本文選題：相鄰結(jié)構(gòu)　切入點(diǎn)：碰撞響應(yīng)　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代城市中，由于人口密集且土地有限，建筑物建造的越來越密集，，這就導(dǎo)致相鄰建筑結(jié)構(gòu)之間的間距過小。或者由于建筑造型或者使用功能的要求，許多高層建筑都設(shè)計(jì)成由多個(gè)子結(jié)構(gòu)組成的主-從結(jié)構(gòu)。在地震作用下，相鄰建筑結(jié)構(gòu)之間可能會(huì)發(fā)生碰撞。對(duì)相鄰結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞響應(yīng)以及防碰撞措施的研究，在土木工程結(jié)構(gòu)的地震防護(hù)中有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文綜合理論分析、數(shù)值模擬等手段，開展了以下幾方面的研究工作： (1)基于Hertz理論推導(dǎo)出了新的Hertzdamp碰撞分析模型，對(duì)該模型中的阻尼常數(shù)的表達(dá)式進(jìn)行了修正,通過數(shù)值驗(yàn)證得出該模型能夠更加精確的模擬碰撞反應(yīng)。然后對(duì)近斷層地震作用下隔震建筑與相鄰結(jié)構(gòu)相碰撞的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)特性進(jìn)行了研究，對(duì)比分析了隔震建筑與限位裝置、與相鄰非隔震結(jié)構(gòu)以及與相鄰隔震結(jié)構(gòu)相碰撞時(shí)的響應(yīng)特性。結(jié)果表明碰撞時(shí)基礎(chǔ)隔震仍然能減輕上部結(jié)構(gòu)的地震響應(yīng)，在碰撞時(shí)加速度的敏感性大于層間位移的敏感性，并通過對(duì)比分析得出隔震建筑與兩邊結(jié)構(gòu)相碰撞的次數(shù)要明顯大于僅與一邊結(jié)構(gòu)相碰撞的次數(shù)。 (2)對(duì)地震作用下連接相鄰結(jié)構(gòu)的Kelvin型粘彈性阻尼器優(yōu)化參數(shù)理論表達(dá)式的適用性作了詳細(xì)的研究。共有兩種減震控制目標(biāo)，使主結(jié)構(gòu)的平均相對(duì)振動(dòng)能量最小和使兩相鄰結(jié)構(gòu)的總平均相對(duì)振動(dòng)能量最小。采用虛擬激勵(lì)法，詳細(xì)分析了結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)阻尼比和場(chǎng)地條件的變化對(duì)粘彈性阻尼器優(yōu)化參數(shù)的影響。結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)阻尼比的變化對(duì)粘彈性阻尼器的優(yōu)化參數(shù)取值影響不大，當(dāng)兩結(jié)構(gòu)的阻尼比相同或者不同時(shí)，優(yōu)化參數(shù)值都與理論值非常一致。不同場(chǎng)地條件下粘彈性阻尼器的優(yōu)化參數(shù)值均與理論值吻合良好，更進(jìn)一步的驗(yàn)證了基于兩結(jié)構(gòu)的第一階自振頻率和總質(zhì)量來得到粘彈性阻尼器優(yōu)化參數(shù)的正確性。 (3)采用兩步法優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法，對(duì)地震作用下連接兩相鄰結(jié)構(gòu)的粘彈性阻尼器的優(yōu)化布置問題進(jìn)行了研究。得出當(dāng)兩結(jié)構(gòu)間布置的粘彈性阻尼器數(shù)目越多時(shí)，粘彈性阻尼器最優(yōu)布置與最不利布置時(shí)的控制效果相差越小。應(yīng)避免僅布置1個(gè)粘彈性阻尼器的情況；當(dāng)布置多個(gè)粘彈性阻尼器時(shí)，宜在結(jié)構(gòu)的頂部和下部分布布置；當(dāng)粘彈性阻尼器數(shù)量更多時(shí)，優(yōu)化布置的必要性變得很小，可直接根據(jù)實(shí)際工程要求來進(jìn)行布置。通過更進(jìn)一步的研究表明，粘彈性阻尼器數(shù)目的優(yōu)化對(duì)控制效果影響很小，重點(diǎn)在于對(duì)確定數(shù)目的粘彈性阻尼器的布置位置的優(yōu)化。 (4)對(duì)近斷層地震作用下連接相鄰結(jié)構(gòu)的非線性滯回阻尼器的性能進(jìn)行了研究。采用Bouc-Wen模型模擬結(jié)構(gòu)的滯回特性，并采用常規(guī)地震波（底波）與模擬近斷層特性的等效速度脈沖進(jìn)行疊加生成近斷層地震波。采用參數(shù)化研究得到了非線性滯回阻尼器最優(yōu)的屈服力和屈服位移，然后對(duì)非線性滯回阻尼器的控制效果進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。數(shù)值分析結(jié)果表明，在加速度峰值相同的不同近斷層地震波激勵(lì)下，非線性滯回阻尼器的最優(yōu)的屈服力和屈服位移相差不大；安裝滯回阻尼器能大大減小近斷層地震作用下相鄰結(jié)構(gòu)的振動(dòng)總能量。
[Abstract]:In the modern city, due to the dense population and limited land, building more and more intensive, which leads to the spacing between adjacent structures is too small. Or due to the architectural style or the use of functional requirements, many high-rise buildings are designed is composed of a plurality of sub structure of the master-slave structure. Under the earthquake, may the collision between adjacent structures. The adjacent structure and Research on anti collision collision response measures, has very important practical significance in earthquake protection of civil engineering structures. This paper analysis theory, numerical simulation and other means, to carry out the research work of the following aspects:
