本文選題：設(shè)計(jì)階段　切入點(diǎn)：建筑廢棄物減量化　出處：《深圳大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著中國(guó)城市人口的不斷增加和城市化進(jìn)程的日益推進(jìn)，城市建設(shè)與舊城拆遷產(chǎn)生的建筑廢棄物量逐年遞增，如何加強(qiáng)建筑廢棄物減量化管理，提高建筑廢棄物的減量化水平成為嗜待解決的難題。在諸多的建筑廢棄物減量化措施當(dāng)中，，在設(shè)計(jì)階段實(shí)施建筑廢棄物減量化被廣泛認(rèn)為是最有效的，因?yàn)樵O(shè)計(jì)階段是建筑廢棄物產(chǎn)生源頭，相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)劃人員可以通過(guò)充分考慮整個(gè)項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)劃的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，采用低廢棄率建筑材料，合理進(jìn)行施工設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)劃等一系列措施來(lái)降低施工過(guò)程建筑廢棄物的產(chǎn)生。 然而，通過(guò)大量文獻(xiàn)回顧發(fā)現(xiàn)，關(guān)于如何評(píng)估這些設(shè)計(jì)措施在建筑廢棄物減量化方面的效果，會(huì)產(chǎn)生多大的經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境效益，會(huì)以何種方式在何種程度上對(duì)建筑廢棄物整個(gè)管理過(guò)程產(chǎn)生作用的研究還相對(duì)匱乏。同時(shí)，國(guó)內(nèi)建筑師們大多也尚未針對(duì)建筑廢棄物的減量化進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)劃，他們普遍認(rèn)為建筑廢棄物主要是在建設(shè)施工階段產(chǎn)生，無(wú)法清晰理解建筑設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)建筑廢棄物產(chǎn)生所帶來(lái)的重要影響。政府也缺乏合理評(píng)估待建項(xiàng)目在建筑廢棄物方面影響的方法，難以有效地在規(guī)劃階段合理評(píng)估待建項(xiàng)目的環(huán)境影響。 本文在總結(jié)國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，首先從建筑技術(shù)、設(shè)計(jì)師行為態(tài)度、設(shè)計(jì)師能力、外部制度五個(gè)方面識(shí)別了設(shè)計(jì)階段影響建筑廢棄物減量化水平的主要因素，繼而基于系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)理論及方法構(gòu)建了包括減量化設(shè)計(jì)、廢棄物管理、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益評(píng)估，環(huán)境效益評(píng)估四個(gè)子系統(tǒng)在內(nèi)的建筑廢棄物減量化設(shè)計(jì)評(píng)估模型，最后借助VENSIM系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件對(duì)深圳市的待建住宅項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行了建筑廢棄物減量化效果的模擬評(píng)估。 研究結(jié)果表明，基于系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)理論所建立的減量化設(shè)計(jì)評(píng)估模型可以有效地評(píng)估在設(shè)計(jì)階段實(shí)施建筑廢棄物減量化后建筑廢棄物的產(chǎn)生量、處理量、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、及環(huán)境效益等多項(xiàng)指標(biāo)：模擬結(jié)果顯示案例現(xiàn)行的設(shè)計(jì)階段建筑廢棄物減量化實(shí)踐可以減少391t建筑廢棄物，減少填埋121t建筑廢棄物，獲得365萬(wàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，減少1740kg二氧化碳排放以及節(jié)省164m2土地耗用。本研究所識(shí)別的設(shè)計(jì)階段影響建筑廢棄物減量化的至關(guān)重要因素可以為管理人員制訂建筑廢棄物管理規(guī)則提供參考，所建立的模型一方面為建筑設(shè)計(jì)師提供了一個(gè)評(píng)估平臺(tái)，用以評(píng)估設(shè)計(jì)措施在建筑廢棄物處理上的效果；另一方面,模型模擬結(jié)果可以為政府建設(shè)部門的項(xiàng)目批建提供建筑廢棄物產(chǎn)生和環(huán)境影響方面有價(jià)值的參考信息。
[Abstract]:With the increasing urbanization and city Chinese city population growing, city construction and demolition of construction waste volume increased year by year, how to strengthen the construction waste reduction management, improve the level of construction waste reduction has become a problem to be solved. In addicted to many of the construction waste reduction measures, the implementation of construction waste reduction in the design phase is widely considered to be the most effective, because the design stage is the construction waste production source, related design and planning staff can fully consider every detail of the whole project design and planning, the low rate of waste building materials, a series of reasonable measures of construction planning and design to reduce construction waste generated during construction.
However, through literature review found that, on how to evaluate the effect of these design measures in construction waste reduction aspects, will produce much greater economic, environmental benefits, the manner in which the extent of construction waste the whole management process has the function of research is relatively deficient. At the same time, the domestic architects are also not yet in view of the construction waste reduction design planning, they generally think that the construction waste is mainly produced in the construction phase, not a clear understanding of architectural design have an important impact on construction waste. The government is also a lack of reasonable evaluation method of construction project in the construction waste, it is difficult to effectively evaluate the environment in the planning stage influence of construction project.
This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign literature, first from construction technology, the ability of designers, designers behavior attitude, five aspects of the external system to identify main factors influencing the design stage construction waste reduction level, then the system dynamics based on the theories and methods of construction including reduction design, waste management, economic evaluation, environment benefit evaluation model of the four subsystems, the construction waste reduction design, simulation and evaluation finally using dynamics software VENSIM system in Shenzhen city to be built residential projects of construction waste reduction effect.
The results show that the reduction of design evaluation model based on the theory of system dynamics can effectively assess the amount of construction waste, construction waste reduction in the design stage of the processing capacity, economic benefits, environmental benefits and many other indicators: the simulation results show that the case design stage of construction waste reduction can reduce the current practice 391t of construction waste, reduce construction waste landfill 121t, obtained 3 million 650 thousand economic benefits, reduce carbon emissions and save 1740kg 164m2 land consumption. This study design stage identified key factor to influence the construction waste reduction can provide a reference for managers to develop the construction waste management rules, the model provides a an evaluation platform as the architect, to evaluate the design measures in the construction of waste treatment effect on; On the other hand, the model simulation results can provide valuable reference information for the construction of construction waste and environmental impact for the project approval of the government construction department.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：X799.1;TU201.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 黃錫生;徐本鑫;;生態(tài)效率視角下建筑廢棄物減排與利用的法律規(guī)制[J];城市發(fā)展研究;2011年09期

