為了提高農(nóng)作物的產(chǎn)量,為世界日益增長(zhǎng)的人口提供充足的食物,施用農(nóng)藥治理蟲(chóng)害是至關(guān)重要的手段。然而,農(nóng)藥的濫用造成了土壤和水資源的污染,成為全世界關(guān)注的重要環(huán)境問(wèn)題。因此,開(kāi)發(fā)一種低成本高效率的技術(shù)去除水和廢水中的農(nóng)藥至關(guān)重要。基于過(guò)硫酸鹽（PS）的高級(jí)氧化技術(shù)是降解有機(jī)污染物的最有效的技術(shù)之一。在PS氧化降解污染物過(guò)程中,硫酸根自由基(SO₄^·-)起主要作用,羥基自由基（^·OH）協(xié)同降解。由于PS高級(jí)氧化技術(shù)具有效率較高、反應(yīng)速率快、穩(wěn)定性強(qiáng)、操作簡(jiǎn)單和反應(yīng)條件溫和等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在污水處理領(lǐng)域已引起人們的廣泛關(guān)注。本文著重于在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下通過(guò)化學(xué)活化PS氧化降解水中最常見(jiàn)的農(nóng)藥。在第一部分研究工作中,合成了氧化銅（Cu O）和Cu O/生物炭（BC）復(fù)合材料,并將其用于降解吡蟲(chóng)啉（IMI,一種在世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛使用的新煙堿類(lèi)農(nóng)藥）。結(jié)果表明,BC對(duì)Cu O活化PS降解污染物的性能沒(méi)有促進(jìn)作用。Cu O-PS體系和Cu O/BC-PS體系對(duì)污染物的降解效率均較低,并且僅在較窄的p H范圍內(nèi)才有降解效果;Cu O-PS體系和Cu O... 

【文章來(lái)源】：華南理工大學(xué)廣東省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：175 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Background
        1.1.1 Imidacloprid
        1.1.2 Methomyl
    1.2 Advanced Oxidation Processes
    1.3 Advanced oxidation based on activated persulfate
    1.4 Persulfate Activation
        1.4.1 Persulfate activation by heat（Thermal Activation）
        1.4.2 Persulfate activation by ultraviolet irradiation（Photochemical activation）
        1.4.3 Persulfate activation by base and ultrasonic
        1.4.4 Persulfate activation by chemicals
    1.5 Project and Thesis
        1.5.1 Significance of the project
        1.5.2 Objectives
        1.5.3 Thesis structure
CHAPTER2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
    2.1 Chemicals,reagents and water matrices
    2.2 Synthesis of activators
        2.2.1 Synthesis of biochar
        2.2.2 Synthesis of copper oxide and copper oxide/biochar composite
        2.2.3 Synthesis of magnetic biochar
    2.3 Characterization and properties of activators
        2.3.1 XRD analysis
        2.3.2 FTIR analysis
        2.3.3 EDS and SEM analyses
        2.3.4 BET analysis
CHAPTER3 DEGRADATION OF IMIDACLOPRID BY COPPER OXIDE-PERSULFATE SYSTEM
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Materials and Methods
        3.2.1 Chemicals,reagents and activators
        3.2.2 Experimental procedure
        3.2.3 Analytical procedure
    3.3 Result and Discussion
        3.3.1 Effect of p H on degradation
        3.3.2 Effect of persulfate concentration on degradation
        3.3.3 Persulfate decomposition by copper oxide
        3.3.4 Effect of copper oxide’s dosage on degradation
        3.3.5 Effect of temperature on degradation
        3.3.6 Mineralization of imidacloprid
        3.3.7 Assessment of copper oxide’s stability
        3.3.8 Assessment of the applicability of copper oxide-persulfate system
        3.3.9 Mechanism of persulfate activation
    3.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER4 DEGRADATION OF IMIDACLOPRID BY PYRITE-PERSULFATE SYSTEM
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Materials and Methods
        4.2.1 Chemicals,reagents and activators
        4.2.2 Experimental procedure
        4.2.3 Analytical procedure
    4.3 Result and Discussion
        4.3.1 Comparison of the efficiency of activators
        4.3.2 Effect of p H on degradation
        4.3.3 Effect of persulfate concentration on degradation
        4.3.4 Persulfate decomposition by pyrite
        4.3.5 Effect of pyrite dosage on degradation
        4.3.6 Effect of temperature on degradation
        4.3.7 Mineralization of imidacloprid
        4.3.8 Assessment of pyrite’s stability
        4.3.9 Assessment of the applicability of pyrite-persulfate system
        4.3.10 Mechanism of persulfate activation
    4.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER5 DEGRADATION OF IMIDACLOPRID BY ZERO-VALENT IRON-PERSULFATE SYSTEM
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Materials and Methods
        5.2.1 Chemicals and reagents
        5.2.2 Experimental procedure
        5.2.3 Analytical procedure
    5.3 Result and Discussion
        5.3.1 Effect of persulfate concentration on degradation
        5.3.2 Persulfate decomposition by zero-valent iron at applied persulfate concentrations
        5.3.3 Effect of zero-valent iron’s dosage on degradation
        5.3.4 Concentration of ferrous ion in n ZVI-PS system
        5.3.5 Effect of imidacloprid concentration on degradation
        5.3.6 Effect of temperature on degradation
        5.3.7 Effect of p H on degradation
        5.3.8 Mineralization of imidacloprid
        5.3.9 Assessment of zero-valent iron stability
        5.3.10 Identification and the role of reactive oxygen species
        5.3.11 Assessment of applicability of zero-valent iron-persulfate system
        5.3.12 Identification of degradation products
    5.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER6 DEGRADATION OF METHOMYL BY ZERO-VALENT IRON-PERSULFATE/PEROXYMONOSULFATE SYSTEM
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Materials and Methods
        6.2.1 Chemicals,reagents and activators
        6.2.2 Experimental procedure
        6.2.3 Analytical procedure
    6.3 Result and Discussion
        6.3.1 Effect of activator dosage on degradation
        6.3.2 Identification and the role of reactive oxygen species
        6.3.3 Assessment of the concentration of peroxymonosulfate anion in applied systems
        6.3.4 Effect of peroxymonosulfate concentration on degradation
        6.3.5 Effect of methomyl concentration on degradation
        6.3.6 Effect of p H on degradation
        6.3.7 Effect of temperature on degradation
        6.3.8 Mineralization of methomyl
        6.3.9 Assessment of the applicability of Peroxymonosulfate-Only system
        6.3.10 Identification of degradation products
    6.4 Conclusions
Chapter7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
    7.1 Conclusions
    7.2 Recommendations
REFERENCES
攻讀博士學(xué)位期間取得的研究成果
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
附件



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