生物質(zhì)基沙漠改良劑水肥基礎特性研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-07-06 10:25
【摘要】：本論文以木質(zhì)素、再生低密度聚乙烯(RLDPE)和皮膠三種工業(yè)上產(chǎn)量巨大的工業(yè)廢棄物為原材料,從廢棄資源的高效環(huán)境友好再利用和治理土壤沙化、荒漠化的角度出發(fā),利用物理共混方法制備出生物質(zhì)基沙漠改良劑,系統(tǒng)研究了三種材料及沙漠風成沙的基本物理特征及三種材料對沙漠水分物理性質(zhì)和保肥性能影響及應用特性。結果表明：1、本試驗中所用沙漠風成沙以細沙為主,粒徑在0.1-0.25mm之間的占總質(zhì)量的80%以上。風成沙顆粒中主要含有Si、O、Al、Ca及少量K、Fe、Mg元素,風成沙顆粒主要由二氧化硅、鉀長石、鈉長石、碳酸鈣、含鐵硅酸鈣及含鈣鈉長石組成。風成沙中有機質(zhì)含量極低,C/H/N/S四元素總量在總質(zhì)量中所占比例低于1.5%；木質(zhì)素、RLDPE和皮膠中均以C為主要組成元素,C/H比在木質(zhì)素中約為0.924,RLDPE中約為0.496,皮膠中約為0.505。2、木質(zhì)素、RLDPE和皮膠的摻加均對風成沙飽和含水量的提高具有促進作用,木質(zhì)素/RLDPE/皮膠摻量為10/15/20(%)時,風成沙飽和含水量為73.39%,是對照組的3.87倍,皮膠和RLDPE對該指標影響分別達到極顯著和顯著水平；穩(wěn)定凋萎含水量達到最大值23.72%,與對照組相比增大幅度1812.90%,皮膠影響達到極顯著水平；土樣田間持水量為162.56%,與對照組相比增大716.88%,皮膠和RLDPE的摻加對風成沙田間持水量的提高具有顯著促進作用。木質(zhì)素/RLDPE/皮膠摻量為10/20/20(%)時風成沙有效含水量最大且皮膠和RLDPE對該指標影響達到顯著水平。三種材料對風成沙有效含水量的影響大小為：皮膠RLDPE木質(zhì)素,三種材料在風成沙中最佳摻量分別為20%、20%和10%。SEM分析表明改良材料能夠粘附于風成沙顆粒表面,促進顆粒團聚。3、單因素試驗表明,RLDPE摻量為20%時,風成沙容重減小至0.91g·cm-3,比重減小至1.87,容重和比重分別下降41.54%和30.22%；木質(zhì)素摻量為20%時,風成沙容重和比重分別減小至1.31g·cm-3和2.32,減小幅度分別為16.03%和13.43%；皮膠摻量為20%時,風成沙容重和比重分別達到最小值1.34g·cm-3和2.28,下降幅度分別為14.1%和14.93%,一定摻量條件下,木質(zhì)素、RLDPE和皮膠的加入均能夠使風成沙容重和比重減小,且RLDPE和皮膠對容重和比重影響均達顯著水平。皮膠摻量為20%時,風成沙孔隙度達到最大值41.23%,與對照相比下降1.34%；木質(zhì)素摻量為10%時風成沙孔隙度最大為46.12%,與對照相比提高了10.36%；RLDPE摻量為20%時孔隙度為51.32%,是對照組的1.23倍；木質(zhì)素/RLDPE/皮膠摻量為20/15/10(%)時風成沙孔隙度達到最大值49.46%,提高率為18.35%。4、木質(zhì)素摻加20%時,風成沙對鉀離子的吸附容量為1.225mg·g-1,比對照組提高112%；木質(zhì)素摻量為5%時,風成沙硝酸根和磷酸根吸附容量分別為0.0484mg·g-1和0.388mg·g-1,比對照組分別提高226%和948.65%。RLDPE的摻入使風成沙鉀離子吸附容量下降,但在一定摻量條件下能夠提高硝酸根和磷酸根離子吸附容量,當其摻量為10%時風成沙鉀離子、硝酸根和磷酸根吸附容量分別為0.513 mg/g、0.0388 mg/g和0.052mg/g,提高率分別為-0.77%、201%和40.54%；皮膠的加入也會使風成沙鉀離子吸附容量下降而使風成沙硝酸根和磷酸根吸附容量有一定程度的提高,當其摻量為5%時,風成沙鉀離子、硝酸根和磷酸根吸附容量分別為0.580mg/g、-0.006 mg/g和0.105mg/g,提高率分別為-12.95%、84%和185.32%。三種材料對風成沙保肥能力促進作用大小為：木質(zhì)素RLDPE皮膠。5、木質(zhì)素、RLDPE和皮膠可以作為改良材料直接應用于風成沙水肥特性改良,但皮膠和RLDPE在風成沙中摻加量均不宜過大,皮膠摻量不宜超過15%,RLDPE摻量不宜超過10%,木質(zhì)素摻量可適當增大。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：圖２－１邋沙漠沙粒徑分布逡逑Ｆｉｇ．邋２－１邋Ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅ邋ｓｉ之ｅ邋ｄｉｓｔＨｂｕｔｉｏｎ邋ｏｆ邋ｄｅｓｅｒｔ邋ｓａｎｄ逡逑
[Abstract]:The paper takes the industrial wastes of the three industries of lignin, regenerated low-density polyethylene (RLDPE) and rubber glue as raw materials, and from the viewpoint of high-efficiency and environment-friendly recycling of waste resources and the treatment of soil desertification and desertification, The physical and physical characteristics of three kinds of materials and desert wind-forming sand and the influence of three kinds of materials on the physical and chemical properties of the desert and the application characteristics of the three kinds of materials on the physical and chemical properties of the desert were studied by means of physical blending. The results show that:1. The desert wind-forming sand used in this test is mainly fine sand, and the particle size is between 0.1 and 0.25 mm, accounting for over 80% of the total mass. The wind-forming particles mainly contain Si, O, Al, Ca and a small amount of K, Fe and Mg elements, and the wind-forming particles are mainly composed of silicon dioxide, potassium feldspar, albite, calcium carbonate, iron-containing calcium silicate and calcium-containing albite. The content of organic matter in the wind-forming sand is very low, and the total amount of C/ H/ N/ S is less than 1.5% in the total mass; C is the main component in the lignin, the RLDPE and the rubber, and the C/ H ratio is about 0.924 in the lignin, about 0.496 in the RLDPE and about 0.505.2 in the rubber, and the lignin, The addition of RLDPE and rubber has a catalytic effect on the increase of the saturated water content of the wind-forming sand, and when the content