本文選題：社會(huì)公平　切入點(diǎn)：城市規(guī)劃　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：追求效率是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的基本特征，正是這個(gè)特征，導(dǎo)致了一些社會(huì)不公平問題的發(fā)生，如果不對(duì)這些問題采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧�，就�?huì)加大甚至激化了社會(huì)矛盾，阻礙社會(huì)發(fā)展。社會(huì)公平涉及的內(nèi)容主要指向公共領(lǐng)域，而作為政府重要的公共政策，城市規(guī)劃必定會(huì)成為社會(huì)公平訴求的主要對(duì)象。在此背景下，本課題創(chuàng)新性地將社會(huì)學(xué)等學(xué)科的理論和方法交叉運(yùn)用到規(guī)劃研究之中，從促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平的角度探討不同層面城市規(guī)劃所存在的問題及相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)措施，旨在通過解決規(guī)劃公平問題促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步保障社會(huì)健康有序的發(fā)展。 本文以“宏觀-中觀-微觀”為脈絡(luò)，分別就城市總體發(fā)展模式及設(shè)施的公平布局，城市重大資源周邊用地的公平指標(biāo)，和諧社區(qū)的公平規(guī)劃三個(gè)層面進(jìn)行深入研究，并從社會(huì)公平的角度對(duì)現(xiàn)行城市規(guī)劃管理制度的優(yōu)化展開探討。 宏觀層面，通過對(duì)不同城市發(fā)展模式特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行研究，得出單中心是中小城市發(fā)展的最佳模式，而多中心模式則是大城市追求社會(huì)公平的必然選擇。同時(shí)，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)各城市中心的公平發(fā)展，城市市政基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和社會(huì)公共服務(wù)設(shè)施布局都要實(shí)現(xiàn)“空間公平”和“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公平”。 中觀層面，創(chuàng)新性地引入相對(duì)剝奪理論與“基尼系數(shù)”量化指標(biāo)，，通過問卷調(diào)查、基尼系數(shù)來量化“相對(duì)剝奪”理論等方法，對(duì)重大城市公共資源周邊區(qū)域的用地布局進(jìn)行研究，并以城市公共綠地及快捷交通站點(diǎn)為例探討構(gòu)建公平指標(biāo)的模式與方法。 微觀層面，主要包括基于空間公正的社區(qū)資源配置的研究和公平問題導(dǎo)向型的社區(qū)規(guī)劃的研究。同時(shí)創(chuàng)新性的提出采用不同收入階層在一定程度上混合居住的“向下兼容的混合社區(qū)”模式。 制度層面，通過闡釋國(guó)內(nèi)城市規(guī)劃體系中的現(xiàn)狀與核心問題，對(duì)城市規(guī)劃制度中公平問題較突出的審批決策體制進(jìn)行研究，得出城市規(guī)劃委員會(huì)制度的改進(jìn)與城市規(guī)劃非政府組織（規(guī)劃NGO）的建立是實(shí)現(xiàn)城市規(guī)劃制度公平的關(guān)鍵所在。
[Abstract]:The pursuit of efficiency is the basic characteristic of the market economy. It is this characteristic that has led to the occurrence of some social inequity problems. If we do not take appropriate measures against these problems, we will increase or even intensify social contradictions. As an important public policy of the government, urban planning is bound to be the main object of social equity. This paper innovatively applies the theories and methods of sociology and other disciplines to the planning research, and discusses the problems existing in different levels of urban planning from the angle of promoting social equity and the corresponding improvement measures. The aim is to ensure the healthy and orderly development of society on the basis of promoting social equity by solving the problem of planning equity. In this paper, in the context of "macro-meso-micro", three levels of urban overall development model and fair layout of facilities, the fair index of land around major resources, and the fair planning of harmonious community are studied in depth. And from the angle of social equity, the optimization of the current urban planning management system is discussed. At the macro level, through the study of the characteristics of different urban development models, it is concluded that the single center is the best model for the development of small and medium-sized cities, while the multi-center model is the inevitable choice for large cities to pursue social equity. In order to realize the fair development of urban centers, the layout of urban municipal infrastructure and social public service facilities should realize "spatial equity" and "standard equity". At the middle level, the relative deprivation theory and the quantitative index of Gini coefficient are introduced innovatively, and the relative deprivation theory is quantified by questionnaire survey, Gini coefficient and so on. This paper studies the distribution of land around major urban public resources, and discusses the mode and method of constructing fair indexes by taking urban public green space and fast traffic stations as examples. At the micro level, It mainly includes the research on the allocation of community resources based on spatial justice and the research on equity-oriented community planning. At the same time, the innovative proposal is to adopt a "downward compatible" approach in which different income groups are mixed to a certain extent. Mixed community "model." At the institutional level, by explaining the present situation and the core problems of the urban planning system in China, the author studies the decision system of examination and approval, which is more prominent in the urban planning system. It is concluded that the improvement of urban planning committee system and the establishment of urban planning non-governmental organization (NGO) are the key to realize the fairness of urban planning system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU984

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本文編號(hào)：1590209