發(fā)布時間：2018-04-11 03:18

  本文選題：綠色公共建筑 + 運行性能��； 參考：《清華大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著國內綠色建筑和節(jié)能建筑的蓬勃發(fā)展，人們開始關注綠色建筑實際運行性能。國外研究表明，部分綠色建筑未實現(xiàn)設計預期的節(jié)能效果和室內環(huán)境舒適度，而現(xiàn)行綠色建筑運行性能的相關研究與評價存在不足。為此本論文開展針對綠色公共建筑運行性能進行后評估的方法。同時，通過調研蘇州、上海、北京、天津、深圳等地綠色公共建筑、節(jié)能公共建筑、示范公共建筑，分析綠色節(jié)能公共建筑運行過程中存在的問題；并選取幾個典型案例進行深入調研與測評，同時對典型技術的成本效益與實際運行效果進行了分析。主要研究內容如下。 首先，論文采用Q (Quality)-L(Load)二維綜合評價方法，構建了綠色公共建筑運行性能后評估體系，對建筑運行階段的能源消耗、水資源消耗、環(huán)境質量與服務性能提出了量化、以數(shù)據(jù)為導向的綜合評價體系。 其次，通過大量項目的調研，選取四個典型綠色節(jié)能辦公建筑項目開展案例試評價工作，驗證后評估體系的可行性與合理性，并對后評估體系進行調整。包括基于大量案例實際運行各項能耗的比例、影響最大因素的調研，調整體系各項權重系數(shù)；基于當?shù)赝惤ㄖ䲠?shù)據(jù)庫能耗分布特征、試評案例用戶問卷平均滿意度分布特征調整體系評分；通過兩個案例建筑的空調系統(tǒng)性能測試以及與設計工況的比較研究，指出運行用能不合理項，驗證了從三類指標（能耗指標、負荷指標和效率比指標）進行建筑能源消耗運行性能評價并分析各項用能合理性的可行性。 此外，針對國內現(xiàn)行綠色建筑設計階段評價采用核查表（checklist）的方法可能存在技術堆砌問題，對與節(jié)能和室內環(huán)境相關的常用綠色建筑技術進行了分類調研、效果測評以及定量化的成本效益分析。自然通風、自然采光、地道風等低成本被動式技術運行效果良好，節(jié)能量大，，值得推廣。光導管、外遮陽、新風熱回收、太陽能光熱系統(tǒng)需區(qū)別對待。光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)成本高、效率低，不值得推廣。 最后，論文研究對后評估執(zhí)行過程中需要收集與分析的資料與參數(shù)進行了歸納，并總結了實際案例在數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測與系統(tǒng)分析方面的不足，提出后續(xù)工作的建議。 論文研究成果對于我國公共建筑在運行階段綠色性能提升、反饋設計與優(yōu)化設計評價、構建從單一技術到完整系統(tǒng)的綠色建筑后評估體系提供了有益的參考。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of green buildings and energy-efficient buildings in China, people begin to pay attention to the actual performance of green buildings.Foreign studies show that some green buildings do not achieve the expected energy saving effect and indoor environment comfort, but the current green building performance research and evaluation are insufficient.Therefore, this paper carries out a post-evaluation method for the performance of green public buildings.At the same time, through the investigation of Suzhou, Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Shenzhen and other places green public buildings, energy-saving public buildings, demonstration of public buildings, analysis of green energy-saving public buildings in the process of operation problems;Several typical cases were selected for in-depth investigation and evaluation, and the cost effectiveness and actual operation effect of typical technology were analyzed.The main research contents are as follows.First of all, the paper constructs a post-evaluation system for the performance of green public buildings by using Q _ (Q) Quality-Ln Load (QQL) comprehensive evaluation method, and quantifies the energy consumption, water consumption, environmental quality and service performance in the building operation phase.Data-oriented comprehensive evaluation system.Secondly, through the investigation of a large number of projects, four typical green energy-saving office building projects are selected to carry out the case evaluation, to verify the feasibility and rationality of the post-evaluation system, and to adjust the post-evaluation system.Including a large number of cases based on the actual operation of the proportion of energy consumption, the largest factors affecting the investigation, adjustment of the system weight coefficient; based on the local similar building database energy consumption distribution characteristics,Through the performance test of air conditioning system of two case buildings and the comparison with the design conditions, the unreasonable items of running energy consumption are pointed out.The feasibility of evaluating the operational performance of building energy consumption and analyzing the rationality of energy use is verified from three kinds of indexes (energy consumption index, load index and efficiency ratio index).In addition, in view of the problem of technical stacking in the method of checking list in the current green building design stage evaluation in China, the common green building technologies related to energy saving and indoor environment are classified and investigated.Effect evaluation and quantitative cost-benefit analysis.The low cost passive technology such as natural ventilation, natural lighting and underground wind has good operation effect and energy saving, so it is worth popularizing.Light tube, outside shade, fresh wind heat recovery, solar photothermal system need to be treated differently.Photovoltaic system is not worth popularizing because of its high cost and low efficiency.Finally, the paper summarizes the data and parameters that need to be collected and analyzed in the process of post-evaluation implementation, summarizes the shortcomings of practical cases in data monitoring and system analysis, and puts forward some suggestions for follow-up work.The research results provide a useful reference for the improvement of green performance, feedback design and optimization design evaluation, and the construction of post-evaluation system of green building from single technology to complete system.
【學位授予單位】：清華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU242;TU201.5

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本文編號：1734190