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  本文選題：濕熱環(huán)境　切入點：空氣流動　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：濕熱地區(qū)溫高濕重，人口眾多，夏季空調(diào)降溫需求巨大。隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和人民生活水平的提高，建筑空調(diào)用能將進一步增加。與之相對應(yīng)的是，空氣流動如自然通風(fēng)和風(fēng)扇吹風(fēng)作為濕熱地區(qū)常用的夏季降溫方式，在當(dāng)前的建筑設(shè)計中卻很少使用，造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因是相關(guān)的規(guī)范指導(dǎo)不夠，歸根結(jié)底是這方面的基礎(chǔ)研究不夠。本文目標(biāo)是研究濕熱環(huán)境下空氣流動對人體熱反應(yīng)的影響。 首先，在參數(shù)嚴(yán)格控制的人工氣候室采用受試者實驗的方法研究了濕熱環(huán)境下個體控制的落地扇對人體感覺、熱舒適和感知空氣品質(zhì)（PAQ）的影響。證實個體控制的空氣流動可提高熱舒適和PAQ溫濕度接受上限至28°C，相對濕度（RH）80%和30°C，60%RH，指出美國供熱制冷空調(diào)工程師協(xié)會（ASHRAE）熱舒適標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定在26°C和28°C時適用，在30°C時應(yīng)提高可允許風(fēng)速限值至1.6m/s以滿足舒適需求。 其次，系統(tǒng)實驗研究了濕熱環(huán)境下受試者對不同不可控吊扇吹風(fēng)風(fēng)速的反應(yīng)。證實不可控的吊扇吹風(fēng)均可在溫濕度達30°C，80%RH的環(huán)境中使人體熱舒適和PAQ保持在較好的水平，并顯著高于無風(fēng)扇吹風(fēng)的情況。指出ASHRAE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)55不可控風(fēng)速上限偏低，，應(yīng)提高至1.6m/s。指出受試者可在ASHRAE熱舒適范圍外的溫濕度和風(fēng)速下達到舒適。 而后，系統(tǒng)研究了動態(tài)化吊扇吹風(fēng)、吹風(fēng)方向及搖擺扇和固定扇對人體熱反應(yīng)的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)態(tài)和周期變化的動態(tài)吊扇吹風(fēng)對人體熱反應(yīng)無顯著差別，但均顯著優(yōu)于無風(fēng)扇的情況。吹風(fēng)方向（正上、前上和側(cè)上）對人體熱反應(yīng)無顯著影響。風(fēng)扇檔位相同時，固定扇的效果優(yōu)于搖擺扇，二者均優(yōu)于無風(fēng)扇情況。指出上述吹風(fēng)方式均可很好地改善偏熱環(huán)境中受試者的熱舒適和PAQ。 最后，基于上述研究，對比研究了無風(fēng)、可控氣流和不可控氣流環(huán)境下人體反應(yīng)指標(biāo)與熱環(huán)境評價指標(biāo)的關(guān)系，及各人體主觀反應(yīng)指標(biāo)的關(guān)系。指出熱環(huán)境評價指標(biāo)PMV和SET宜作為無風(fēng)環(huán)境的評價，而不宜用作評價有風(fēng)的環(huán)境。全身熱感覺適用于無風(fēng)環(huán)境，但不適用于有風(fēng)環(huán)境。指出全身熱舒適投票在無風(fēng)和有風(fēng)環(huán)境下與各主觀指標(biāo)關(guān)系保持穩(wěn)定，可作為通用的主觀評價指標(biāo)。綜合以上分析提出以全身熱舒適為通用指標(biāo)的評價體系，指出80%可接受對應(yīng)的熱舒適投票均值為1（即舒適）。 本文得到的研究數(shù)據(jù)及形成結(jié)論可作為濕熱地區(qū)建筑有效利用空氣流動的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the energy consumption of building air conditioning will further increase. Air flow, such as natural ventilation and fan blowing, as a common summer cooling method in humid and hot areas, is rarely used in current architectural design. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of air flow on human body thermal response in humid and hot environment. First of all, in an artificial climate room with strictly controlled parameters, the effects of individual controlled floor fans on human body were studied by using the method of subjects' experiments. The effects of thermal comfort and perceived air quality (PAQ). It has been proved that individual controlled air flow can increase thermal comfort and PAQ temperature and humidity up to 28 擄C, RH is 80% and 30 擄C is 60 RH. It is pointed out that the American Association of heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) has a thermal comfort scale. The requirements shall apply at 26 degrees C and 28 degrees C, The allowable wind speed limit should be increased to 1.6 m / s at 30 擄C to meet comfort requirements. Secondly, the responses of the subjects to different uncontrollable ceiling fan blowing wind speeds under humid and hot conditions were systematically studied. It was proved that the uncontrollable ceiling fan blowing air could make the human body thermal comfort and PAQ at a better level in a temperature and humidity of up to 30 擄C ~ (80) RH. It is pointed out that the upper limit of uncontrollable wind speed of ASHRAE standard 55 is low and should be raised to 1.6 m / s. It is pointed out that the temperature, humidity and wind speed of the subjects can reach comfort outside the thermal comfort range of ASHRAE. Then, the effects of dynamic ceiling fan blowing, blowing direction and rocking fan and fixed fan on the thermal response of human body are systematically studied. It is found that there is no significant difference between steady and periodic dynamic ceiling fan blowing on human body thermal response. But all of them are significantly superior to those without fan. The direction of blowing (positive, front and side) has no significant effect on the thermal response of human body. When the fan gear is the same, the effect of fixed fan is better than that of swing fan. Both of them are superior to those without fan. It is pointed out that the above blowing methods can improve the thermal comfort and PAQs of the subjects in the partial heat environment. Finally, based on the above research, the relationship between human body reaction index and thermal environment evaluation index in windless, controllable and uncontrollable airflow environment is studied. It is pointed out that thermal environment evaluation indexes PMV and SET should be used as evaluation of windless environment, not as evaluation of wind-free environment, and the whole body thermal sensation is suitable for windless environment. But it is not suitable for wind-free environment. It is pointed out that the relationship between the whole body thermal comfortable voting and the subjective indexes is stable in the windless and wind-free environment. It can be used as a general subjective evaluation index. Based on the above analysis, a general evaluation system with thermal comfort for whole body is put forward, and it is pointed out that the mean value of 80% acceptable thermal comfort voting is 1 (that is, comfort). The research data and conclusion obtained in this paper can be used as the basis for the effective utilization of air flow in buildings in humid and hot areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU111.2

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