of the lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 10/15/20 (%), the saturated water content of the wind-forming sand is 73.39%, which is 3.87 times that of the control group, and the influence of the rubber and the RLDPE on the index reaches a very significant and a significant level respectively; The water content of the stable wilting reached the maximum of 23.72%, which increased by 1812.90% in comparison with the control group, and the effect of the skin glue reached a very significant level; the field water holding capacity of the soil sample was 162.56%, the increase of 716.88% compared with the control group, and the addition of the rubber and the RLDPE had a significant effect on the improvement of the water holding capacity of the wind-forming field. When the content of lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 10/20/20 (%), the effective water content of wind-forming sand is the largest and the effect of rubber and RLDPE on the index reaches a significant level. The effect of the three materials on the effective water content of the wind-forming sand is as follows: the optimum content of the three materials in the wind-forming sand is 20%,20% and 10%, respectively. The SEM analysis shows that the modified material can adhere to the surface of the wind-forming sand particles and promote the particle agglomeration. When the content of the RLDPE is 20%, the volume weight of the wind-forming sand is reduced to 0.91 g 路 cm-3, the specific gravity is reduced to 1.87, the bulk density and the specific gravity are decreased by 41.54% and 30.22%, respectively; when the content of the lignin is 20%, the volume weight and the specific gravity of the wind-forming sand are reduced to 1.31 g 路 cm-3 and 2.32, respectively, with the decrease of 16.03% and 13.43%, respectively; The volume weight and specific gravity of the wind-forming sand reached the minimum value of 1.34g 路 cm-3 and 2.28 respectively when the content of the rubber is 20%, and the falling amplitude is 14.1% and 14.93%, respectively, and the addition of the lignin, the RLDPE and the leather gum can reduce the volume weight and the specific gravity of the wind, And the effect of the RLDPE and the rubber gel on the volume weight and the specific gravity is up to a significant level. When the content of the rubber was 20%, the porosity of the wind-forming sand reached 41.23%, which decreased by 1.34% as compared with the control. The maximum porosity of the wind-forming sand was 46.12% when the content of the lignin was 10%, and the porosity was 51.32% when the content of the RLDPE was 20%, and it was 1.23 times that of the control group. When the content of lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 20/15/10 (%), the porosity of the wind-forming sand is 49.46%, the increase rate is 18.35%.4, when the lignin is mixed with 20%, the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming sand to the potassium ion is 1.225 mg 路 g-1, the increase of the lignin content is 112%, and when the content of the lignin is 5%, The adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate in the wind was 0.0484 mg 路 g-1 and 0.388 mg 路 g-1, respectively, compared with the control group by 226% and 948.65%, respectively. The adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate was 0.513 mg/ g, 0.0388 mg/ g and 0.052 mg/ g, respectively, and the improvement rate was-0.77%,201% and 40.54%, respectively, when its content was 10%, and the adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate was 0.513 mg/ g, 0.0388 mg/ g and 0.052 mg/ g, respectively. the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming nitrate and the phosphate radical is improved to a certain extent by the