【摘要】：貴州位于中國西南喀斯特地區(qū)的中心,是全國水土流失最為嚴重的省份之一,而喀斯特地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱,土層淺薄,極容易發(fā)生水土流失。為了揭示喀斯特小流域不同植被措施減沙功能,在貴州省平壩縣典型喀斯特區(qū)凱掌小流域野外徑流小區(qū)定位監(jiān)測的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)小流域2010-2012年4個坡面徑流小區(qū)的定位觀測資料,采用單因素完全隨機設(shè)計方法研究在水土保持林(柏樹Cupressus funebris),經(jīng)濟林(茶樹Camellia sinensis),坡耕地(玉米Zea mays)和撂荒草地4種不同植被措施下徑流小區(qū)的產(chǎn)沙特性,探索不同植被措施下徑流小區(qū)產(chǎn)沙量的差異。結(jié)果表明:水土保持林與經(jīng)濟林差異不顯著(P=0.7540.05),與坡耕地差異顯著(P=0.0220.05),與撂荒地差異顯著(P=0.0080.05);經(jīng)濟林與坡耕地差異顯著(P=0.0460.05),撂荒地差異顯著(P=0.0030.05);坡耕地與撂荒地差異顯著(P=0.0000.05)。年平均產(chǎn)沙量最少為撂荒地29.57 g·a~(-1);最多為坡耕地1 436.59 g·a~(-1);水土保持林與經(jīng)濟林相差不大,分別為789.12 g·a~(-1)和876.55 g·a~(-1)。不同措施減沙功能排序為:撂荒地水土保持林經(jīng)濟林坡耕地。在喀斯特地區(qū),撂荒地減沙功能最好,而坡耕地是水土流失嚴重。
[Abstract]:Guizhou, located in the center of Karst area in southwest China, is one of the most serious provinces of soil and water loss in China, and the ecological environment of Karst area is fragile, the soil layer is shallow, and soil erosion is very easy to occur. In order to reveal the sediment reduction function of different vegetation measures in Karst small watershed, based on the location and monitoring of field runoff plot in Kazhou small watershed in Pingba County, Guizhou Province, and according to the positioning and observation data of four slope runoff plots in small watershed from 2010 to 2012, the single factor completely random design method was used to study the soil and water conservation forest (Cupressus funebris), economic forest) (tea tree Camellia sinensis),). The sediment yield characteristics of runoff plot under four different vegetation measures of Zea mays) and abandoned grassland were studied, and the difference of sediment yield of runoff plot under different vegetation measures was explored. The results showed that there was no significant difference between soil and water conservation forest and economic forest (P 鈮，

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