本文選題：旅客運輸　切入點：客運專線　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：旅客列車的開行方案,是確定旅客列車運行區(qū)段、列車種類及開行對數(shù)的計劃。列車開行方案的編制與優(yōu)化是鐵路旅客運輸組織中一個很重要的問題。它涉及到鐵路既有固定設(shè)備和移動設(shè)施的合理運用,是否能夠最大程度地滿足旅客出行需求,屬于鐵路運輸組織中觀層面的戰(zhàn)術(shù)規(guī)劃問題。尤其是在我國已經(jīng)將客運專線建設(shè)納入國家重要發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃,客運專線已經(jīng)大規(guī)模建設(shè),部分客運專線已經(jīng)開通運營的大背景下,列車開行方案的編制與優(yōu)化成為一個需要迫切解決的實踐問題。 成網(wǎng)條件下的客運專線列車開行方案是確定客運專線網(wǎng)絡(luò)各種列車的始發(fā)終到車站、運行徑路、經(jīng)停車站、列車等級及編組方案、開行頻率以及相互銜接配合等內(nèi)容的整體性、系統(tǒng)性的運輸服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計,涉及相關(guān)變量眾多,模型結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。 本文具體研究工作如下： (1)客運專線運輸組織模式分析 研究了國外基于路網(wǎng)拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)的高速鐵路運輸組織模式,對比分析了具有代表性的韓國、法國、日本與德國等發(fā)達國家高速鐵路運輸組織模式的特點,提出了適合于我國成網(wǎng)條件下客運專線運輸組織模式的三種方式,即：下線方式、上線方式和換乘方式。對涉及運輸組織模式選擇的影響因素進行了定性分析,提出應(yīng)針對不同類型的客運專線采取有所區(qū)別的運輸組織模式。 (2)客運專線旅客運輸需求分析 從宏觀角度論證了我國鐵路客運市場具有市場總量大,客流流向分散,跨線客流比較高等整體特征,對全路主要客運節(jié)點間客流交換數(shù)據(jù)進行了統(tǒng)計與分析,歸納概括了客運專線客流形態(tài)特征、客流變化的影響因素以及客流的時空分布特點,研究表明客運專線客流在時間和空間上均存在一定的不均衡性。進一步研究了客流時空分布不均衡性與列車開行方案編制和行車組織的關(guān)系,提出了客運專線客流組織必須堅持路網(wǎng)整體性、產(chǎn)品多樣性、節(jié)拍式運輸、換乘便捷性的運輸組織原則。 (3)客運專線列車開行方案多目標優(yōu)化模型 通過對客運專線旅客列車開行方案特點的研究,分析了客運專線列車開行的相關(guān)成本與費用,從鐵路運輸企業(yè)和旅客兩方面利益出發(fā)建立了客運專線旅客列車開行方案的多目標優(yōu)化模型。設(shè)計了基于停站方案的列車開行方案生成算法,算法中嵌套了將列車上座率作為優(yōu)化方向的客流分配方法。通過“起訖點選擇—停站方案生成—客流分配—目標值計算—停站方案修改”的迭代計算,完成對列車開行方案多目標優(yōu)化模型的求解,并對該模型在路網(wǎng)條件下的推廣進行了進-步分析與探索。該項研究已在鐵道部武廣客運專線列車開行方案編制技術(shù)的研究中得到了成功的應(yīng)用。 (4)客運專線列車停站問題研究 列車停站方案是編制客運專線列車開行方案時需解決的問題之一。本文構(gòu)建了基于給定停站方式下的列車開行方案優(yōu)化模型,借鑒既有線各等級列車的實際停站經(jīng)驗,提出節(jié)點重要度的概念,運用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)決策模型和層次分析法,建立客運專線節(jié)點重要度評價指標體系,研究了評價指標體系中三個等級節(jié)點之間旅客流量的分布特征,通過直達不停站、間隔停站、站站停三種列車停站方式與客流流量、流向?qū)傩缘钠ヅ?解決了給定停站方式下的列車開行方案的優(yōu)化問題。 (5)客運專線列車服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計模型與算法 客運專線網(wǎng)絡(luò)由多條功能定位不同、服務(wù)區(qū)域不同的客運專線相互交錯,相互銜接構(gòu)成�？缇�客流的組織與成網(wǎng)條件下列車的開行成為客運專線與既有鐵路良好銜接的重要標志�；诰�路運營速度,將客運專線分為350km/h,200～250km/h和200km/h既有提速線路三種類型。在建立的列車開行方案多目標優(yōu)化模型的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)運輸服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計的總體原則和方法,對客流進行離散化處理,基于列車徑路通過弧段的不同屬性,建立了基于系統(tǒng)總成本最小的客運專線網(wǎng)列車服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計模型。根據(jù)目標函數(shù)以及約束條件的特點,設(shè)計了啟發(fā)式算(?)行求解,構(gòu)造了路網(wǎng)條件下一級節(jié)點與部份二級節(jié)點間的列車開行方案的運輸服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計實例。 客運專線的大規(guī)模修建與持續(xù)投入運營,對于加速我國城市化和現(xiàn)代化進程,推進城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域統(tǒng)籌優(yōu)化發(fā)展,滿足廣大城市居民出行具有十分突出的現(xiàn)實意義。工程實踐的突飛猛進,需要理論創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)集成的有力支撐。成網(wǎng)條件下客運專線列車開行方案的編制與優(yōu)化,對于推進鐵路旅客運輸組織理論發(fā)展,城市軌道運輸組織,綜合交通體系構(gòu)建的理論與技術(shù)的發(fā)展具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:The passenger train plan, is to determine the passenger train section, train type and open a logarithm plan. The establishment and optimization of train plan is a very important problem of railway passenger transport organization. It relates to the rational use of the existing railway fixed equipment and mobile facilities, to maximize passenger travel demand, tactical planning problem belongs to the railway transport organization of the meso level. Especially in our country has been the construction of passenger dedicated line into the planning of national development strategy, has a large-scale construction of passenger dedicated line, the background part of passenger dedicated line has opened operations, scheduling and optimization of train plan has become a practical problem that needs to be solved urgently.
