【摘要】：土壤呼吸作用是土壤產(chǎn)生并向大氣釋放二氧化碳的過程,土壤呼吸是碳循環(huán)的重要途徑,土壤本身的呼吸促進了土壤與大氣間的CO2交換。土壤呼吸作用是陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳收支中最大的通量.因此,精確預(yù)測陸地與大氣之間碳交換需要深入理解影響土壤呼吸作用的主導(dǎo)因子。本研究采用LI-8100開路式自動土壤碳通量測量系統(tǒng),于2014年4月、7月、10月在新疆博斯騰湖北岸對裸露淺灘地、裸露過渡帶、蘆葦群落、檉柳群落進行土壤呼吸的測定并對影響土壤呼吸速率的主要環(huán)境因素進行觀測,總結(jié)出各樣地土壤呼吸速率的日變化特征和不同時期土壤呼吸速率的變化規(guī)律,分析了影響土壤呼吸速率的主要環(huán)境因素,探究了各因素對土壤呼吸速率影響的機理。研究表明:1、四個樣地土壤呼吸速率的日變化的對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)日變化中4月、7月、10月裸露淺灘地分別表現(xiàn)為單峰、雙峰、單峰型曲線,峰值出現(xiàn)的時間均在12:00-16:00;裸露過渡帶均表現(xiàn)為單峰型,峰值出現(xiàn)的時間均在12:00-16:00;蘆葦群落表現(xiàn)為單峰、雙峰、單峰型曲線,峰值出現(xiàn)的時間均在12:00-16:00;檉柳群落表現(xiàn)為單峰、雙峰、單峰型曲線,峰值出現(xiàn)的時間均在12:00-16:00。由此可以看出,四個樣地峰值出現(xiàn)的時間段是一致的,裸露淺灘地、蘆葦群落、檉柳群落日變化的峰型相同的。2、不同時期不同樣地土壤呼吸速率的特征表現(xiàn)為:裸露淺灘地土壤呼吸速率均值的最大值出現(xiàn)在4月,而其他樣地都出現(xiàn)在7月,大小順序為7月10月4月。在對近地面溫度和5cm深度土壤溫度與土壤呼吸速率做對比分析時發(fā)現(xiàn),溫度指標(biāo)的最大值也出現(xiàn)在7月,與呼吸速率最大值出現(xiàn)的時間一致,三個月中最小值出現(xiàn)在了溫度最低時。3、溫度與土壤呼吸速率基本呈現(xiàn)顯著相關(guān),但也有個別月份相關(guān)性不明顯。裸露淺灘地、裸露過渡帶、蘆葦群落、檉柳群落4月、7月、10月的土壤呼吸速率與近地面溫度和5cm深度土壤溫度呈現(xiàn)顯著相關(guān),與10cm深度土壤溫度和25cm深度土壤溫度不存在顯著關(guān)系。4、土壤呼吸速率與空氣相對濕度的關(guān)系分析發(fā)現(xiàn),裸露淺灘地和裸露過渡帶4月、10月土壤呼吸速率與空氣相對濕度沒有相關(guān)性,裸露淺灘地7月土壤呼吸速率隨空氣相對濕度的變化呈現(xiàn)相反的趨勢變化;裸露過渡帶4月土壤呼吸速率與空氣相對濕度沒有相關(guān)性,7月和10月土壤呼吸速率隨空氣相對濕度的變化呈現(xiàn)顯著負相關(guān);蘆葦群落在4月時土壤呼吸速率與空氣相對濕度呈現(xiàn)了顯著相關(guān)性,7月和10月土壤呼吸速率隨空氣相對濕度的變化呈現(xiàn)顯著負相關(guān)。檉柳群落4月的土壤呼吸速率與相對空氣濕度之間沒有相關(guān)關(guān)系,7月、10月土壤呼吸速率與空氣相對濕度顯著負相關(guān)。5、各樣地土壤呼吸速率與表層含水量、10cm深度含水量、25cm深度含水量不存在顯著相關(guān)性,除了裸露過渡帶的土壤呼吸速率與表層含水量存在顯著相關(guān)性,土壤各層含水量與土壤呼吸速率呈較好的二次方程關(guān)系。6、土壤呼吸速率與風(fēng)速相關(guān)分析,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)各月土壤呼吸速率與風(fēng)速的相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為0.275、-0.164、0.393,表明土壤呼吸速率與風(fēng)速在4月、7月、10月時相關(guān)性較低。三次方程擬合發(fā)現(xiàn)4月和10月土壤呼吸速率和風(fēng)速的相關(guān)性較弱,而7月的相關(guān)性較高為0.85。
[Abstract]:The soil respiration is the process of producing and releasing carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, and the respiration of the soil is an important way of carbon circulation, and the respiration of the soil promotes the CO2 exchange between the soil and the atmosphere. The soil respiration is the largest flux in the carbon budget of the terrestrial ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately predict the carbon exchange between the land and the atmosphere in order to understand the main factors that affect the respiration of the soil. In this study, an LI-8100 open-circuit type automatic soil carbon flux measurement system was adopted, in April, July and October,2014, the bare shoal land, the bare transitional zone and the reed community were put on the north bank of Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, in October and October,2014. The soil respiration was measured and the main environmental factors that affected the respiration rate of the soil were observed. The diurnal variation characteristics of soil respiration rate and the change of soil respiration rate in different periods were summarized, and the main environmental factors that affected the respiration rate of the soil were analyzed. The mechanism of the influence of various factors on the respiration rate of soil was explored. The results showed that:1. The diurnal variation of the soil respiration rate in the four samples showed a single peak, a double peak and a unimodal curve in April, July and October, respectively. The peak appeared in 12:00-16:00, and the exposed transition zone was unimodal. The peak appeared at 12:00 to 16:00, and the reed community showed a single peak, a double peak and a unimodal curve. The peak of the peak