本文關(guān)鍵詞：固定式高壓細水霧滅火系統(tǒng)及其關(guān)鍵元件的研制　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 高壓細水霧 手動電磁水閥 氣穴 滅火效應(yīng) 數(shù)值仿真

【摘要】：安全及與環(huán)境友善消防技術(shù)的應(yīng)用已成為當(dāng)今世界環(huán)保領(lǐng)域發(fā)展的主要趨勢。細水霧滅火技術(shù)以其滅火效率高、耗水量少和安全環(huán)保等特點,已成為鹵代烷等傳統(tǒng)滅火介質(zhì)的主要替代品,并在消防領(lǐng)域得到了推廣應(yīng)用。手動電磁水閥是固定式高壓細水霧滅火系統(tǒng)的重要控制元件,其性能好壞直接影響細水霧滅火系統(tǒng)的工作性能。現(xiàn)有的水壓開關(guān)閥多采用管式或板式結(jié)構(gòu),集成度較低,造成了閥芯因腐蝕或堵塞易出現(xiàn)卡死現(xiàn)象,系統(tǒng)管網(wǎng)布置復(fù)雜,使用和維修不便。本文對固定式高壓細水霧滅火系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計、系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵元件—手動電磁水閥及其性能以及系統(tǒng)滅火效應(yīng)進行研究,對推動細水霧滅火技術(shù)在消防領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用具有重要作用。 本文在對細水霧成霧原理、滅火機理研究的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)細水霧滅火系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并結(jié)合實際工況,設(shè)計出了固定式高壓細水霧滅火系統(tǒng)；并分別對其基本功能、系統(tǒng)組成、啟動運行方式和主要技術(shù)參數(shù)進行了闡述。 根據(jù)高壓細水霧滅火系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)要求,本文確定了手動電磁水閥的技術(shù)指標(biāo)和功能要求。針對水壓元件常遇到的密封、腐蝕及氣蝕等問題,設(shè)計出了手動電磁水閥的具體結(jié)構(gòu)。所設(shè)計的手動電磁水閥采用螺紋插裝閥的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,能實現(xiàn)手動和電動兩種控制方式,具有較高的集成性、抗腐蝕性和抗氣蝕性等特點。在所建立的手動電磁水閥數(shù)學(xué)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,利用Fluent軟件對其主閥流場和氣穴流場進行了數(shù)值仿真,得出了流場的壓力分布圖、速度矢量圖和流線圖等。通過對閥不同開口度的流場仿真,明確了影響手動電磁水閥流場特性的相關(guān)因素；通過對閥在不同邊界條件下氣穴流場的仿真分析,確定了該閥流場中較易產(chǎn)生氣穴現(xiàn)象的部位,并分析了影響氣穴程度的因素,為手動電磁水閥的優(yōu)化設(shè)計提供了理論依據(jù)。 根據(jù)細水霧滅火系統(tǒng)相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中所規(guī)定的試驗方法,利用火災(zāi)動力學(xué)模擬軟件FDS,建立了細水霧滅火模型；基于上述模型,對細水霧滅火系統(tǒng)的滅火效應(yīng)進行了數(shù)值仿真,并分析了火情大小、細水霧噴頭的布置形式以及噴頭與火源的距離等因素對系統(tǒng)滅火效應(yīng)的影響。所得到的結(jié)果對細水霧滅火系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計及試驗具有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:The application of safety and environment-friendly fire protection technology has become the main trend in the field of environmental protection in the world. Water mist fire extinguishing technology is characterized by its high fire extinguishing efficiency, less water consumption and safety and environmental protection. It has become the main substitute of traditional fire extinguishing medium such as halogenated alkane and has been popularized and applied in the field of fire protection. Manual electromagnetic valve is an important control element of fixed high pressure water mist fire extinguishing system. Its performance directly affects the performance of water mist fire extinguishing system. Most of the existing water pressure switch valves use tubular or plate structure, and the integration level is low, resulting in the valve core corrosion or blockage prone to jam phenomenon. The layout of the system pipe network is complex and the operation and maintenance are inconvenient. In this paper, the design of the fixed high pressure water mist extinguishing system, the key component of the system, the manual electromagnetic water valve and its performance, as well as the fire extinguishing effect of the system are studied. It plays an important role in promoting the development and application of water mist fire extinguishing technology in the field of fire protection. Based on the study of the principle of water mist formation and the fire extinguishing mechanism, a fixed high pressure water mist fire extinguishing system is designed according to the design standard of the water mist fire extinguishing system and the actual working conditions. The basic function, system composition, start-up operation mode and main technical parameters are described respectively. According to the technical requirements of high pressure water mist fire extinguishing system, this paper determines the technical specifications and functional requirements of manual electromagnetic water valve, aiming at the sealing, corrosion and cavitation problems often encountered by water pressure components. The structure of manual solenoid valve is designed. The design of manual electromagnetic valve adopts the structure of threaded plug valve, which can realize manual and electric control, and has high integration. Based on the mathematical model of manual electromagnetic valve, the flow field and cavitation flow field of the main valve are numerically simulated by Fluent software. The pressure distribution diagram, velocity vector diagram and streamline diagram of the flow field are obtained. Through the simulation of the flow field of the valve with different openings, the relevant factors affecting the flow field characteristics of the manual electromagnetic valve are clarified. Through the simulation and analysis of the cavitation flow field under different boundary conditions, the location of cavitation phenomenon in the valve flow field is determined, and the factors influencing the cavitation degree are analyzed. It provides a theoretical basis for the optimal design of manual electromagnetic valve. According to the test methods stipulated in the relevant standards of water mist fire extinguishing system, a fire extinguishing model of water mist is established by using the fire dynamics simulation software FDS. Based on the above model, the fire extinguishing effect of water mist fire extinguishing system is numerically simulated, and the fire situation is analyzed. The influence of the arrangement of water mist sprinkler and the distance between the nozzle and the fire source on the fire extinguishing effect of the system is discussed. The results obtained are of certain reference value to the design and test of the water mist fire extinguishing system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU998.132

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