔飾面磚層的平均蓄熱系數(shù)；利用熱工計(jì)算方法和根據(jù)實(shí)測的延遲時(shí)間反算平均熱阻的方法，對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證，求得實(shí)驗(yàn)誤差。 （6）根據(jù)試件外表面的熱平衡關(guān)系，，對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)試件外表面的換熱特征進(jìn)行分析，并求得實(shí)驗(yàn)試件的太陽輻射吸收率和外表面的總換熱系數(shù)。
[Abstract]:Passive evaporative cooling technology is the development and application of natural harmonic theory.The application of wet porous materials on the outer surface of buildings can reduce the temperature of evaporation, transform and reconstruct the natural resources, not only reduce the building energy consumption effectively, but also change the properties of the underlying surface of the city, thus improving the urban thermal environment.For heavy-duty enclosing structures such as reinforced concrete, it is of great practical value to lay porous materials on its outer surface, to store water, evaporate and cool down, and to improve the heat insulation performance of heavy-duty enclosing structures.However, the evaporation ability of porous materials has been questioned in the southern climate of high temperature and high humidity.The thermal performance parameters of wet porous materials are generally obtained under the condition of constant change of moisture content.Because the moisture content of porous materials can not be controlled and the experimental conditions are not stable, the thermal parameters obtained are greatly affected by the external conditions and the accuracy is questioned.In order to solve the above problems, the experimental bench of wind tunnel in heat and wet climate has been reformed in this paper, and the water supply device has been added to control the moisture content of the experimental specimen, which provides the experimental basis for studying the dynamic evaporation process of porous materials.At the same time, a wind tunnel experiment method for heavy duty experimental specimens is established, which is consistent with the evaporation and cooling process of heavy duty envelope structures with porous veneer brick attached to the outer surface.On this basis, a large number of wind tunnel experiments have been carried out, and a series of thermal performance parameters of wet porous materials have been obtained.The main results of this paper are as follows:1) through the study of the wind tunnel in hot and wet climate, a set of feasible water supply device is designed and established, which can realize the continuous water supply to the experimental specimen.2) the wind tunnel experimental method of wet and thermal climate for porous materials is studied, and the evaporation measurement method suitable for the dynamic evaporation process of heavy-duty experimental specimens is established.3) through wind tunnel experiment, the hourly evaporation of heavy-duty experimental specimens under the condition of continuous water supply is obtained, and the partial correlation analysis with outdoor meteorological parameters is carried out, and the evaporative cooling technology of building enclosure structure is obtained by using wet porous materials.Applicability under climatic conditions in Guangzhou.(4) the surface temperature and heat flux of the specimens are analyzed, and the evaporative cooling effect of the wet porous decorative brick is obtained.5) the average thermal resistance of the experimental specimen is calculated by using the heat flow meter method, and the average heat storage coefficient of the porous ornament brick layer is obtained by definition, and the thermal calculation method and the method of inverse calculating the average thermal resistance based on the measured delay time are used.The experimental results are verified and the experimental errors are obtained.6) according to the heat balance relationship of the outer surface of the specimen, the heat transfer characteristics of the outer surface of the specimen are analyzed, and the solar radiation absorption rate and the total heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the experimental specimen are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU522.18

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本文編號(hào)：1746438