appeared at 12:00 to 16:00, and the peak of the peak was 12:00 to 16:00. As a result, it can be seen that the time period of the peak occurrence of the four samples is the same, and the peak-type of the diurnal variation of the reed community and the willows community is the same, and the characteristics of the different periods of different soil respiration rates are as follows: The maximum value of the mean value of the soil respiration rate in the bare shoal was in April, and the other was in July, with the order of magnitude of July, October. in comparison and analysis of that temperature of the near ground and the soil respiration rate at the depth of 5 cm, it was found that the maximum value of the temperature index was also in July, and the minimum value in the three-month period was the lowest when the temperature was the lowest.3, There was a significant correlation between the temperature and the respiration rate of the soil, but the correlation between the temperature and the soil respiration rate was not obvious. The soil respiration rate of the bare shoal land, the bare transitional zone, the reed community and the willows community was significantly correlated with the near-surface temperature and the 5 cm depth soil temperature in April, July and October, and there was no significant relationship with the soil temperature of 10 cm and the soil temperature of 25 cm. The relationship between the respiration rate of the soil and the relative humidity of the air found that the respiration rate of the soil in the bare shoal area and the bare transitional zone was not related to the relative humidity of the air in April and October, and the respiration rate of the soil in July of the bare shoal was changed with the change of the relative humidity of the air. There was no correlation between the respiration rate of the soil and the relative humidity of the air in April, and the respiration rate of the soil in July and October was negatively correlated with the change of the relative humidity of the air. The respiration rate of the reed community was significantly correlated with the relative humidity of the air in April, and the respiration rate of the soil was negatively correlated with the change of the relative humidity of the air in July and October. There was no correlation between the respiration rate of the soil and the relative air humidity in April, and there was a negative correlation between the respiration rate of the soil and the relative humidity of the air in July and October, and the respiration rate of the soil and the water content of the surface layer, the water content of 10 cm and the water content of the depth of 25 cm did not have significant correlation. in addition to the significant correlation between the soil respiration rate and the water content of the surface layer in the exposed transition zone, the water content of each layer of the soil and the respiration rate of the soil are in a good quadratic equation, and the soil respiration rate and the wind speed are analyzed, The results showed that the correlation coefficient between the respiration rate and the wind speed of the soil was 0.275,-0.164 and 0.393, respectively, indicating that the correlation between the respiration rate and the wind speed of the soil was lower in April, July and October. The three-time equation fit found that the correlation between the soil respiration rate and the wind speed in April and October was weak, while the correlation in July was higher than 0.85.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S154

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本文編號：2512416