本文選題：裂隙巖體　切入點(diǎn)：凍融損傷　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：在寒區(qū)由于反復(fù)的凍融作用而誘發(fā)凍脹融沉、泥石流、滑坡、塌陷等一系列的凍融災(zāi)害。節(jié)理裂隙巖體是壩基、邊坡、地下硐室等寒區(qū)巖體工程中普遍存在的一類(lèi)復(fù)雜介質(zhì),由于反復(fù)凍融而引起其強(qiáng)度損傷劣化、變形的不斷增大,將直接影響巖體工程的設(shè)計(jì)與施工,以及投入使用后的正常運(yùn)營(yíng)。隨著大量興起的西部寒區(qū)工程建設(shè),越來(lái)越多的凍融巖土工程問(wèn)題亟待解決。本文緊密?chē)@裂隙巖體凍融損傷力學(xué)特性以及斷裂破壞機(jī)理開(kāi)展研究,采用在模型材料中預(yù)制裂隙的方法來(lái)模擬節(jié)理巖體,通過(guò)凍融循環(huán)試驗(yàn)和單軸以及三軸壓縮試驗(yàn),探討裂隙巖體的凍融損傷力學(xué)特性,分析在凍融-荷載耦合作用下裂隙巖體中微裂紋的萌生、擴(kuò)展、搭接、貫通及相互作用的演化過(guò)程及力學(xué)損傷演化機(jī)理,建立裂隙巖體在凍融和荷載耦合作用下的損傷演化方程和本構(gòu)關(guān)系,提出凍融裂隙巖體損傷斷裂準(zhǔn)則和起裂判據(jù),以新疆天山公路凍融巖質(zhì)邊坡工程為背景,結(jié)合試驗(yàn)成果和理論推導(dǎo)進(jìn)行邊坡工程實(shí)例的計(jì)算分析。本文主要研究研究工作與獲得的有益認(rèn)識(shí)如下： (1)根據(jù)相似理論,結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)巖體力學(xué)特性,成功配制類(lèi)巖石相似模型材料-水泥硅粉砂漿材料；采用在模型材料中預(yù)制裂隙的方法來(lái)模擬節(jié)理巖體,共制作完整巖樣以及具有不同幾何特征的裂隙巖樣10種。 (2)對(duì)預(yù)制裂隙巖樣進(jìn)行不同凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)的凍融試驗(yàn)和單軸壓縮試驗(yàn),分析裂隙幾何參數(shù)(裂隙長(zhǎng)度、裂隙傾角、裂隙數(shù)目)對(duì)凍融裂隙巖體力學(xué)性能的影響,并對(duì)凍融裂隙巖樣的破壞機(jī)制進(jìn)行探討,總結(jié)歸納出裂隙巖體的三種損傷模式：顆粒散落模式、龜裂模式和沿預(yù)制裂隙斷裂模式。 (3)分析裂隙巖體凍融損傷的影響因素,將其分為外因、內(nèi)因和其它因素；基于細(xì)觀損傷理論和宏觀統(tǒng)計(jì)損傷模型,建立了由三部分損傷(凍融引起的損傷、外荷引起的損傷和凍融與荷載耦合作用引起的損傷)引起的凍融裂隙巖體損傷演化方程,探討在凍融和荷載耦合作用下裂隙巖體的損傷劣化機(jī)制,推導(dǎo)出裂隙巖體在經(jīng)歷凍融和荷載雙重作用下的損傷本構(gòu)模型。 (4)通過(guò)凍融裂隙試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行三軸壓縮試驗(yàn),研究經(jīng)歷不同凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)的裂隙巖樣在不同圍壓下的力學(xué)特性,分析不同凍融循環(huán)次數(shù),不同圍壓下裂隙的分布對(duì)巖樣力學(xué)性質(zhì)的影響規(guī)律。 (5)基于損傷斷裂力學(xué)基本理論,推導(dǎo)出拉剪和壓剪復(fù)合作用下凍融裂隙巖體裂紋擴(kuò)展準(zhǔn)則,建立在凍脹和圍壓共同作用下裂紋起裂的條件、擴(kuò)展方向和擴(kuò)展長(zhǎng)度的計(jì)算公式,提出凍融作用下裂隙巖體的應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子。 (6)結(jié)合裂隙巖樣室內(nèi)凍融循環(huán)試驗(yàn)和力學(xué)試驗(yàn)的研究成果,對(duì)天山公路一段典型的巖質(zhì)邊坡進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算,分析在經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)次凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)后,此巖質(zhì)邊坡的位移、最大主應(yīng)力以及塑性區(qū)的發(fā)展變化情況,研究裂隙巖質(zhì)邊坡受凍融循環(huán)后,其力學(xué)性質(zhì)的改變對(duì)邊坡穩(wěn)定性帶來(lái)的影響,為凍融循環(huán)條件下山區(qū)邊坡防護(hù)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究提供基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:In the cold due to repeated freezing and thawing caused by frost heaving and thawing, debris flow, landslide, collapse and a series of freeze-thaw disasters. Jointed rock slope, dam foundation is a kind of complex medium, widespread underground chamber and cold in rock engineering, due to repeated freeze-thaw damage and deterioration caused by its strength, constantly the deformation increases, will directly affect the design and construction of rock engineering, and the normal operation is put into use. With the rise of the large engineering construction in cold regions, more and more freeze-thaw geotechnical engineering problems to be solved. This dissertation focuses on the crack of rock freeze-thaw damage mechanics and fracture characteristics research of failure mechanism, using the method of prefabricated fractures in the material model to simulate jointed rock mass, through freeze-thaw test and uniaxial and triaxial compression tests of the three, to investigate the freeze-thaw damage mechanical characteristics of fractured rock mass, analysis in freeze-thaw load Load coupling for fractured rock in the crack initiation, propagation, coalescence and overlapping, interaction