addition of the rubber, and the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming nitrate and the phosphate radical is 0.580 mg/ g,-0.006 mg/ g and 0.105 mg/ g, respectively, when the addition amount is 5%, The improvement rates were-12.95%,84% and 185.32%, respectively. The effect of three kinds of materials on the capacity of the wind-forming sand-protecting fertilizer is as follows: the lignin RLDPE rubber.5, the lignin, the RLDPE and the rubber can be directly applied to the improvement of the water and fertilizer characteristics of the wind-forming sand as the modified material, but the addition amount of the rubber and the RLDPE in the wind-forming sand is not too large, and the content of the rubber glue is not more than 15 percent, The content of RLDPE should not be more than 10%, and the content of lignin can be increased as appropriate.
【學位授予單位】：西南科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S156.2
本文編號：2510945
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：圖２－１邋沙漠沙粒徑分布逡逑Ｆｉｇ．邋２－１邋Ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅ邋ｓｉ之ｅ邋ｄｉｓｔＨｂｕｔｉｏｎ邋ｏｆ邋ｄｅｓｅｒｔ邋ｓａｎｄ逡逑
[Abstract]:The paper takes the industrial wastes of the three industries of lignin, regenerated low-density polyethylene (RLDPE) and rubber glue as raw materials, and from the viewpoint of high-efficiency and environment-friendly recycling of waste resources and the treatment of soil desertification and desertification, The physical and physical characteristics of three kinds of materials and desert wind-forming sand and the influence of three kinds of materials on the physical and chemical properties of the desert and the application characteristics of the three kinds of materials on the physical and chemical properties of the desert were studied by means of physical blending. The results show that:1. The desert wind-forming sand used in this test is mainly fine sand, and the particle size is between 0.1 and 0.25 mm, accounting for over 80% of the total mass. The wind-forming particles mainly contain Si, O, Al, Ca and a small amount of K, Fe and Mg elements, and the wind-forming particles are mainly composed of silicon dioxide, potassium feldspar, albite, calcium carbonate, iron-containing calcium silicate and calcium-containing albite. The content of organic matter in the wind-forming sand is very low, and the total amount of C/ H/ N/ S is less than 1.5% in the total mass; C is the main component in the lignin, the RLDPE and the rubber, and the C/ H ratio is about 0.924 in the lignin, about 0.496 in the RLDPE and about 0.505.2 in the rubber, and the lignin, The addition of RLDPE and rubber has a catalytic effect on the increase of the saturated water content of the wind-forming sand, and when the content of the lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 10/15/20 (%), the saturated water content of the wind-forming sand is 73.39%, which is 3.87 times that of the control group, and the influence of the rubber and the RLDPE on the index reaches a very significant and a significant level respectively; The water content of the stable wilting reached the maximum of 23.72%, which increased by 1812.90% in comparison with the control group, and the effect of the skin glue reached a very significant level; the field water holding capacity of the soil sample was 162.56%, the increase of 716.88% compared with the control group, and the addition of the rubber and the RLDPE had a significant effect on the improvement of the water holding capacity of the wind-forming field. When the content of lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 10/20/20 (%), the effective water content of wind-forming sand is the largest and the effect of rubber and RLDPE on the index reaches a