2 王家遠(yuǎn);康香萍;袁紅平;;建筑廢料分類分揀的制約因素[J];城市問(wèn)題;2010年07期

3 張強(qiáng),韓永翔,宋連春;全球氣候變化及其影響因素研究進(jìn)展綜述[J];地球科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2005年09期

4 王壽兵,王如松,吳千紅;生命周期評(píng)價(jià)中資源耗竭潛力及當(dāng)量系數(shù)的一種算法[J];復(fù)旦學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2001年05期

5 王宇靜;李永奎;;基于系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)的大型復(fù)雜建設(shè)項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃模型[J];工業(yè)工程與管理;2010年03期

6 李少紅;;淺議建筑裝飾�？茖W(xué)生建筑設(shè)計(jì)能力的培養(yǎng)[J];湖州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2009年03期

7 劉永民;;對(duì)建筑廢棄物再生利用的思考[J];中國(guó)建材科技;2008年03期

8 吳賢國(guó),李建輝,楊婧,楊蘋;建筑施工垃圾的產(chǎn)生和組成分析[J];建筑技術(shù);2001年02期

9 李景茹;米旭明;丁志坤;王家遠(yuǎn);;新建工程建筑廢棄物產(chǎn)出水平調(diào)查分析[J];建筑經(jīng)濟(jì);2010年01期

10 蒿奕穎;康健;;從中英比較調(diào)查看我國(guó)建筑垃圾減量化設(shè)計(jì)的現(xiàn)狀及潛力[J];建筑科學(xué);2010年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 譚曉寧;建筑廢棄物減量化行為研究[D];西安建筑科技大學(xué);2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 袁翠華;房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型及其應(yīng)用研究[D];東南大學(xué);2005年

本文編號(hào)：1615838