(1) Hertz deduced Hertzdamp collision analysis model based on the expression of the damping constant in the model is modified by numerical verify that the model can simulate the collision reaction more accurately. Then the dynamic response characteristics of the near fault earthquake isolation building and adjacent structures of the collision are studied and the comparative analysis of the isolated buildings and limiting device, and the adjacent non isolated structure and collides with the adjacent isolation structure. The results show that the response characteristics of the collision of base isolation still can reduce the seismic response of the superstructure, the collision is greater than the acceleration sensitivity of sensitive layer displacement, and the number of isolated buildings and structures on both sides the collision is greater than the number only collides with a side structure through comparative analysis.
(2) for connecting adjacent structures under earthquake Kelvin type viscoelastic damper optimization suitability parameters of theoretical expressions were studied in detail. There are two kinds of vibration control, the main structure of the average relative vibration energy and the total average of two adjacent structures relative vibration energy minimum. Using virtual excitation method the influence of the structure, the modal damping ratio and site conditions of viscoelastic damper parameters is analyzed in detail. The structure change of modal damping ratio has little influence on the optimization parameters of viscoelastic damper, the damping ratio of the same structure as the two or not at the same time, optimal parameter values are very consistent with the theoretical value. The optimization parameters of viscoelastic the damper under different conditions were in good agreement with the theoretical value, further verified based on the first two order natural frequency of vibration and the total mass to obtain viscoelastic damping The device optimizes the correctness of the parameters.
(3) the two step optimization design method to optimize the layout problem of viscoelastic dampers connecting two adjacent structures under earthquake is studied. When the two structure layout of the viscoelastic damper number, the control effect of viscoelastic damper and the optimal layout of the most unfavorable layout should be avoided only difference is smaller. The arrangement of 1 viscoelastic dampers; when the arrangement of a plurality of viscoelastic dampers, should be at the top of the structure and lower distribution; when the number of viscoelastic dampers more, the necessity of the optimal layout is very small and can be directly arranged according to the actual requirements of the project. Through further research shows that the effect of optimization the number of the viscoelastic damper to the control effect is very small, the focus is on determining the number of optimization layout of the visco elastic damper.
(4) on the properties of the near fault earthquake back damper nonlinear hysteresis connecting adjacent structures were investigated. The Bouc-Wen model is used to simulate the hysteretic behavior of the structure, and uses the conventional seismic wave (bottom wave) and equivalent velocity pulse characteristics simulation of near fault superimposed near fault seismic waves. A parametric study using the nonlinear hysteretic damper optimal yield force and yield displacement, and to evaluate the control effect of nonlinear hysteretic dampers. The numerical results show that the near fault seismic waves at different excitation peak acceleration under the same nonlinear hysteretic damper optimal yield force and yield displacement difference; hysteretic damper installation can greatly reduce the vibration energy of adjacent structures under near fault earthquake.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU311.3

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