發(fā)布時間：2018-01-15 07:14

  本文關鍵詞：智能無線消防應急燈指示系統(tǒng)的關鍵技術研究　出處：《杭州電子科技大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 智慧消防 無線傳感網 消防應急燈 路由協(xié)議 空分TDMA

【摘要】：隨著城市現(xiàn)代化進程的加快，城市建筑的樓層不斷加高且樓宇結構越來越復雜，使得大型建筑發(fā)生火災的概率明顯增加。消防應急燈具作為建筑內發(fā)生火災或其它緊急狀況時，給現(xiàn)場人員疏散以及消防作業(yè)提供指示和照明的燈具，已被廣泛安裝在各類建筑中。同時現(xiàn)有消防應急燈已實現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)集中控制、燈具工作狀態(tài)感知和智能檢測等功能，構成了具有一定自動化水平的疏散指示系統(tǒng)。 但隨著近年來無線傳感網技術的快速發(fā)展，智慧城市的建設已得到人們的高度重視，加之新一代消防應急照明和疏散指示系統(tǒng)國家標準（GB17945-2010）的出臺，使得現(xiàn)有基于有線集中式消防應急指示控制系統(tǒng)在系統(tǒng)架構、通信方式、路由協(xié)議、部署方式和系統(tǒng)可維護性方面的不足逐漸顯現(xiàn)。因此，本文以智慧消防建設為出發(fā)點，將智能芯片和無線傳感器網技術應用到新型智能消防應急燈指示系統(tǒng)的研究和開發(fā)中，致力于無線智能消防應急燈指示系統(tǒng)框架構建、無線路由協(xié)議和測試平臺等關鍵技術的研究。本文主要工作如下： 1）提出一種智能無線應急燈具的電路設計方法，進而建立一種基于無線傳感網技術的消防應急疏散指示系統(tǒng)設計方案。首先，利用傳感器對每一個燈具的狀態(tài)進行實時采集；其次，通過無線網絡上傳到控制中心；最后，利用相應的算法實現(xiàn)燈具實時狀態(tài)檢測、應急疏散等功能。 2）根據上述的應急燈指示系統(tǒng)架構，提出一種樹狀網絡通信協(xié)議。該無線通信協(xié)議的特點是有線和無線協(xié)調工作，拓撲結構固定，根據地理位置劃分傳輸區(qū)域，同時其更具有實現(xiàn)簡便、穩(wěn)定性高和延遲時間短等優(yōu)點。 3）為了進一步提高樹狀網絡通信協(xié)議的性能，提出一種基于空分TDMA的無線應急燈通信協(xié)議。該協(xié)議以空分TDMA技術為基礎，IPv6/6LoWPAN技術為協(xié)議棧標準，并將CoAP協(xié)議包作為通信載體，，從而不但在節(jié)點鏈路傳輸方面克服了樹狀網絡通信協(xié)議的不足，同時在應用層和系統(tǒng)構成方面具有更高的穩(wěn)定性、更強的可操作性和更簡潔的軟件架構等優(yōu)點。 4）完成智能無線消防應急燈具節(jié)點的測試樣品，以及用于性能測試評估的小型智能無線消防應急燈指示系統(tǒng)，并開展相應的性能測試研究。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urban modernization, the floors of urban buildings are increasing and the building structure is becoming more and more complex. Fire emergency lamps as a building fire or other emergencies, to the scene of evacuation and fire operations to provide guidance and lighting lamps. It has been widely installed in all kinds of buildings. At the same time, the existing fire emergency lamp has realized the functions of system centralized control, lamp working state perception and intelligent detection and so on. An evacuation indication system with a certain level of automation is constructed. However, with the rapid development of wireless sensor network technology in recent years, people have attached great importance to the construction of smart city. In addition, the introduction of the new national standard GB17945-2010 makes the existing centralized fire emergency control system based on cable in the system architecture. The shortcomings of communication mode, routing protocol, deployment mode and system maintainability gradually appear. Therefore, this paper takes the intelligent fire protection construction as the starting point. The intelligent chip and wireless sensor network technology are applied to the research and development of the new intelligent fire emergency lamp indication system, and the framework of the wireless intelligent fire emergency lamp indication system is constructed. Research on key technologies such as wireless routing protocol and test platform. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) A circuit design method of intelligent wireless emergency lamps is proposed, and then a design scheme of fire emergency evacuation indication system based on wireless sensor network technology is established. The state of each lamp is collected in real time by sensor. Secondly, upload to the control center through the wireless network; Finally, the corresponding algorithm is used to realize the functions of real-time state detection and emergency evacuation of lamps and lanterns. 2) according to the structure of the emergency lamp indication system, a tree network communication protocol is proposed. The wireless communication protocol is characterized by cable and wireless coordination and fixed topology. At the same time, it has the advantages of simple implementation, high stability and short delay time. 3) in order to further improve the performance of tree network communication protocol, a wireless emergency lamp communication protocol based on air-separated TDMA is proposed, which is based on air-separated TDMA technology. IPv6/6LoWPAN technology is a protocol stack standard, and the CoAP protocol packet is used as the communication carrier, which not only overcomes the shortage of tree network communication protocol in node link transmission. At the same time, it has the advantages of higher stability, more maneuverability and simpler software architecture in application layer and system structure. 4) the test sample of intelligent wireless fire emergency lamp node and the small intelligent wireless fire emergency lamp indication system for performance test and evaluation are completed, and the corresponding performance test research is carried out.
【學位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU998.13;TN915.04

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本文編號：1427317