mechanism of damage evolution evolution process and mechanics, establishment of fractured rock mass in the freeze-thaw and load coupling damage evolution equation and the constitutive relation, put forward the freeze-thaw damage of fractured rock fracture criterion and crack initiation criterion, to Xinjiang Tianshan Highway freeze-thaw rock slope engineering as the background, analysis and calculation combined with the experimental results and the theoretical derivation of slope engineering examples. The main research work and conclusion including:
(1) according to the similarity theory, combined with the mechanical properties of rock scene, successfully prepared rock similar material cement silica mortar materials; using the method of prefabricated crack in the material model to simulate jointed rock mass, making a total of intact samples and with different geometrical characteristics of the crack rock 10.
(2) on the pre cracked rock in different freeze-thaw test and uniaxial compression test cycles, analysis of geometric parameters of crack (crack length, crack angle, crack number) on the effects of freeze-thaw mechanical characteristics of fractured rock mass, and the failure mechanism of freezing thawing of fractured rock are discussed, the author summed up three damage model of fractured rock mass: particles scattered mode, crack pattern and fracture along the prefabricated crack model.
(3) analysis of fractured rock freeze-thaw damage factors, which can be divided into internal and external factors, other factors; macro meso damage model and statistical damage theory based on the established by the three part damage (freeze-thaw damage caused by external loads, the damage caused by freezing and thawing and load coupling effect caused by injury) the freeze-thaw damage evolution equation of fractured rock mass caused by the deterioration of frozen fractured rock and load coupling damage mechanism, deduces the fractured rock constitutive model after freezing and double effect under load damage.
(4) by freeze-thaw fracture test under three axial compression test, study after different freeze-thaw cycles on the mechanical properties of fractured rock under different confining pressure, analysis of different freeze-thaw cycles, affect the distribution of cracks under different confining pressure on rock mechanical properties.
(5) the basic theory of fracture mechanics based on tensile shear and compressive shear compound under the action of freeze-thaw rock crack propagation criterion is derived based on the frost heave and confining pressure under the action of crack initiation condition, calculation formula of direction and the extended length extension, proposed freezing stress intensity factor of fractured rock mass under the action of freeze-thaw.
(6) combined with the research results of fractured rock indoor freezing and thawing test and mechanical test, numerical simulation of a typical rock slope of Tianshan highway, analysis after several freeze-thaw cycles, the displacement of rock slope, the maximum principal stress and the development of plastic zone, research freeze fractured rock slope and thawing, affect the mechanical properties of the change on slope stability, provide basic technical support for the key technology of freezing and thawing on mountain slope protection under cyclic conditions.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU45

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