發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-17 23:22

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：基坑最佳開(kāi)挖方式與變形控制的研究與應(yīng)用　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 開(kāi)挖方式 盆式開(kāi)挖 分段開(kāi)挖 信息化施工 變形控制

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的蓬勃發(fā)展,越來(lái)越多代表沿海城市發(fā)達(dá)的高樓大廈,逐步普及到全國(guó)范圍,深基坑工程成為首要解決的問(wèn)題。盡管我國(guó)目前建筑行業(yè)的深基坑工程已經(jīng)形成一套完整的體系,具備安全妥善處理深基坑工程的能力和技術(shù),并且積累了多年來(lái)許多成功案例的工程經(jīng)驗(yàn)。但基坑事故的發(fā)生任未停止。歸結(jié)原因主要有：(1)設(shè)計(jì)的因素,設(shè)計(jì)理論體系還不完善；(2)施工的因素,施工人員技術(shù)水平高低不一,對(duì)施工工藝和施工組織把握不好。(3)信息化施工的因素。信息化監(jiān)測(cè)施工是完善設(shè)計(jì)缺陷的重要思想,同時(shí)也是施工中及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,高效制定處理方案的前提。對(duì)一些施工困難、開(kāi)挖較深的基坑及周邊環(huán)境復(fù)雜的基坑,采用信息化施工能夠有效控制變形和保證基坑安全。 本文擬通過(guò)實(shí)際的基坑項(xiàng)目,來(lái)探討基坑開(kāi)挖方式、施工變形控制及信息化施工組織,主要工作有以下幾點(diǎn)： (1)總結(jié)了目前,基坑開(kāi)挖采用的主要開(kāi)挖方式,并對(duì)每種開(kāi)挖方式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)做了說(shuō)明,同時(shí)簡(jiǎn)單介紹了每種開(kāi)挖方式抑制變形的原理�；娱_(kāi)挖具有明顯的空間效應(yīng),如何通過(guò)選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)拈_(kāi)挖方式來(lái)削弱空間效應(yīng)的影響。 (2)首先,結(jié)合實(shí)際基坑項(xiàng)目的工程特點(diǎn),對(duì)能適用于該項(xiàng)目的主要開(kāi)挖方式做對(duì)比分析,初步確定擬采用盆式開(kāi)挖方式進(jìn)行開(kāi)挖,把基坑分為盆中部分土體和預(yù)留土體部分。其次,1)通過(guò)有限元軟件MIDAS GTS對(duì)基坑盆式開(kāi)挖后的預(yù)留土體部分寬度進(jìn)行討論,分別取預(yù)留土體寬度為10m、20m、30m、40m建立4個(gè)模型模擬開(kāi)挖工況,最終對(duì)比變形位移數(shù)據(jù)確定出最理想的預(yù)留寬度；2)由于盆中部分土體一次開(kāi)挖完,從模擬數(shù)據(jù)看基坑和周邊環(huán)境的變形位移突變較快,因此,對(duì)盆中部分土體進(jìn)一步實(shí)施分段開(kāi)挖。按10m的倍數(shù)建立10m、20m、30m、40m分段長(zhǎng)度,分析不同分段長(zhǎng)度對(duì)變形的影響,并確定了最理想的分段長(zhǎng)度；針對(duì)每一個(gè)分段長(zhǎng)度建立多個(gè)模型討論大多數(shù)可能的分段開(kāi)挖順序?qū)ψ冃蔚挠绊?并最終確定理想的分段開(kāi)挖順序。3)建立多個(gè)模型討論了預(yù)留土體的分段開(kāi)挖方式,包括開(kāi)挖順序與分段長(zhǎng)度對(duì)變形的影響,并最終提出了理想的開(kāi)挖順序與分段長(zhǎng)度。 最終通過(guò)MIDAS GTS對(duì)各種施工參數(shù)的模擬,對(duì)比模擬數(shù)值可得到對(duì)變形影響最小的一種開(kāi)挖方式,既為最佳開(kāi)挖方式。 (3)依據(jù)有限元軟件MIDAS GTS得出的理想開(kāi)挖方式組織該項(xiàng)目施工,同時(shí)結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),不斷的調(diào)整施工順序和檢驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ?出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題及時(shí)向上級(jí)匯報(bào),達(dá)到信息化施工控制變形的目的。 (4)針對(duì)該基坑項(xiàng)目具體采用的施工工藝和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境,討論適用于該項(xiàng)目的變形控制措施及可能出現(xiàn)的危害情況,提前編制具體的實(shí)施方案和應(yīng)急處理措施方案,做到事前控制；結(jié)合監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),動(dòng)態(tài)實(shí)施施工過(guò)程中的變形控制,把不利情況的苗頭及時(shí)扼殺。 (5)對(duì)比最終的監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),分析開(kāi)挖結(jié)論和模型的適用性,通過(guò)改變土層參數(shù)和改變建模尺寸,對(duì)比位移變化情況和監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),證明開(kāi)挖結(jié)論對(duì)其它基坑工程具有一定的參考價(jià)值,同時(shí)找到與監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)最接近的建模尺寸。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the vigorous development of China's economy, more and more representative of the coastal developed city edifice, gradually spread to the country, to become the primary problem of deep excavation engineering of deep foundation pit engineering. Although China construction industry has formed a complete system, with safety and properly handle the ability and deep foundation pit engineering the technology and engineering experience, accumulated many successful cases in recent years. But the pit accidents was not stopped. Reasons mainly include: (1) design factors, design the theoretical system is not perfect; (2) factors of construction, construction personnel technical level is not a good grasp of the construction process. And the construction organization. (3) factors of information construction. The construction of information monitoring is an important thought of perfecting the design defects, timely detection of problems but also in the construction of efficient treatment scheme. On the premise of developing some application It can effectively control the deformation and guarantee the safety of the foundation pit by means of information construction.