significant level. The effect of the three materials on the effective water content of the wind-forming sand is as follows: the optimum content of the three materials in the wind-forming sand is 20%,20% and 10%, respectively. The SEM analysis shows that the modified material can adhere to the surface of the wind-forming sand particles and promote the particle agglomeration. When the content of the RLDPE is 20%, the volume weight of the wind-forming sand is reduced to 0.91 g 路 cm-3, the specific gravity is reduced to 1.87, the bulk density and the specific gravity are decreased by 41.54% and 30.22%, respectively; when the content of the lignin is 20%, the volume weight and the specific gravity of the wind-forming sand are reduced to 1.31 g 路 cm-3 and 2.32, respectively, with the decrease of 16.03% and 13.43%, respectively; The volume weight and specific gravity of the wind-forming sand reached the minimum value of 1.34g 路 cm-3 and 2.28 respectively when the content of the rubber is 20%, and the falling amplitude is 14.1% and 14.93%, respectively, and the addition of the lignin, the RLDPE and the leather gum can reduce the volume weight and the specific gravity of the wind, And the effect of the RLDPE and the rubber gel on the volume weight and the specific gravity is up to a significant level. When the content of the rubber was 20%, the porosity of the wind-forming sand reached 41.23%, which decreased by 1.34% as compared with the control. The maximum porosity of the wind-forming sand was 46.12% when the content of the lignin was 10%, and the porosity was 51.32% when the content of the RLDPE was 20%, and it was 1.23 times that of the control group. When the content of lignin/ RLDPE/ rubber is 20/15/10 (%), the porosity of the wind-forming sand is 49.46%, the increase rate is 18.35%.4, when the lignin is mixed with 20%, the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming sand to the potassium ion is 1.225 mg 路 g-1, the increase of the lignin content is 112%, and when the content of the lignin is 5%, The adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate in the wind was 0.0484 mg 路 g-1 and 0.388 mg 路 g-1, respectively, compared with the control group by 226% and 948.65%, respectively. The adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate was 0.513 mg/ g, 0.0388 mg/ g and 0.052 mg/ g, respectively, and the improvement rate was-0.77%,201% and 40.54%, respectively, when its content was 10%, and the adsorption capacity of nitrate and phosphate was 0.513 mg/ g, 0.0388 mg/ g and 0.052 mg/ g, respectively. the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming nitrate and the phosphate radical is improved to a certain extent by the addition of the rubber, and the adsorption capacity of the wind-forming nitrate and the phosphate radical is 0.580 mg/ g,-0.006 mg/ g and 0.105 mg/ g, respectively, when the addition amount is 5%, The improvement rates were-12.95%,84% and 185.32%, respectively. The effect of three kinds of materials on the capacity of the wind-forming sand-protecting fertilizer is as follows: the lignin RLDPE rubber.5, the lignin, the RLDPE and the rubber can be directly applied to the improvement of the water and fertilizer characteristics of the wind-forming sand as the modified material, but the addition amount of the rubber and the RLDPE in the wind-forming sand is not too large, and the content of the rubber glue is not more than 15 percent, The content of RLDPE should not be more than 10%, and the content of lignin can be increased as appropriate.
【學位授予單位】：西南科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S156.2
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，本文編號：2510945
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