本文選題：地震液化　切入點(diǎn)：含粘粒砂土　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,全球破壞性地震頻發(fā),破壞嚴(yán)重,造成了巨大的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失,其中場地地震液化問題尤為突出。1999年土耳其地震、臺灣集集地震中出現(xiàn)了大量含粘粒砂土場地液化震害。由于受到室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)技術(shù)的限制,已有研究大多集中在潔凈砂液化問題,對含粘粒砂土的地震液化性能研究很少,其液化評價(jià)問題亟待解決。只有深入理解含粘粒砂土結(jié)構(gòu)性和動(dòng)力特性,科學(xué)揭示含粘粒砂土場地地震液化機(jī)理,建立抗液化性能的表征與評價(jià)指標(biāo),才能為含粘粒砂土液化判別提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 本文針對含粘粒砂土抗液化性能評價(jià)問題,以剪切波速為表征參數(shù),開展了多尺度試驗(yàn)研究,包括微觀結(jié)構(gòu)電鏡觀測,測量剪切波速的固結(jié)、靜三軸與動(dòng)三軸單元體試驗(yàn),測量剪切波速的土工離心機(jī)振動(dòng)臺試驗(yàn),以及震害現(xiàn)場調(diào)查研究,揭示了含粘粒砂土結(jié)構(gòu)性對土體剪切波速與抗液化強(qiáng)度的影響規(guī)律,發(fā)展了含粘粒砂土抗液化強(qiáng)度與剪切波速間的定量相關(guān)關(guān)系。研究表明： 1、隨著粘粒含量(CC)增加,含粘粒砂土結(jié)構(gòu)性改變,其液塑限、滲透性、壓縮性等物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)發(fā)生相應(yīng)變化；當(dāng)CC超過一定臨界值后,土體完成由“類砂土”向“類粘土”的轉(zhuǎn)變,并表現(xiàn)出明顯的“塑性”；剪切波速測量表明,當(dāng)土體處于“類砂土”階段或處于“類粘土”階段,其Hardin公式擬合參數(shù)A與,7呈現(xiàn)出顯著不同的規(guī)律；在沒有顆粒破碎的前提下,不同粘粒含量砂土的臨界狀態(tài)線在e-log p'空間可近似用直線表示,且隨著粘粒含量增加,其臨界狀態(tài)線沿順時(shí)針方向偏轉(zhuǎn),土體剪脹勢和臨界狀態(tài)摩擦角逐漸降低。 2、通過理論推導(dǎo)和不同粘粒含量砂土的測量剪切波速動(dòng)三軸試驗(yàn),建立了含粘粒砂土的CRR-Vs1冪函數(shù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,該相關(guān)關(guān)系表明,當(dāng)粘粒含量低于臨界細(xì)粒含量時(shí),含粘粒砂土的CRR-Vs1相關(guān)關(guān)系曲線隨粘粒含量增加逐漸上移,該趨勢與以往研究結(jié)論一致,為含粘粒砂土抗液化強(qiáng)度的剪切波速評價(jià)提供了定量依據(jù)。 3、針對不同粘粒含量砂土,開展了多組土工離心機(jī)振動(dòng)臺液化試驗(yàn),建立了含粘粒砂土模型地基制備與飽和方法,利用彎曲元技術(shù)監(jiān)測了模型場地均勻性及試驗(yàn)過程中的剪切波速變化,再現(xiàn)場地噴水冒砂液化現(xiàn)象;通過含粘粒砂土與潔凈砂對比試驗(yàn),系統(tǒng)研究了模型地基內(nèi)動(dòng)應(yīng)力應(yīng)變關(guān)系、模量、阻尼以及孔壓響應(yīng)的發(fā)展規(guī)律；發(fā)現(xiàn)了模型尺度液化響應(yīng)與單元體尺度液化性能的異同,提出了將振動(dòng)臺臺面加速度作為地震動(dòng)輸入、基于孔壓測試結(jié)果判別液化與否的模型地基地震液化分析方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)了利用離心機(jī)振動(dòng)臺試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行場地液化判別的突破,由此驗(yàn)證了單元體尺度建立的含粘粒砂土CRR-Vs1相關(guān)關(guān)系的可靠性。 4、開展1999年臺灣地區(qū)集集地震、土耳其Kocaeli地震的地震液化現(xiàn)場調(diào)查研究,建立了含粘粒砂土地震液化現(xiàn)場數(shù)據(jù)庫,分析了所提出的含粘粒砂土CRR-Vs1相關(guān)關(guān)系對實(shí)際場地液化判別的適用性與可靠性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了設(shè)計(jì)地震下含粘粒砂土場地液化判別方法和計(jì)算步驟,并建議了主要參數(shù)的獲得方法與推薦取值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the global earthquake frequent, serious damage, caused a huge loss of life and property, the seismic liquefaction problem is particularly prominent in Turkey.1999 earthquake in Taiwan, the emergence of a large number of sand liquefaction damage in clay containing earthquake. Due to laboratory technical limitations, most research has been focused on clean sand liquefaction the problem, little research on seismic liquefaction properties of clayey sand, the liquefaction evaluation problems need to be solved urgently. Only understanding the structural and dynamic properties of clay containing sand, clay sand containing science reveals the earthquake liquefaction mechanism, establish the evaluation index and characterization of liquefaction, liquefaction containing clay can provide a scientific basis.
