【摘要】：為探討長期玉米秸稈還田下不同耕作模式對土壤生化性狀及冬小麥產量的影響,從2011年10月至2016年6月連續(xù)5個冬小麥生長季進行田間定位試驗。設4個耕作處理,分別是連續(xù)旋耕秸稈不還田(RT)、連續(xù)旋耕秸稈還田(RS)、連續(xù)深耕秸稈還田(DS)及前2年旋耕秸稈還田第3年深耕秸稈還田(TS)。與RT相比,連續(xù)5年秸稈還田顯著提高0~10、10~20和20~30 cm土層土壤有機碳、無機氮、速效磷、速效鉀含量;土壤脲酶、蛋白酶、硝酸還原酶和蔗糖酶活性及土壤微生物多樣性分別提高23.1%~59.3%、13.2%~40.7%、14.1%~28.8%、10.9%~19.5%和31.9%~42.5%。秸稈還田使各土層變形菌門、硝化螺旋菌門及放線菌門的相對豐度顯著提高,而酸桿菌門相對豐度則顯著降低。與DS及TS相比,RS顯著提高0~10 cm土層土壤養(yǎng)分狀況及生物活性,10~30 cm土層則顯著降低。連續(xù)旋耕至第3年,無論秸稈還田與否,小麥均表現減產;DS與TS處理則表現持續(xù)增產,平均年增產3.2%和3.9%。本研究表明在黃淮海東部地區(qū),秸稈還田條件下,2年旋耕后接1年深耕的耕作模式有助于改善耕層土壤質量和提高冬小麥生產力。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of different farming models on soil biochemical characters and winter wheat yield under long-term corn straw returning to the field, field positioning experiments were carried out for five consecutive winter wheat growing seasons from October 2011 to June 2016. Four tillage treatments were set up, which were continuous rotary ploughing straw return to field (RT), continuous rotary ploughing straw returning (RS), continuous deep ploughing straw returning (DS) and the third year deep ploughing straw returning (TS). In the third year of rotary ploughing straw returning to the field in the first 2 years of rotary ploughing straw and returning straw to the field in the third year. Compared with RT, the contents of organic carbon, inorganic nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in soil layer were significantly increased by 0: 10, 10: 20 and 20: 30 cm soil layer for 5 years in a row, and the contents of organic carbon, inorganic nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in soil layer were significantly increased. Soil urease, protease, nitrate reductase and sucrase activities and soil microbial diversity increased by 23.1% 59.3%, 13.2% 40.7%, 14.1% 28.8%, respectively. 10.9% 鈮，

本文編號：2486129