Through the actual foundation pit project, this paper discusses the way of foundation pit excavation, the control of construction deformation and the organization of information construction. The main work is as follows:
(1) summarizes the main methods of excavation, foundation pit excavation is adopted, and for each excavation the advantages and disadvantages are described, and a brief introduction to the principle of each excavation deformation. Inhibition of excavation has obvious spatial effect, how to weaken the space effect of excavation by choosing the right way.
(2) first, combined with the engineering characteristics of the actual excavation project, the main excavation on the comparative analysis can be applied to the project, initially identified by quasi basin excavation of foundation pit excavation, the soil is divided into reservation and part of the soil in the basin. Secondly, 1) on the foundation pit basin excavation after reserved soil the width is discussed by the finite element software MIDAS GTS, were collected from the reserved soil width is 10m, 20m, 30m, 40m 4 models are established to simulate the excavation conditions, the final displacement data obtained for comparison of the ideal width; 2) as part of a soil basin excavation, deformation displacement of foundation pit and surrounding environment the mutation from the simulated data quickly, therefore, further implementation of the soil excavation section in the basin. The establishment of 10m, according to 10m 30m, 40m 20m ratio, segment length, length of analysis of different deformation effects, and to determine the ideal The length of each segment; for each segment length of the establishment of a number of most possible segmentation model to discuss the influence on the deformation of excavation sequence, and ultimately determine the segmented excavation sequence.3 ideal) establish multiple segmentation model excavation reserved soil are discussed, including the excavation sequence and segment length influence on deformation, and finally put forward the excavation sequence and segment length of the ideal.
Finally, through the simulation of various construction parameters by MIDAS GTS, a kind of excavation method which has the smallest influence on the deformation can be obtained by comparing the simulated numerical values. It is the best excavation method.
(3) according to the ideal excavation method obtained by MIDAS GTS, the project is organized. At the same time, combined with on-site monitoring data, we constantly adjust the construction sequence and inspection model, report problems to the higher authorities, and achieve the purpose of information construction control deformation.
(4) the construction process and site specific environment used in the foundation pit project, discuss the harm of deformation control measures for the project and possible, advance preparation of specific implementation plan and emergency measures, so advance control; combining with the monitoring data, the implementation of dynamic deformation control in the construction process, the adverse situation the signs of timely killing.
(5) monitoring data comparison final, applicability analysis and conclusion excavation model, by changing the parameters of soil and the change of modeling size, displacement and comparison of the monitoring data, prove the conclusion of excavation has the certain reference value to other excavation, and find the closest size modeling and monitoring data.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU753

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