A passenger train network under the condition of the operation scheme of passenger dedicated line network is to determine the various trains originating end to the station, running route, the train stops, grade and marshalling scheme, operating frequency and integration with the interrelated content, design of transport service network system, involving the related variables, model structure complex.
The specific research work in this paper is as follows:
(1) analysis of transportation organization mode of Passenger Dedicated Line
Study on foreign high-speed railway transport organization mode of network topology based on the comparative analysis of the representative of South Korea, France, Japan and Germany and other developed countries the characteristics of high-speed railway transportation organization mode, put forward suitable for our country in three ways, the transportation organization mode of network conditions: offline mode the on-line mode and transfer mode. The influence factors related to transportation organization mode selection by qualitative analysis, we should take different transportation organization mode for passenger dedicated lines of different types.
(2) passenger transport demand analysis of Passenger Dedicated Line
From a macro point of view demonstrates China's railway passenger transport market is a large amount of traffic flow dispersion, cross line traffic is relatively higher overall characteristics of railway main passenger inter node traffic exchange data statistics and analysis, summed up the passenger flow characteristics, influence factors and changes in the flow of passenger flow distribution characteristics, research that passenger flow exists certain imbalance in time and space. To further study the relationship of passenger flow distribution is not balanced and the train operation plan and traffic organization, the passenger flow organization must adhere to the overall network, product diversity, metronomic transport, transport organization transfer convenience principle.
(3) multi objective optimization model of train opening scheme for Passenger Dedicated Line
Through the study of PDL passenger trains plan characteristics, analysis of the costs associated with the operation of the passenger train lines and costs from the benefit two aspects of railway transport enterprises and departure to establish the multi-objective optimization model of the train scheme of passenger dedicated line. The design scheme of stop train plan generation algorithm based on nested algorithm the assignment method for train attendance as optimization direction. Through the iterative starting point selection scheme generation - stop - flow distribution calculation - stop plan modification calculation, after solving the operation scheme of paired trains multi-objective optimization model, and carries out analysis and exploration step for the promotion of the the model in the network environment. The study has been running technical program in the Ministry of Railways of the PDL has been successfully applied.
(4) research on train stop of Passenger Dedicated Line
The train stop scheme is one of the passenger train establishment operation scheme to solve the problem. This paper constructs a given stop mode of the train plan optimization model based on the actual reference, the railway station stop existing experience, put forward the concept of node important degree, using the grey relational analysis model and AHP method, establish passenger node importance evaluation index system of passenger flow distribution between the three level node evaluation index system, through direct non-stop, interval stop, stop three train stop mode and passenger flow, flow, attributes, solves the problem of optimal operation scheme for a given stop under the train.
(5) train service network design model and algorithm for Passenger Dedicated Line
Passenger dedicated line network is composed of a plurality of different functions, different service areas of passenger dedicated line crossed each other, mutual connection. Cross line passenger flow organization and network under the condition of train has become an important symbol of railway passenger dedicated line and has good convergence. Based on line operating speed, the passenger line is divided into 350km/h, 200 ~ 250km/h both 200km/h and speed lines. Three types of opening in the established multi-objective optimization model based train scheme, according to the general principles and methods of transportation service network design, the passenger flow is discretized, based on the train route through the different attributes of arcs, established passenger train service network network design model based on minimizing the total cost of the system. According to the characteristics of the objective function and constraints, heuristic algorithm is designed for solving the (?), construct a node and part of road network conditions two day An example of the design of the transport service network for the train running scheme between points.
Large-scale construction of passenger dedicated line and continuous operation, to accelerate China's city modernization and promote urban and rural development, optimizing regional co-ordination, meet with very prominent practical significance for the city residents to travel. By engineering practice, theoretical innovation and technological support integration. To prepare and optimize the operation scheme of passenger transport network conditions the train line, to promote the development of railway passenger transport organization theory, city rail transport organization, plays an important role in the development of theory and technology to build a comprehensive transportation system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：U293.1

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本文編號：1565749