Aiming at the problem of evaluation with clay sand liquefaction resistance performance, using shear wave velocity parameters. The experiment was conducted to study the multi-scale, including micro structure of electron microscope observation, the consolidation measurement of shear wave velocity, static and dynamic three axis three axis unit test, measurement of shear wave velocity of geotechnical centrifuge shaking table test, and field investigation of earthquake damage the research reveals, containing clay sand structure on shear wave velocity of soil liquefaction resistance and the influence law of development of anti liquefaction strength and the quantitative relationship between shear wave velocity of sand clay containing studies:
1, with the increase of clay content (CC), containing clay sand structural change, the permeability of the liquid and plastic limit, compression, and other physical and mechanical properties change; when CC exceeds a certain critical value, the soil to complete the transformation from "type sand" to "clay", and showed a clear plastic "; shear wave velocity measurements show that, when the soil is in" sand "phase or in" clay "stage, the Hardin formula fitting parameters A and 7, showing a significantly different pattern; without particle breakage, the critical state line with different clay content of sand in the e-log space can be approximated by p'a straight line, and with the increase of clay content, the critical state line in a clockwise direction deflection, soil dilatancy and critical state friction angle decreases gradually.
2, by measuring the velocity of shear wave theory and different content of clay sand three triaxial test, CRR-Vs1 established a power function relationship with clay sand, show that the correlation between when the clay content is lower than the critical content of fine particles, including clay sand CRR-Vs1 correlation curve with the increase of clay content gradually rise, the same trend from the previous studies, which provides a quantitative basis for evaluating the shear wave velocity of sand clay containing anti liquefaction strength.
3, for the sandy soil with different clay content, carry out multiple groups of geotechnical centrifuge vibration liquefaction tests established by saturated method containing clay sand foundation model, shear wave velocity change model field uniformity and test in the process of monitoring by bending element technique, and then the scene spraying sand liquefaction by containing clay; clean sand and sand modulus contrast test, stress-strain relationship model in the foundation of dynamic system to study the development law of damping and pore pressure response; found the similarities and differences between the model scale and liquefaction response unit scale liquefaction performance, the vibration table acceleration as seismic input, the pore pressure test model of earthquake liquefaction whether or not the result analysis method of liquefaction discrimination based on, to achieve the site liquefaction breakthrough by centrifuge shaking table test data, which verifies the unit scale established Reliability of CRR-Vs1 correlation in clay sand soil.
4, to carry out the Taiwan area in 1999 Chichi earthquake, investigation of earthquake liquefaction site of Turkey Kocaeli earthquake, established the clay sand liquefaction site database, analyzed with CRR-Vs1 related to the actual site of clay sand liquefaction the applicability and reliability of the proposed relationship. On this basis, the proposed method and calculation steps of sand liquefaction containing clay under the design earthquake, and the main parameters obtained with the method recommended values.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU441

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